Effect of canagliflozin or metformin on metabolic disorders in obese diabetic rats
December 2015
This study aimed to investigate the effect of canagliflozin (CAN) or metformin (MET) on investigated biochemical parameters in obese diabetic rat model. Obesity induced by melted butter administration and hyperlipidemic rats were subjected to streptozotocin (STZ; 35 mg/kg i.p) to develop the diabetic model (D). Animals were grouped as control (C), D none treated and diabetic treated with CAN (10 mg/kg) or MET (100...
Solid phase cytometry applied to sterility tests for injecting 0.9% sodium chloride
December 2015
Sterility tests described in official compendia are carried out by membrane filtration or by direct inoculation into suitable culture media. About 14 days are needed to provide results and release products for sale, so speed is of the essence in rapid microbiological methods. Solid phase cytometry is a fast innovative method for testing the sterility of injectable medications. It is based on the detection of viable...
An approach to increase adverse drug events reports in Mercosur
December 2015
Risk communication associated with drug use is a critical point in post-marketing surveillance. Therefore, validation of strategies to minimize under-reporting of adverse drug events (ADE) are needed in order to contribute towards good pharmacovigilance practices. The present study aims to validate a multi-faceted educational intervention (MEI) in pharmacovigilance for Mercosur countries and assess its impact on...
Synthesis of Cu(II) complex with schiff bases derived from aryl-S-benzyildithiocarbazate: Antimicrobial activity and in silico biological properties evaluations
November 2015
This study reported the synthesis of the new ligands, 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl-S-benzyldithiocarbazate (L1), p-chloro-benzyl-S-benzyldithiocarbazate (L2) and 2,6-dichlorobenzyl-S-benzyldithiocarbazate (L3). These three schiff base type ligands were respectively obtained by means of the reaction of 3,4-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde, p-chlorobenzaldehyde and 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde with S-benzyldithiocarbazate, at...
Comaparative study of the antidiabetic and biochemical effects of metformin, glibenclamide and repaglinide in alloxan- induced diabetic rats
November 2015
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major global health burden affecting both developed and developing countries. This study examined the antidiabetic effects of metformin (MET), glibenclamide (GLI) and repaglinide (REP) on biochemical parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The study will assess the efficacy of these standard drugs in managing the complications arising from diabetes mellitus. Alloxan (130 mg/kg BW)...
Stabilized rice bran extract: Acute and 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity with in vitro mutagenicity and genotoxicity study
November 2015
The toxicity of Egyptian stabilized rice bran extract (RBE) has been evaluated for acute and repeated 28 day oral toxicity with the outcome of genotoxicity. The extract was administered to female white albino rats at 2000 mg kg-1 for acute testing and to male and female rats at concentrations of 1000, 500, and 100 mg kg-1 for 28 days. Mutagenic potential was evaluated. Chromosomal and DNA damage using standard...
Factors influencing generics and fixed dose combinations recommendation by pharmacists for cardiology patients
November 2015
The goal of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and factors influencing generic medicines and fixed dose combination recommended by pharmacists for patients with cardiovascular diseases. The research is an inquiry among pharmacists working in community pharmacies. A questionnaire with 14 questions was distributed among 600 pharmacies and after the revision, 144 answers were proceeded. The questionnaire contains 8...
Gender-related differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of tramadol following intravenous and subcutaneous administration in dogs
November 2015
The kinetics of tramadol at 3 mg/kg was studied in twenty four local dogs (twelve males and twelve females), after a single intravenous and subcutaneous dose administration. Three milliliters of blood from the jugular vein were collected before and at 2, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45 min, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9 h post administration of tramadol from both groups with the exception of 2 min for subcutaneous group. The...
Assessment of Cassia siamea stem bark extracts toxicity and stability in time of aqueous extract analgesic activity
November 2015
Cassia siamea Lam (Fabaceae), widely used in tropical countries for its nutritional and pharmacological properties, has been toxicologically evaluated. Oral administration of aqueous (CSE4) and ethanol (CSE3) Cassia siamea stem bark extracts did not show mortality up to 3000 mg/kg in albinos Wistar rats. LD 50 of petroleum ether (CSE1) and dichloromethane (CSE2) extracts were estimated at 1300 and 1275 mg/kg...
