Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the leaves, stem-barks extracts and fractions of Ochna schweinfurthiana F.Hoffm (Ochnaceae)
May 2016
The present study evaluates the in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaves and stem-barks extracts and fractions of Ochna schweinfurthiana. To this effect, the different extracts were obtained by maceration in four solvents namely ethyl acetate, methanol, acetone and water- ethanol mixture (20-80). The methanol extract which exhibited the best antioxidant activity was partitioned in hexane and ethyl acetate. The ethyl...
Larvicidal potential of Mikania glomerata SPRENGEL extract on Ancylostoma caninum larvae
May 2016
Parasitic diseases are seen as indicators of a country’s socioeconomic development, constituting a major public health problem as they cause direct health problems related to the lack of piped water, no sewage system, and lack of orientation. Contamination by the geohelminth Ancylostoma spp, causes the Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM), also known as "sandworms", presenting skin lesions of linear and...
Effect of plants extracts on the growth of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus
April 2016
The purpose of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of cardamom, cinnamon, ginger, cloves and myrrha extracts on the inhibition of Candida albicans and two isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and in different concentrations. The results showed that the aqueous extract of spices have no inhibitory effect on the growth of the tested microbes, while, that two types of the...
Cytotoxicity, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from Eupatorium ballotifolium Kunth (Asteraceae)
April 2016
This study aimed to characterize chemically and evaluate the cytotoxicity and antioxidant, antifungal and modulatory activities of the essential oil of Eupatorium ballotifolium, collected in the mountainous region of Meruoca in the state of Ceará. The antioxidant activity was investigated by the free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and β-carotene/linoleic-acid oxidation model...
Therapeutic and preventive effects of Commiphora gileadensis against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic injury in albino rats
April 2016
Commiphora gileadensis is a tree in the burseraceae family, cultivated widely in Hadhramaut governorate (Yemen) and known locally as “Besham“ or Balsam” used traditionally for many ailments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and preventive effects of C. gileadensis against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) -induced hepatic injury in albino rats. 40 albino rats were divided randomly into five...
Influence of polymorphism of adenosine triphosphate binding cassette on oral drug absorption
April 2016
Administration of drugs via oral route is the most common and convenient. Three major factors can affect drug absorption from this route: physiologic, physicochemical and formulation. Drug absorption mainly takes place in small intestine after oral administration. Within the small intestine, there are 2 major families of proteins involved in transport that have significant roles on drugs absorption:...
Antioxidant and antinociceptive effect of the hydroethanolic extract and fractions of the bark of Bowdichia virgilioides in orofacial pain
April 2016
Bowdichia virgilioides is used by the population for treating inflammation in general. This study evaluated the antinociceptive activity and possible mechanisms of action of hydroethanolic extract (HEE) and hexane (HXF), chloroform (CLF), ethyl acetate (EAF) and hydromethanol (HMF) fraction of HEE obtained from the plant stem bark against orofacial pain, as well as in vitro its antioxidant effect on the scavenging of...
Phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of extracts from medicinal plant Olea africana
April 2016
Increase in prevalence of resistant microorganisms especially to synthetic drugs, has necessitated the need to search for new bioactive compounds having natural origin. Phytochemical investigation of Olea africana extracts afforded two triterpenoids namely erythrodiol and uvaol which were obtained through repeated column chromatography. The compounds were characterized using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy...
Antioxidant properties of antiepileptic drugs levetiracetam and clonazepam in mice brain after in vitro-induced oxidative stress
April 2016
This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the novel anticonvulsant levetiracetam and benzodiazepine clonazepam. To do this, the mice brain homogenates were incubated with levetiracetam (50, 100 or 200 ïg/ml) or clonazepam (50, 100 or 200 ïg/ml), and then, submitted to heating at 37°C for 1 h. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C, 200 ïg/ml) was used as reference antioxidant drug. The markers of...
Steady-state bioequivalence study of clozapine psychotic patients in Brazil
April 2016
The present work aimed to compare the relative bioavailability of Zolapin with 100 mg tablet Leponex as a reference formulation, through a simple, robust and low-cost bioequivalence assays method. The study design was multiple-dose, randomized, crossover with patients in steady-state, and was performed with 24 schizophrenic male patients. Subjects received 100 mg twice a day of either Leponex or Zolapin for 10 days. At...
