Appraisal of antioxidant capacity and phytochemical screening in aqueous and acetone extracts of vegetables grown in Bhimber AJK, Pakistan
April 2017
The study was carried out to assess the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical constituents of acetone and water extracts of the vegetables irrigated with fresh and waste water such as Raphanus sativus (Radish), Brassica oleracea capitata (Cabbage), Brassica rapa (Turnip), Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) and Spinacia oleracea (Spinach). A concurrent quantitative investigation of total phenolics, flavonols and flavonoids...
Riparin III effect on the development of neural tube embryos of Gallus gallus
April 2017
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the teratogenicity of Riparin III in embryos of Gallus gallus (domestic) at an early stage of development. This study is unprecedented in the literature. Chicken eggs were used to investigate the morphometry. All the groups were incubated at 37.2 ± 0.1°C and 60 ± 5% relative humidity for 24 h. The embryonic disc was identified and the eggs of the control group...
Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. leaves extract on liver and kidney damage in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
April 2017
Hibiscus is commonly used traditionally for the treatment of some diseases such as hypertension and as antidiabetic herbal medicine. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of the oral administration of aqueous methanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves (400 mg/Kg) on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats and alteration in liver and kidney functions. The treatment of diabetic rats...
Drug-nutrient interaction in prescriptions for enteral feeding at the intensive care unit of a general hospital
March 2017
Patients undergo nutritional therapy so as to prevent malnutrition or worsening of the condition. When they are unable to receive oral nutrition, the most common form of physiological and nutritional therapy is through enteral nutrition (EN). The drug-nutrient interaction is described as occurring changes in the kinetics or dynamics of the drug or nutrient administered. The purpose of this study is to describe...
Actual practice of healthcare providers towards prevention and control of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at Borumeda Hospital, Ethiopia
March 2017
Tuberculosis (TB) is the world’s leading curable cause of infectious diseases mortality, with a disproportionate burden of the disease falling on low and middle income countries. In 2013, there was an estimated 9 million incident cases of TB globally and 1.5 million people died from the disease. The estimated number of cases occurred in Asia (56%) and Africa (25%), the incidence rates are highest, driven by high...
Nigella sativa L. oil ameliorates insulin resistance caused by dexamethasone treatment in male Wistar rats
March 2017
Dexamethasone is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid that may alter glucose and lipid homeostasis depending on the dose and/or duration of administration. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) can be used as potential modulator of intermediary glucose and lipid metabolism. Herein, the authors evaluated the dose-dependent effects of NSO (0.2 and 0.4 ml/kg body weight) supplementation on plasma glucose, insulin and triglyceride...
Pharmacological profile of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants
March 2017
The non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants have been approved since 2008 for the prevention of systemic embolism and stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with prior stroke, transient ischemic attack, or CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2. According to the latest guidelines of 2016, if CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 for all male patients or if CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥3 for all female patients, oral...
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic fraction of total ethereal leaf extract of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae)
February 2017
Annona senegalensis leaves are used in African Traditional Medicine as analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of total ethereal leaf extract (TEE) of A. senegalensis and its methanolic fraction (MF). Experiments were performed in acetic acid induced contortions in mice and carrageenan rat paw edema. The preventive effect of TEE (100 mg/kg,...
Essential oil compositions of leaf, stem-bark, stem, root, flower, and fruit with seed of Blighia unijugata Baker (Sapindaceae)
February 2017
Essential oils from six different parts of Blighia unijugata Bak., were obtained using Clevenger-type apparatus; they gave yields between 0.061 and 0.824%. Chemical constituents of the oils were determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analysis show forty-seven compounds are present in the leaf oil, twenty-one compounds are in stem-bark, twenty-four in stem oil, sixteen in...
Identification and quantification of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives in Cynara scolymus L. tablets and capsules
February 2017
Cynara scolymus L. leaves, popularly known as globe artichoke, have cholagogue and choleretic properties which are attributed to caffeoylquinic acid derivatives. Although, there are already pharmacopoeial methods for quality control of artichoke dry leaf extract, it only shows the assessment of chlorogenic acid determination. This study aimed to adapt and validate a method for simultaneous determination of...