Evaluation of neuropharmacological, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract of Centella asiatica (Gotu kola) in mice
November 2015
Continued research on traditional herbal drugs has become important than ever due to their increasing use and demand as food supplements and nutraceuticals. The standardized extract of Centella asiatia (L.) Urban (Apiaceae), commonly known as Gotu kola, was evaluated for neuropharmacological, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Neuropharmacological activities were performed on specifically design apparatus, whereas...
Anti-inflammatory effect and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the EtOAc extract from Panzeria alaschanica
October 2015
The aerial parts of Panzeria alaschanica are used to treat pelvic inflammation and chronic pelvic inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of P. alaschanica have been well known in folk medicine, which suggest that extracted components from P. alaschanica could potentially treat inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to discover the bioactive compounds of P. alaschanica. To achieve this, ethyl acetate...
Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant capacity and reducing potential of polyherbal drug Entoban
October 2015
Antioxidants are used as a persuasive remedial measure against overproduction of reactive oxygen species owing to their capacity to neutralize free radicals by oxidation. Immense interest has been observed in antioxidants of natural origin and their contribution in human health. The current investigation is undertaken to explore antioxidant capacity and reducing potential of Entoban syrup and capsules. In vitro...
Evaluation of drug prescribing practices in private and general hospitals in Makkah, Saudi Arabia
October 2015
The study of prescribing pattern is a significant constituent of medical review, which helps in monitoring, evaluating and building required modifications in the prescribing practices to attain a rational and cost effective medical care. The present study determined the trends in drug prescription pattern of clinicians in private and general hospitals in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. One thousand two hundred and thirty two...
Ginkgo bilobaL.: Phytochemical components and antioxidant activity
October 2015
Curative effects of Ginkgo biloba L. have been recognized for centuries, dating back to traditional Chinese medicine which used crushed leaves to treat several health problems. Although G. biloba L. has several known and investigated activities, the antioxidant activity of its extract (EGb 761) is particularly relevant because reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS) species are constantly produced in aerobic...
Medicinal plants used in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders in some parts of Southwest Nigeria
October 2015
An ethnobotanical survey of plants used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases was carried out in three local government areas (LGA) of Ibadan, Oyo State, South Western Nigeria. Twenty-eight respondents, which comprised traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs), herbalists, herb sellers and the elderly were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Focused group discussion was used to interview the TMPs...
Antimicrobial properties of the methanol leaf extract of Vernonia glaberrima Welw. Ex O. Hoffm (Asteraceae)
October 2015
The emergence of multi-drug resistant microbes necessitates a continuous search for newer, effective antimicrobial agents. The crude methanol leaf extract of Vernonia glaberrima was screened for its antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms including Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin resistant enterococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcusau reus, Helicobacter pylori,...
Camellia sinensis extract inhibits in vitro pancreatic lipase and has preventive effect on obesity in female rat fed a high-fat diet
October 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate eight plants extract for porcine pancreatic lipase inhibition, characterizing biochemically the extract with high inhibitory activity and its effects on preventing weight gain in female rat fed a high-fat diet (HFD). In vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition was carried out in ρ-nitrophenyl-laurate substrates and a double-reciprocal plot was used for inhibition mechanism...
Anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Tanshinone breast filler in mice
October 2015
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of Tanshinone breast filler (TBF) against cow mastitis. TBF on bacterial activity in vitro by the method of Oxford cup and the mice were treated by TBF before given the mixed bacterial by intraperitoneal injection in vivo. The effect of TBF against acute inflammation was studied by xylene-induced ear edema and egg...
In-vivo antiplasmodial activity of methanol whole plant extracts of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (DC) Danser in mice
October 2015
Aqueous preparations of the whole plant of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (DC) Danser growing on Parkia biglobosa tree are used by the nomads in Northern part of Nigeria for managing malaria, and many other ailments example, diabetes, fever, diarrhoea and wounds. To date, there are no efficacy or safety studies carried out to support its ethno-medicinal use in malaria management. This study aims to investigate the...
Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Holoptelea intrigofolia (Roxb.) planch fruit extract on laboratory animals
September 2015
The methanolic extract of the fruit of Holoptelea intrigofolia (Roxb) Planch was investigated for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in animal models. The extract at 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight reduced significantly the formation of edema induced by carrageenan. In the acetic acid-induced writhing model, the extract showed a good analgesic effect characterized by reduction in the number of writhes...