In- vivo and vitro bioactivities of the essential oil of Duguetia lanceolata branches
April 2016
The present study investigated the in- vivo and vitro bioactivities of the essential oil of Duguetia lanceolata branches (EODL) and caryophyllene oxide (CO). The chemical composition of EODL was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, hot plate and tail-immersion methods were used to evaluate the antinociceptive effect in mice. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested by carrageenan-induced paw...
Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Xanthoxylum fraxineum
April 2016
Purpose of this study was to standardize the drug Xanthoxylum fraxineum by performing chemical analysis including FTIR and to evaluate its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties as the drug has folkloric uses as an anti- inflammatory, antispasmodic and analgesic agent. Chemical analysis revealed presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phytosterols. Mice were employed to determine the analgesic activity by...
In vivo hypoglycemic effect of ethanol extract and its fractions of Rhaphidophora glauca (Wall.) Schott leaves with area under curve (AUC) during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
April 2016
This study was carried out to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of ethanol extract and its chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of Rhaphidophora glauca (Wall.) Schottleaves in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic mice (in vivo). Area under curve (AUC) was also calculated during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Ethanol extract and its fractions of R. glauca leaves at 400 and 800 mg/kg doses significantly (P...
Efficacy and effectiveness of drug treatments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A systematic review with meta-analysis
April 2016
The results of published studies with various neuroprotectors seeking to preserve motor neuron function and improve survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have poor evidence in humans, although there are several studies in animal models with positive results. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on drug treatment options and survival times in animal models and patients with amyotrophic lateral...
Impact of cooking and conservation for twelve days on total polyphenols content, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of red onion
April 2016
The objective of this work was to determine the impact of three cooking modes (boiling, steaming and microwaving) and the conservation of onion at 4°C for 12 days on total polyphenol, flavonoid, tannins, phenolic acids contents antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity of red onion: Allium cepa. The results showed that the three cooking modes caused an increase of the levels of total polyphenols, flavonoids and...
Evaluation of clinical parameters in people living with HIV undergoing pharmacotherapeutic monitoring: Viral load, CD4+ T lymphocytes and adherence to antiretrovirals
March 2016
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical indicators (viral load- VL, CD4 lymphocytes and adherence) of HIV+ patients, at the beginning of treatment with antiretrovirals (ARV), during pharmacotherapeutic monitoring (PTM) in a specialized center in Fortaleza, Ceará. The longitudinal study, according to the Dáder method, was used for patients with HIV (n = 100) from 2008 to 2012, beginning at the...
Anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activity of the leaf aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Melanthera scandens in a rat model
March 2016
Modern drug therapy of epilepsy is complicated by the inability of drugs to control seizures in some patients and side effects that range in severity from minimal impairment of the central nervous system to death from aplastic anemia or hepatic failure. Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy have been scientifically shown to possess promising anticonvulsant activities in animal...
Effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf products on haematological indices, lipid profile and hepatic parameters of hyperlipidemic rat
March 2016
Previously, we demonstrated that Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf contains various secondary metabolites including saponins, tannins and oxalates, which are known to possess documented pharmacological activities. In this present study, we investigated the effects of the leaf products on haematological indices, lipid profile and hepatic parameters using Wistar albino rat bioassay. Data suggested that though the haemoglobin...
Evaluation of the compliance of women with breast cancer to treatment in a reference hospital in a city of North-east, Brazil
March 2016
For the translation, transcultural adaptation and a pilot test of the instrument were done. Also, the compliance of the breast cancer patients to the treatment was measured. The questionnaire “Cancer Patient Self-Report Questionnaire Non-Adherence” was translated and adapted; and a pilot test with 30 patients was performed. For this study, the questionnaire, Morisky-Green test, was also used. A hundred and...
The prevalence of malaria and its therapeutic implication: A case study of Katcha Community
March 2016
Malaria is highly endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Nigeria. In view of this, the prevalence of malaria in Katcha community of Nupeland, was studied. The data presented were collated from Munawwarat Hospital. A total of 6,193 registered cases were treated. The medical cases were registered between January, 2000 and December, 2004 and malaria cases were identified using clinical signs...