Study of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of four common Nepalese kitchen spices
February 2017
Given the alarming incidence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria of medical importance and multiple side effects associated with the modern day chemotherapeutics, there is a constant need for new and effective therapeutic agents that could be easily extracted from our daily used Nepalese culinary. To study the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of common spices, locally available Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus),...
Pharmacological, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and diagnostic applications of sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae and bacteria
February 2017
Marine environment with rich biodiversity offer unlimited choice for novel biopolymers. Sulfated polysaccharides isolated from marine algae and bacteria constitute an important group in the marine-derived biomolecules and biopolymers. They possess unique structural features which can be exploited to their fullest potential in the development of new therapeutic molecules, design of nanocarriers and stimuli-responsive...
Antipseudomonal potential of Colophospermum mopane and Acrotome inflata, medicinal plants indigenous to Namibia
February 2017
Plants with diverse therapeutic properties are indigenous to Namibia. Concoctions of Colophospermum mopane and Acrotome inflata are widely used traditionally in the management of respiratory, gastrointestinal and wound infections. Limited studies have validated these traditional uses particularly against resistant bacteria strains such as Pseudomonas spp. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and...
Antiplasmodial activity of Vernonia cinerea Less (Asteraceae), a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso to treat malaria
February 2017
Research and development of new antiplasmodial molecules in plant is a very important way for the development of new anti-malarial drugs. In this study, Vernonia cinerea Less (Asteraceae) was selected for its promising antiplasmodial activity because it is traditionally used in Burkina Faso to treat malaria. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiplasmodial activity of this whole plant. Five crude extracts of...
Impact of liraglutide versus atorvastatin on cardiovascular changes in rat model of adenine induced chronic renal failure
January 2017
The prevalence of cardiovascular changes markedly increases with deterioration of patient's renal function and can stack up 65 to 70% in end-stage renal disease. A rapid fall in renal function is often associated with uncontrolled congestive heart failure. Beyond their lipid-lowering effect, statins have been shown to protect the heart in different diseases. Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue,...
Use of phytoterapics and medicines without professional prescription in a municipality Potiguar, Brazil
January 2017
The use of herbal medicines or drugs without professional prescription is a recurrent practice in several regions of Brazil. This action generates risks to the user, such as intoxication, masking of disease symptoms and important pharmacological interactions. The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of phytotherapeutic and drug use, without professional prescription, among residents of the municipality of...
Investigation of biological activities of Jasminum matthewii
January 2017
The crude methanol extract of leaves of Jasminum matthewii as well as its hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates were subjected to screening for antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and central nervous system depressant activity assays. The antioxidant potential was evaluated in terms of total phenolic content and free...
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and phytochemical investigation of Borassus flabellifer Linn.
January 2017
The determination of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and isolation of active compounds from Borassus flabellifer Linn. are the main objectives of this study. The colorimetric method and chromatographic technique were done for bioassay and phytochemistry. The results showed that, at concentration of 2 mg/ml, ethyl acetate extract inhibited α-glucosidase equally as positive standard, acarbose as 80% while...
Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of ethanol extract of Ajuga remota Benth (Harmegusa) leaves in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
January 2017
The leaves of Ajuga remota benth have been utilized traditionally for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus. However, its use has not been scientifically validated. The present study was therefore, aimed to assess the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of ethanol extract of A. remota leaves in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of...
Determination of bioactive constituents of Rauwolfia vomitoria Afzel (Asofeyeje) roots using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR)
January 2017
Rauwolfia vomitoria Aftzel belong to the family of Apocynacea with a common name serpent wood and Igbo name as akanta. It is used traditionally to treat hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis. The present study deals with GC-MS determination and FT-IR analysis of methanolic root extract of the named plant. Exactly thirty phytochemical constituents have been identified by comparing the chromatogram peek values of unknown...
Screening of some pyrazole derivatives as promising antileishmanial agent
January 2017
Pyrazole derivatives (I-VII) were prepared in good yields using aldol condensation followed by cyclization and were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. In vitro antileishmanial activity test was conducted using Alamar blue reduction method. The test revealed that the synthesized compounds (except compound IIb) exhibit better antileishmanial activity than the standard drug miltefosine and...