The role of artemether as a possible drug for treatment Blastocystis hominis infection: In vivo and in vitro studies
September 2015
The study is carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effect of treatment of artemether against Blastocystis hominis infection. In addition, transmission electron microscopic examination (TEM) and histopathological studies of B. hominis were carried out. The effect of artemether on Blastocystis viability showed reduction in viability 7 and 15% after 1 h in the group treated with 500 and700 µg/ml,...
Toxicity of food colours and additives: A review
September 2015
Majority of consumer goods are required to be presented with good aesthetics in order to improve acceptability in terms of colours and in some instances taste. When related to food, beverages and drug products, additives are usually added to mask un-inviting colours, obscure offensive odours and increase taste. Food additives therefore include colourants, sweeteners, preservatives and anti-caking agents. Admissible...
Do HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy influence multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes?
September 2015
The aim of this study was to find out whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection and antiretroviral drugs influence multidrug-resistant (MDR)-tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes. The study compares MDR-TB treatment outcomes between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. It involved patients admitted for treatment of MDR-TB between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2006. From 363 patients selected, 268 (177...
Larvicidal activity of Dalbergia brasiliensis (Fabaceae - Papilionoideae) on Aedes aegypti
September 2015
Dengue is a viral infectious disease, transmitted by mosquito of the genus Aedes. This work describes the in vivo toxicity analysis of the crude EtOH extract (EEC), hexanic (HF), chlorophormic (CF), ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions, of bark and leaves, and isoflavonoids, from Dalbergia brasiliensis, an arboreal species with wide distribution in Brazilian territory. When considering the issue of controlling the vector Aedes...
In vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic and phytochemical studies of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau leaf extracts
September 2015
An increasing demand for natural additives has drawn more interest from consumers due to their relatively safe and wide acceptance. The present work examines the potential of different solvent system of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau leaves as a source of natural antioxidant. We also screened for its phytochemical constituents and cytotoxicity toward breast cancer cell. In vitro antioxidant activity of the n-hexane,...
Nitrite, oxidation and color during shelf life of jerked beef
September 2015
The present study aims to characterize the shelf life time effect on residual levels of nitrite, lipid oxidation and color of commercial jerked beef. Twelve samples from four different manufacturers, were collected in three shelf time slots (0 to 60, 61 to 120 and 121 to 180 days) and their nitrite concentration, lipid oxidation (TBARS) and color parameters (colorimeter and preference by ranking test) were assessed. The...
In vitro and in vivo acaricidal efficacy study of amitraz and diazinon against some tick species infesting Camelus dromedarius around Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia
September 2015
Tick infestation is considered to be a major concern as ticks cause widespread distress, act as vectors of disease and affect the economic conditions of livestock-rearing. Although the use of chemicals is still the most effective method of tick control, uncontrolled applications may have accelerated the emergence of tick resistance to several active ingredients available. The present work estimated the efficacy of two...
Evaluation of the potential modulator of bacterial resistance, acute toxicity and chemical composition of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.
September 2015
In Brazil’s semi arid region, Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Anacardiaceae) is used in traditional medicine, but little is known about its chemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties. In this study, the phytochemical and biological potential of the extract of S. brasiliensis (EESb) was evaluated. The main secondary metabolites in EESb were quantified by spectroscopy in the visible region. The minimum...
Simultaneous determination and method validation of ranitidine hydrochloride and itopride hydrochloride by UV-spectrophotometery
September 2015
An UV spectrophotometric method using simultaneous equation was developed for the simultaneous determination of ranitidine and itopride in a binary mixture. In the proposed method, the signals were measured at 315.0 and 258.0 nm corresponding to absorbance maxima of ranitidine and itopride hydrochloric acid (HCl) in double distilled water, respectively. Linearity range was observed in the concentration range of 2 to 20...
Comparative study of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Commiphora opobalsamum with diclofenac in rodents
August 2015
This study aims to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Commiphora opobalsamum in rodents in comparison with diclofenac, and its ability to enhance the activity of diclofenac in reduced doses. Wister rats or Swiss mice (5 groups/ 6 each) were administered methalonic extract of C. opobalsamum, saline and diclofenac 30 min before the test initiation by i.p. route. The analgesic activities were...