Antibacterial and antifungal activities of indican (indoxyl β-D-glucoside)
March 2016
Indican (Indoxyl β-d-glucoside), plant pigments found in true Indigo, are present in Indigofera genus plants, fungi and human urine. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal activities of this pigment using the microdilution method. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Candida...
Orthogonal test design for optimization of the isolation and purification of total favonoids from Artemisia frigida Willd using macroporous resin chromatography
March 2016
In the present study, the authors aimed to use an orthogonal test design to optimize conditions for isolating and purifying total flavonoids from Artemisia frigida Willd (A. frigida) using macroporous resins. An orthogonal L9(3)4 test design was applied to select the optimum isolation and purification parameters, including the volume of sample solution, flow rate of adsorption and eluent concentration and volume. The...
DPPH radical scavenging and lipoxygenase inhibitory effects in extracts from Erythrina senegalensis (Fabaceae) DC
March 2016
Erythrina senegalensis DC (Fabaceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso (West Africa) to cure several diseases such as malaria, rheumatism, abdominal pain, fibroma and infections which are always accompanied by oxidative stress. This study aimed to highlight the antioxidant activities in dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of E. senegalensis stem bark and roots. We used the 1, 1...
Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Cordia globosa
March 2016
Cordia globosa is used to treat gastrointestinal diseases in San Rafael Coxcatlan, Puebla, Mexico; however, its medicinal properties have not been investigated. This study reports the chemical composition and the antimicrobial effect of C. globosa essential oil. The essential oil of aerial parts was obtained by steam distillation and 25 compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major...
Bioinorganic elemental content of the Ghanaian aphrodisiac medicinal plant, Paullina pinnata Linn. (Sapindaceae)
March 2016
Macro and micro element content of dried roots sample of Paullinia pinnata Linn. (Sapindaceae) in Ghana were analyzed using energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) technique. The aim was to study the possible quantitative correlation between the measured elements and the traditional usage of the plant in the treatment of sexual dysfunction or enhancing/sustaining penile erection. The analyses yielded forty-five...
Acceptability of culinary preparations based on different ground beef grades
March 2016
This work aims to evaluate the acceptability of culinary preparations formulated with different ground beef grades. Three standards of ground meat samples offered as special, first and second were purchased from local retail shops in Brazil and had its composition and collagen content determined. Culinary preparations were elaborated as meat sauce (braised); meatloaf (roasted) and hamburger patty (fried) evaluating...
Cytotoxic effect of Plectranthus neochilus extracts in head and neck carcinoma cell lines
March 2016
Following a tendency of studying the potential effects of plant extracts to cancer, this study aimed to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxic activity of Plectranthus neochilus (PN) extracts and its fractions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and assess their tumor specificity. MTT assay was conducted with two HNSCC cell lines, FaDu (hypopharynx carcinoma) and SCC-25 (tongue carcinoma), one...
Design, synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic activity of Delavayin A: A cyclic hexapeptide
March 2016
Synthesis of new drug for anticancer activity has always been fascinating and interesting for researchers. Increase in the demand for new anticancer agents promotes the researchers for synthesizing new molecules with good activity on human cancer cell lines. Here design, synthesis and cytotoxic, antimicrobial activity of delavayin A is described. The structure of this synthesized compound was confirmed by (IR), 1H NMR,...
Phytochemical screening and haematological studies of Parquetina nigrescens ethanol and chloroform leaves extracts in normal albino rats
March 2016
The effects of crude ethanol-chloroform extract of Parquetina nigrescens leaves on the haematological parameters of normal albino rats were investigated at dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (b.w). Acute toxicity study (LD50) and phytochemical constituents of the extracts were also evaluated. Thirty (30) male Wistar rats were grouped into five (5) of 6 rats each (n = 6). Group A: Control; administered 2 ml of normal...
Did drug availability in Malawian central hospitals improve after the conversion of central medical stores to a trust?