Acute oral toxicity of Euphorbia heterophylla Linn. ethanolic extract in albino mice
January 2017
This study was carried out to determine acute oral toxicity and histopathological effects associated with consumption of Euphorbia heterophylla ethanolic extract using 9 to 10 weeks old Albino mice randomized in six groups. The five groups were orally administered with single graded doses of plant extract at 1500, 2000, 2500, 3500 and 4000 mg/kg body weight while the sixth group was administered 1 ml of physiological...
Anti-ulcerogenic evaluation of the fractions of the ethanol layer of the chloroform-ethanol extract of the leaves of Dacryodes edulis
January 2017
In traditional medicine, the leaves of Dacryodes edulis are utilised in the treatment of gastric ulcer and hence, the chloroform and ethanol layers of the chloroform-ethanol extract of the leaves of D. edulis were evaluated for their anti-oxidant vitamin contents and proximate compositions. Based on preliminary investigations, the more promising layer (ethanol layer) was further fractionated and the effects of the...
Phytanic acid, a daily consumed chlorophyll-yielded phytol bio-metabolite: A comprehensive review
December 2016
An important chlorophyll-derived diterpenoid essential oil, phytol (PYT) bio-metabolite, phytanic acid (PA) has a number of pathophysiological contributions. The PA metabolism and its plasma levels associated phenomena are continuously being researched on. This study aims to look at the complete current scenario of PA. The findings suggest that PA has anti-diabetic, cytotoxic, anticancer and anti-teratogenic activities....
Phytopharmaceutical properties of herbal teas circulating in the Nigerian market
December 2016
We report herein some phytopharmaceutical properties of commonly marketed teas in Nigeria. The organoleptic and physicochemical properties such as color, odor, physical appearance as well as ash value, moisture content, flow properties, pH and solubility were interrogated using standard methods as the measure of their phytopharmaceutical properties. The results show that, all the teas were coarse in nature and the...
Evaluation of antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of Guettarda uruguensis flowers and fruits
December 2016
Antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of extracts and fractions from flowers and fruits of G. uruguensis were evaluated. Total phenolic content ranged between 406.8 ± 20.47 and 57.98 ± 1.734 gallic acid equivalent in mg g-1 (mg GAE g-1) samples. Ethyl acetate and butanol fractions from flowers had the greatest rates in phenolic content and antioxidant activity in...
Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) pod extract decreases fertility in female but not male rats
December 2016
The administration of Mesquite pod extract (containing mesquitol, daidzein and genistein) to female and male rats disrupts reproductive variables. However, its effect on fertility is not known. This study evaluated fertility in male and female rats treated with mesquite pod extract, comparing its effects with those of daidzein and estradiol. The following treatments were given for 30 days to groups of female and male...
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açai): an old known plant with a new perspective
December 2016
The açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart) fruit pulp is extensively used in Brazil as food among other uses. The health benefits of açai are largely reported by the Amazon inhabitants. Nonetheless, just a few pharmacological and toxicological studies were made to probe the innocuousness and the safety of the use of this product. The aims of this work were to update knowledge about the chemical composition,...
Validation of tools for the evaluation of pharmaceutical services: A systematic review
December 2016
The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate studies that performed the validation of tools applied to health evaluation with a focus on pharmaceutical services. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify validation studies involving pharmaceutical services. The search for articles strategy was held in databases: EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and CINHAL. The descriptors used were:...
Progress test: A review to motivate their use in pharmacy schools in Brazil
December 2016
Progress Test (PrT) is a longitudinal assessment strategy in which tests composed of contents from all the curriculum are periodically applied to all students of a course. Such strategy allows measurement of deep, long-lasting meaningful learning as well as early detection and remediation of underperforming students. It was introduced more than forty years ago, and it has been used in several health schools in the...
Drug use and prescription pattern at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UDUVTH), Sokoto; A ten-year retrospective study (2006-2015)
December 2016
A ten year (2006 – 2015) retrospective study was conducted using records from the case files of patients handled at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UDUVTH) in order to ascertain the pattern and problems associated with drug prescriptions in the management of diseases presented to the hospital. The results obtained show that, a total number of 622 patients comprising cattle (4.80%),...