Pharmacotherapy follow-up in elderly in a public outpatient clinic in Brasilia, Brazil
August 2015
The aging process is followed by an increase in the number of chronic diseases and, thus, the use of multiple medicines and prevalence of drug-related problems (DRP). This paper aims to identify the impacts of Pharmacotherapy follow-up (PF) in elderly with chronic non-communicable diseases while in polypharmacy using, in the public health service of Brazil. A prospective cohort study with 45 elderly of both sexes was...
Seeking efficacy in L-asparaginase to combat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): A review
August 2015
L-asparaginase, a potential anti-leukemic drug, is used in clinics for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and is obtained from bacterial origin (Escherichia coli and Erwinia carotovora). The efficacy of L-asparaginase has remained under discussion for bearing many limitations, such as, early clearance from blood plasma and therefore requires multiple administration and various side effects causing...
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of piperidine derivatives
August 2015
Six novel piperidine derivatives, compounds 5 to 10, have been synthesized and their antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activities evaluated using agar disc diffusion (antimicrobial) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity (antioxidant). Compound 9 revealed the least antibacterial activity. Compound 6 exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity and the best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results...
Phyto-pharmacological screenings of two Rubiaceae family plants
August 2015
In the present study, the ethanol extracts of two plant species namely Hymenodictyon excelsum Roxb. Wall and Mussaenda corymbosa Roxb. from the Rubiaceae family were screened for their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. Phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of important chemical moieties such as alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, falvonoids, saponins, reducing sugars etc. Extracts of M. corymbosa...
Metabolomic profiling, antioxidant capacity and in vitro anticancer activity of some compositae plants growing in Saudi Arabia
August 2015
The present study was conducted to evaluate the metabolic profiling, antioxidant capacity and anticancer activities of some common widely grown plants of the family Compositae. The total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, saponins, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were determined in the selected plant extracts. In vitro anticancer activity was also assessed using human...
Toxicity of four herbs used in erectile dysfunction;Mondia whiteii,Cola acuminata,Urtica massaica, and Tarenna graveolensin male rats
August 2015
In Sub-Saharan Africa, herbal medicines are commonly used for prevention or treatment of illnesses, including erectile dysfunction. Contemporary medicines used to manage erectile dysfunction are not only inaccessible to local populations, but also impose significant out-of-pocket expenditure on patients. Herbal medicines offer alternatives for alleviating erectile dysfunction, which has clinical, psychological and...
Effect of aqueous extract of Annona muricata seed on atherogenicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
August 2015
Poorly controlled diabetes has been implicated in lipoprotein abnormalities and hypertriglyceridemia in both human and experimental animals, which increase the risk of artherogenicity. The effect of annona muricata seed extract was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 30 days in order to evaluate its anti-atherogenic property by investigating lipid profile malondialdehyde and histology of the aorta. The...
Physical, chemical and microbiological quality of fillets and mechanically separated meat, and sensory evaluation of fillets of Nile Tilapia treated with homeopathic product
August 2015
Current assay evaluates the physical, chemical and microbiological quality of fillets and mechanically separated meat (MSM) plus the sensory aspects of fillets of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) treated with Homeopatila 100®. The moisture, fixed mineral residue, lipid, crude protein, pH, color, water activity (Aw), Staphylococcus coagulase, coliforms were reported at 45°C. Escherichia coli, Salmonella...
Household management of acute respiratory infections in children under five years in Kampala Uganda
August 2015
Acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) are the leading cause of deaths among the under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa. The irrational self-medication of childhood ARIs at households in Uganda delays access to quality healthcare. Limited studies focus on strengthening household management of ARI. This study evaluated the household management of ARI among children under five years of age with ARIs in Kampala,...
Effects of aqueous root bark extract of Citropsis articulata (Swingle & Kellerman) on sexual function in male rats
August 2015
About 80% of the world’s population uses herbal medicine for the treatment of various health conditions. Erectile dysfunction is one of the conditions commonly treated using traditional herbs on large scale. In this study, our goal was to determine the safety and effects of the aqueous root bark extract of Citropsis articulata on sexual function in male Wistar rats. This study aimed to carry out...