March 2016
Malawian public hospitals have reportedly been experiencing a lot of shortages in medicines and medical supplies in recent years. This was at least in part, attributed to the traditional placement of the drug supply system under the Ministry of Health, and therefore a change in the organizational set-up was implemented in 2011. This study aimed at finding out if the availability of medicines in central hospitals in...
Supercritical fluid and pharmaceutical applications. Part I: Process classification
March 2016
The supercritical fluid technology has been target of many pharmaceuticals investigations in particles production for almost 35 years. This is due to the great advantages it offers over others technologies currently used for the same purpose. A brief history is presented, as well the classification of supercritical technology based on the role that the supercritical fluid (carbon dioxide) performs in the...
Optimizing community effectiveness of antimalarial drugs in malaria-endemic areas of Africa: Issues, challenges, and proposed actions
March 2016
Malaria remains a disease of public health concern, which is associated with high mortality and morbidity, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This picture is mainly due to low effectiveness of antimalarials at the community level, a scenario caused by different factors related to the availability, quality, and efficacy of antimalarials as well as the degree of the patients’ and providers’ adherence to...
Evaluation of the extracts of Morinda lucida and Tridax procumbens for anti-trypanosomal activity in mice
February 2016
A major problem besetting the chemotherapy of African Trypanosomiasis is parasite resistance to the few available drugs, and a known strategy is to use combination of drugs to overcome parasite drug resistance. An attempt has been made in this study to explore the potential of Tridax procumbens and Morinda lucida individually as single therapy and as combination therapy in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. The effective...
Combination of lauric acid and myristic acid prevents benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms in animal model
February 2016
Benign and uncontrolled growth of prostate gland is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is a common health issue that affects 8% of all men at the age of 40, 60% of men in their 70s, and 90% of those greater than 80 years of age. In this study, we investigated whether a combination of lauric and myristic acid improved BPH in a testosterone propionate (TP)-induced model of BPH in rats. BPH was induced in the...
Biochemical parameters and Histomorphometric cardicac evaluation among Wistar rats treated with chia seed (Salvia hispânica L.): Experimental model
February 2016
The advance of global economy affects developing countries that are facing a major public health problem. The prevalence of obesity triggers a series of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Several studies have suggested that the chia seed (Salvia hispânica L.) may be an alternative to combat NCDs, as it is rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). This research is an experimental work in which 24 Wistar rats were...
The effect of surfactant above and below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the mathematical models used to determine the kinetics of drug release from the matrix system
February 2016
The liberation of propranolol HCl from a controlled release matrix, containing the hydrophilic polymer, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) and the hydrophobic polymer, Eudragit RL 100 (RL 100) as excipients, was studied. The influences of surface active agents on the dissolution rate of the drug were examined. Tablets were made by direct compression methods. The dissolution tests were performed by using the basket...
Medicinal plants used in hepatic dysfunction
February 2016
This study aimed to perform a survey about medicinal plants used in the treatment of the hepatic dysfunction commercialized by healers (salespeople) in the São José Market - Recife/Pernambuco and São Joaquim Street Market in Salvador/Bahia - Brazil. The place to obtain them, preparation methods and used parts of the medicinal plants, knowledge about plants, age and gender of the healers were also...
Antidiabetic activity of Annona crassiflora (Annonaceae)
February 2016
Researches have shown that marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart.) contains many biologically active phytochemical classes with antidiabetic properties. Therefore, in order to obtain scientific data that contribute to a better insight of the species, integrating both safety and efficacy to the practice of using the plant as medicine, the study of A. crassiflora Mart. leaves was chosen. To evaluate the possible effect of A....
Evaluation of ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn for antitumor activity
February 2016
Given the concern about to the high incidence of cancer and low specificity of available antineoplasic drugs, Morinda citrifolia Linn is a tropical plant species with wide distribution, which had its consumption widely spread both because it is a source of nutrients and its phytotherapic properties as well as for its adaptation. The potential of tumor inhibition was done in vivo against Ehrlich Carcinoma and Sarcoma...
Pharmacological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bombax buonopozense in the relief of pain and fever
February 2016
Bombax buonopozense is used in traditional medicine in Nigeria for the treatment of pains and feverish conditions. This study was orally carried out to establish the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties of an aqueous stem bark extract of Bombax buonopozense in experimental animals. The analgesic activity was measured using the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and water tail imgmersion tests....