Myelo-protective and haematopoietic effects of seed extract fractions of Phoenix dactylifera in Wistar rats
November 2016
Myelo-protective and haematopoietic effects of seed extract fractions (SEF) of Phoenix dactylifera were investigated in Wistar rats. The acute toxicity of the SEF were determined in mice (n=12). Wistar rats (n=45), aged 2 to 3 months and weighing 150 to 220 g were grouped into 9, labeled (A to I). Groups A to D were intraperitoneally-induced for myelo-suppression with 3 mg/kg bodyweight (b.wt) of cyclophosphamide for 7...
Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, reducing, lipoxygenase and ACE inhibition activity of polyherbal drug linkus
November 2016
Oxidative, reductive, lipoxygenase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activities are the condition where there is an inequity among concentrations can cause a multiple pathological effects. Vast results of medical plants and the remarkable contribution on humans has been observed since centuries. The current study has showed the antioxidant, lipoxygenase, ACE inhibition, urease activity and reducing ability in...
Comparative phytochemical studies and anti-inflammatory activities of Desmodium velutinum (Willd) and Desmodium scorpiurus Desv. (Family Papilionaceae) growing in Nigeria
November 2016
Members of the genus Desmodium are widespread in the sub-tropics, tropics and used in traditional medicine, as part of recipes for treating fever, pains, cough and dysentery. In this study, phytochemical screening and comparative anti-inflammatory activities of the methanol extracts, hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of the leaves of Desmodium velutinum and Desmodium scorpiurus were investigated using the...
Antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxicity studies from flavonoid rich fraction of Enicostemma axillare (LAM.) raynal leaves
November 2016
The aim of this research was to explore the in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities of flavonoid rich fraction from the leaves of Enicostemma axillare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed by Folin–Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride method respectively. Antioxidant activities of this plant was confirmed on the source of ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl...
Development, characterization and assessment of botulinum toxin type A incorporated in nanocarriers
November 2016
Botulinum toxin type A is one of the most used products in mitigation of wrinkles and expression lines by promoting muscle paralysis. Because of their hydrophilic and high molecular mass, this active has low permeability through the skin. Thus, to exert its action as rejuvenation agent, botulinum toxin needs to be applied through intramuscular injections, causing pain and discomfort to the patient. An alternative to...
Use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in experimental models for biological assay with natural products
November 2016
Research on natural products is facing significant difficulty. The analysis "high-throughput screening" has limited effectiveness in their evaluation. This report on in vitro screening of pharmacological activity of the drugs candidate molecule by evaluating a single target. The presence of many substances in a natural extract makes this process unprecise. The zebrafish (Danio rerio, ZF) is well suited to...
Antinociceptive and antioxidant activity of Calliandra umbellifera Benth
November 2016
The genus, Calliandra is popularly used for renal pain, cystitis, prostate inflammation, fever and toothache. This study aimed at investigating the antinociceptive activity of methanolic crude extract (MCE) of Calliandra umbellifera, regarding chemical (acetic acid, formalin and glutamate tests) of nociception (in vivo) and the methanolic extract and hidrobutanolic phase (HBF) antioxidant activity by the...
Effect of hydroethanolic extract from Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
November 2016
Calophyllum brasiliense (Cb) belongs to the Clusiaceae family and it is generally used for diabetes treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic effect of Cb’s hydroethanolic extract (CBE) on diabetic induced rats by streptozotocin and evaluate the content of polyphenols and tannins of the extract. The polyphenols and tannins evaluation in the extract were determinated by a...
Phenytoin: Is it genotoxic in isolated cultured human lymphocytes without metabolic activation by S9?
November 2016
There are many conflicting reports around the phenytoin (PHT)-induced genotoxic effect especially in the in-vitro studies. PHT was claimed to cause genotoxic effect by the oxidative stress of its metabolic intermediates. However, by reviewing the distribution and activity of the enzymes responsible for PHT metabolism, we found that PHT is rarely metabolized by human lymphocytes. So that, we will use isolated cultured...
Biochemical and histological evaluation of benzo[a]pyrene induced nephrotoxicity and therapeutic potentials of Combretum zenkeri leaf extract
November 2016
This study determined the therapeutic effect of ethanol leaf extract of Combretum zenkeri on kidney function of rats exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. Male Wistar albino rats were treated with ethanol leaf extract of C. zenkeri (400 mg/kg) in the presence or absence of BaP (200 mg/kg) for four weeks. The blood obtained at the end of the treatment was processed into serum and used for biochemical analyses and kidney...