Properties of constituents from Maytenus gonoclada against Entamoeba histolytica and two leukemia cell strains
August 2015
Species of genus Maytenus represents promising sources of bioactive compounds, mainly pentacyclic triterpenes of medicinal interest. The properties of crude extracts and three known triterpenes obtained from branches and roots of Maytenus gonoclada, against Entamoeba histolytica and human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 (myeloid leukemia), and Jurkat (lymphocytic leukemia) cells were in vitro evaluated. For crude extracts,...
Evaluation of curcumin toxicity in rats through biochemical and hematological parameters
August 2015
Curcumin is a natural compound known for hepatic and nephroprotective actions, however, there is little research related to its possible side effects. The research aimed to study hematological, biochemical parameters and histopathology of hepatic and renal tissues to evaluate the effects of curcumin toxicity in male rats. A group of Wistar male rats (n = 10) was orally treated for five days with 100 mg/kg of curcumin...
Ameliorating effect of combination of simvastatin and residronate on glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis model in rats
July 2015
Osteoporosis is one of the major problems facing older people of both sexes. This study was undertaken to investigate the synergistic effects of combination of statins and bisphosphonates in a glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) model. Thirty rats were divided into five groups; control group (I), GIO group (II) (given oral prednisolone, pred 30 mg/kg, per 2 days for 6 weeks), group III (treated by pred +...
Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in 30 tuberculosis patients in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
July 2015
Isoniazid is a major component in tuberculosis (TB) treatment, which is often used in combination or alone as prophylaxis for its high efficiency on bacilli of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is responsible for an increased risk of developing serious liver side effects involving the prognosis of the patient. Its coinfection with HIV is currently a real public health problem. The purpose of this study was to establish the...
Brazil nut allergy: A review
July 2015
Tree nuts and their products are highly nutritive and beneficial to health. On the other hand, some of them can lead to development of allergic reactions, protein intolerance or liver diseases in some groups of consumers. Therefore, it is important to study the risks of tree nuts ingestion as a major issue for food regulators and the pharmaceutical industry safety. A review of surveillance and correlation to possible...
Effects of rice straw burning products on guinea pig lungs
July 2015
This study aims to investigate rice open field burning and their deleterious effects which has become an obvious problem in Egypt, which apparently affects the Egyptians´ lungs and increased hospital admission for pulmonary complaints. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate this phenomenon by using guinea pigs which were subjected to rice straws burning products (RSBP). The effects of RSBP on...
Incorporation of tannic acid in formulations for topical use in wound healing: A technological prospecting
July 2015
The tannic acid is a polyphenol with several properties that give it different applications, including leather and pharmaceutical industry. It belongs to the group of water soluble metabolites, and has the ability to complex macromolecules and metal ions, which gives it antioxidant, antimicrobial and healing activity. Therefore, such properties can be used to develop technologies related to wound healing systems. This...
Securinega virosa (Euphorbiaceae) root bark extract inhibits glioblastoma multiforme cell survival in vitro
July 2015
Securinega virosa Roxb (Ex Willd) is a commonly used medicinal plant in the management of inflammatory conditions and tumor in African traditional medicine. In this study, the effects of the crude methanol root bark extract and its fractions were evaluated on the survival of Glioblastoma mutiforme (GBM) tumor cells (U-1242) in vitro. The effects of the crude extract and its fractions on epidermal growth factor receptor...
Influence of a homeopathic product on performance and on quality flour and cookie (Grissini) of Nile tilapia
July 2015
Animals can also benefit from homeopathic remedies by having their immunological system and organic responses to stress reduction stimulated, as well as their balance reestablished. In this context, the objective of this study was to assess the performance of Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) treated with food containing a homeopathic product (Homeopatila 100®), as well as the physical, chemical, technological...
A review of ethnopharmacology of the commonly used antimalarial herbal agents for traditional medicine practice in Ethiopia
July 2015
Malaria is one of the parasitic infections that cause enormous public health, economic, and emotional burden in many tropical and subtropical countries of the world. Resistance of the vector mosquitoes to the current insecticides as well as the emergence of multidrug resistance by malaria parasite to widely used antimalarial drugs has made malaria control and treatment much more difficult. New alternative antimalarial...
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