Preclinical assessment of the acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl ("jangadeira")
January 2016
Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl is a plant of the Malvaceae family that is popularly known as white velvet leaf (“jangadeira” and “malva-malva” in Brazil). Species of this family are used in folk medicine as diuretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic agents. This study evaluated the acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of a crude ethanolic extract of W. periplocifolia. Acute...
Effect of propolis on the reproductive toxicity induced by deltamethrin in male albino rats
January 2016
The author has requested the retraction of this article.
Prophylactic administration of a Propionibacterium acnes-killed preparation increases survival in animals with polymicrobial sepsis via the nitric oxide and TNF-α pathway
January 2016
Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a gram-positive anaerobic microorganism present in human skin, and has being widely used in clinical trials as a suitable candidate for therapeutic approach to sepsis. A previous study performed by our research group demonstrated that a P. acne killed preparation had an important immunomodulatory role in severe sepsis. Hence, this study we evaluated the...
Preparation of sertraline-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and the pharmacokinetics studies
January 2016
Sertraline is a worldwide used antidepressant for perinatal depression. However, the secreting of sertraline into milk arose the concerns for the potentially negative effects on breastfed infants. The present study aims to alter the biodistribution of sertraline by loading the drug into chitosan-nanoparticles. Our results demonstrated an effective way to load the water-soluble sertraline into nanoparticles, and keep the...
Susceptibility of Blastocystis hominis to monolaurine (Lauric acid), lactoferine (Lactobacillus acidophillus) and metronidazole: An in vitro and in vivo studies
January 2016
Blastocystis hominis is an unusual enteric protozoan of human and animals. Natural products are not only the basis for traditional or ethnic medicine, but also provides highly successful new regimen for human welfare. Meronidazole constitutes a mainstay and is also traditionally considered first line therapy for treatment of Blastocystosis. However, the therapy is complicated due to different dosages and regimens...
A study on the prescription pattern of drugs in Jazan general hospital, KSA
January 2016
Inappropriate drug prescribing is a global problem affecting the healthcare system. This study was performed to assess the drug prescribing pattern in geriatric, paediatric and obstetrics and gynaecology department. Patient's chances of exposure to poly pharmacy are more, therefore, this study was carried out to find out the rational use of prescribed drugs in Jazan general hospital. A prospective cross sectional...
A review on corrective action and preventive action (CAPA)
January 2016
The primary objective behind corrective action and preventive action (CAPA) in any pharmaceutical or medical device industry is to determine the weakness, deviation or failures and to carry out its investigation with appropriate actions so that such problems are not repeated again. CAPA is also a method in which preventive measures are taken in the beginning itself so that occurrence of any incidence can be prevented....
Investigating extemporaneous compounding practices in the Polokwane tertiary hospital pharmacies in South Africa - a pilot study
December 2015
Medicine availability is an important aspect of providing good quality healthcare. Some medicines are available in doses that are not suitable for a specific population group such as children or geriatric patients. Manipulation of the existing medication is undertaken instead. Studies on the practices, frequency and extent of extemporaneous compounding have been undertaken in countries such as New Zealand, Australia,...
Efficacy of Tribulus terrestris extract and metformin on fertility indices and oxidative stress of testicular tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats
December 2015
The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of Tribulus terrestris on different parameters of oxidative stress and enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidant as well as the number, viability and abnormalities of sperm in testis tissues of male rats after induction of diabetes. The animals were divided into six groups; group I (control) was administered vehicle only, group II was treated with metformin (MET) and...
Hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract from whole plant of Lactuca runcinata (DC.) in atherogenic diet induced hyperlipidemic rats
December 2015
The present study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract from whole plant of Lactuca runcinata (DC.) in rats fed with atherogenic diet (AD). The acute toxicity study shows that the ethanolic extract are safe up to 2000 mg/kg, thus one tenth of this dose was consider as evaluation dose. Ethanolic extract of Lactuca runcinata was administered in doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day to rats fed...
Page 8 of 46, showing 50 records out of 2257 total, starting on record 351, ending on 400
Advertisement
Advertisement