Analgesic and central nervous system depressant activities of methanol extract of Ziziphus rugosa Lam. Leaves
October 2016
The present investigation was designed to evaluate the analgesic and central nervous system (CNS) depressant activities of the methanolic extract of Ziziphus rugosa Lam. in rat model. The analgesic activity of the extract was examined using acetic acid-induced writhing test (chemically induced pain) at the doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight. Further, the CNS depressant activity of the plant extract was evaluated by...
Development of nano particle encapsulated pemulen gel for aceclofenac topical delivery
October 2016
Management of rheumatic disorders are limited by the inability to provide long-term drug delivery due to the irritation to gastric mucosa and poor availability of drugs, which may be overcome by prolonging the drug release. The nanostructured carriers (NP)based gel was developed as potential topical system for aceclofenac topical delivery. In the present study, chitosan-sodium alginate...
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the hydroethanol extract and fractions of the bark of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.
October 2016
This study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects from the inner bark of Mimosa tenuiflora. The hydroethanol extract (HEE) and its hexane (HXF), chloroform (CLF), ethyl acetate (EAF) and hydromethanol (HMF) fractions were prepared and submitted to phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity. In vivo anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by using 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate...
Experimental evaluation of wound healing activity of Croton macrostachyus in rat
October 2016
Croton macrostachyus leaves are used for treatment of wounds by traditional healers in Ethiopia. Despite the use of this plant in the treatment of wound, there is limited data to support its medicinal use. The present study provides scientific evaluation for the wound healing potential of methanolic extract of C. macrostachyus leaves in rats. The leaves of Croton macrostachyus were studied for the presence of some...
Securing the pharmaceutical supply chain: A study of the use of Mobile Authentication Service (MAS) among the Nigerian populace utilizing antimalarials
October 2016
This study investigated the effectiveness of the Mobile Authentication Service (MAS) introduced on antimalarial medicines (AMs) in curbing the incidences of counterfeiting for this group of pharmaceuticals. The assessment of the knowledge, attitude and use of the technology by Nigerian citizens, uncovering areas of deficit as well as proffering recommendations on the current use pattern of MAS by Nigerians was carried...
In vivo antioxidant and lipid peroxidation effect of various extracts from aerial parts of Chomelia asiatica (Linn) in rat fed with high fat diet
October 2016
The present investigation was to examine the in vivo antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation activities of different extracts of aerial parts of Chomelia asiatica (Linn). High fat diet rats demonstrated fundamentally decreased the levels of tissues enzymatic antioxidant and non-enzymatic antioxidant (Glutathione). The level of thiobarbuturic acid reactive substance (TBARS) is reduced in high-fat diet (HFD) rats when...
Criteria for the bioanalytical method and its application in dermatopharmacokinetic (DPK) study in pig skin (ex vivo) using metronidazole
October 2016
Conventional pharmacokinetic profiles of drugs are described mainly by plotting drug plasma concentration versus time. However, topical drugs are designed to target local tissue and, as such, have limited systemic absorption. For these drugs, the pharmacokinetic measurements in the local tissue (skin) are of more importance than systemic measurements. In this context, this study aims to develop and discuss the...
Artemisinin combination therapy use in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
October 2016
There is an alarming rise in treatment failures from artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). The aim of this study was to access the therapeutic effectiveness of ACT in the market and the rate of re-occurrence of malaria shortly after completion of therapy. The rate of adherence to therapy and relapse rate of four hundred volunteers, who recently treated malaria, were assessed using quantitative interview-semi structured...
Chronic toxicity assessment of crude ethanolic extract of Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl. leaves in albino Wistar rats
October 2016
Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl. is a medicinal plant widely distributed in USA, but it has not yet been investigated extensively. Some pharmacochemical studies were performed at the Federal University of Paraiba, and the components of the crude ethanolic extract were identified; one of them was a tiliroside, which has already been shown to have excellent anti-inflammatory activity that can inhibit the...
Page 6 of 46, showing 50 records out of 2258 total, starting on record 251, ending on 300
Advertisement
Advertisement
