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Begait sheep production systems and breeding practices of smallholder farmers in Tigrai, Ethiopia
Reconnaissance tour, focus group discussion and semi-structured interview were used to generate the dataset from 144 randomly selected small holder Begait sheep owners in two districts of Tigrai region, namely Tahtayadyabo and Kaftahumera, Ethiopia to understand Begait sheep production systems and identify breeding practices, breeding objectives, and constraints as a first step towards developing breeding strategies of...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the production and reproduction performance of chicken breed under semi-scavenging system of Seka Chekorsa and Omo Nada districts of Jimma Zone. A total of 800 day old chicks were obtained from Debre Zeit Agricultural Research center and 50 day old chicks were distributed with hay box brooder, and the experiment was arranged in a nested design. The result of current study indicated...
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Important browses in selected districts were identified using goats’ preference and farmers’ knowledge. A total of 296 plots (20 X 20m area) were placed along 16 transect lines randomly laid in plane and sloppy communal grazing lands to assess frequency of occurrences and density of the browse species. A total of 48 browse species out of which 31 were recognized by farmers were observed being browsed by goats. According to...
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Calf rearing systems practiced in Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia
The study was conducted on three state farms found at Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia with the objective of assessing calf rearing and management systems practiced in the area. Three state farms, namely; Wolaita Sodo University, SNNPR Jersey and WSATVET College dairy farms, were incorporated in the study. In addition to these, 30 smallholder milk producers from 3 potential milk producing Kebeles in town were selected...
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The experiment was conducted at Legambo district between January and July 2018 to evaluate the productive performances of Bovans Brown (BB), Sasso (SS) and Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK) chicken breeds under backyard and semi-intensive management systems. A total of 900-day-old chicks were reared up to 91 days of age. Body Weight (BW), Final Body Weight (FBW), Average daily gain (ADG), Feed Intake (FI), mortality and reason of...
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Lactating animals are exposed to oxidative stress (OS) which influences milk composition. Administration of vitamin E could mitigate the effects of the OS and improve milk production. This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E administration on some milk constituents and serum oxidative status of lactating West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Eighteen WAD does with mean live-weight of 17.5kg ±0.04 were...
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The Objectives of this study is to investigate the effect of diets containing different levels of Lawsonia inermis leaf on egg production and egg quality (internal and external) of Isa Brown hens. 150 point of laying birds (18 weeks) were used for the experiment. They were divided into five treatment groups (T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 fed 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40g/kg Lawsonia inermis leaf meal respectively). Each treatment...
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The study was conducted to assess the major livestock feed resources and estimating annual feed production and feed balance in Moyale district of Boran Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the household’s (HHs) and 96 representative households were selected. Data were collected using group discussions, structured questionnaire, secondary data and personal observations. As it...
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The study was conducted in four districts of Gurage zone in Sothern Ethiopia to determine the N, P, K, organic carbon and nitrogen of cattle manure. Seventy two households, 36 from highland and 36 from midaltitude were randomly selected from a total of 360 sample households selected for the study. Around 88.05% of farmers in the study areas were keeping cattle for high demand of manure to fertilize enset fields and for...
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Reproductive Performance and Associated Health Problems at Alagae Dairy Farm, Central Ethiopia
Study was conducted between November 2015 and March 2016 at Alage dairy farm. the objective of study was to evaluate ten years record and the current status of dairy farm A total of 370 cow’s record and 105 monitored dairy cows’ were used for the study. The overall mean of 27.68±6.48 age at first service (AFS), 37.8±6.88 age at first calving(AFC), 16.36±5.2 calving interval (CI), 6.93±4.79months of days open(DO),...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of Doyogena sheep under community based breeding scheme in Doyogena district, southern Ethiopia. The district was chosen purposively due to high sheep production potential and existence of sheep breeding cooperatives. Data on birth weight (BW), 90-day weaning weight (WW) and six-month weight were recorded on 584 lambs born in Doyogena community based sheep...
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Indigenous chicken populations are known for their ability to produce with limited feed resources and minimum management. Although phenotypic characterization is important for improvement and genetic conservation those populations are not fully characterized. A study was conducted to identify and describe phenotypic characteristics and document diversity of the indigenous chicken populations of northwestern Tigrai,...
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The study was conducted in Bako Tibe and Dano districts of Oromia region, Ethiopia with the objectives to identify indigenous chicken production, husbandry and breeding practices and farmer’s traits preference of chickens. Data were collected using semi-structured formal questionnaires and focus group discussions. A total of 119 households (60 from Bako Tibe and 59 from Dano district), were randomly selected using a...
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The survey was carried out to assess the challenges and opportunities of village poultry production from November 2018 to April 2019 in Wolaita Sodo town, Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected by interviewing chicken rearing households using semi-structured questionnaires. Five kebeles were selected by simple random sampling technique and one hundred respondents were selected...
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This study was aimed to generate basic information on production objectives and selection criteria of indigenous sheep types under farmer’s management condition in some selected East Gojam zone districts. Multistage purposive sampling was employed based on the potential of sheep production. For that purpose About 270 households (90 from each district) were used for household survey. The main objectives of keeping sheep...
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Four experimental rations were formulated from locally available protein and energy source feed to study its effect on the production performance, on some egg quality traits for fayoumi chickens and to know the financially feasibility of such locally formulated rations for fayoumi layer chickens. Ninety six fayoumi chickens of 24 weeks of age were subjected to four formulated rations. Each of the four treatments were...
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Review on bovine hydatidosis and its public health and economic importance in Ethiopia
Hydatidosis is a globally distributed zoonotic parasitic disease, caused by larval stages of Echinococcus granulosus for which large numbers of mammalian species are significant hosts for the occurrence of hydatid cyst in man. Livestock are infected through the ingestion of contaminated pasture with the feces of infected dogs. Dogs usually become infected by ingestion of contaminated meat of cattle and other livestock with...
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Cross sectional study was conducted from November, 2018 to March, 2019 to investigate the major causes of organs/carcass condemnation and to estimate the financial loss encountered in cattle slaughtered at Hirna municipal abattoir. Both Ante mortem and Post mortem examination were employed to detect any abnormalities on the animals during the study period. Accordingly, a total of 384 randomly selected slaughtered cattle...
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On Farm Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Goats Types in Bale zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
The aim of this study was to characterize goat types of Bale zone using quantitative and qualitative trait and estimate body weight through measuring different body measurements of goats. Purposive and multistage sampling were used for selection of district and kebeles. about 567 female and 63 male goats were sampled for body measurement and morphometric character. Out of the total sampled goat population in the study area...
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An experiment was conducted at Yabello Pastoral and Dryland Agricultural Research Center in Oromia National Regional State to evaluate the effects of local and conventional feed supplementation on milk yield and milk composition of Borana cows. Twelve lactating Borana cows of first parity and second parity with similar stage of lactation were used. The experiment had four treatments with three replications using randomized...
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Introduction of Koekoek chicken was carried out at Adwa and MedabayZana districts in Tigray to evaluate its performance and promote the breed with full-fledged poultry packages. The areas were selected purposely to centre the two potential zones of the region. Each participant was given about 50 day old chicks along with starter feed, drinkers and feeders. Data on survival, productivity, costs and farmers’ perception were...
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The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha and Bora districts from east Shoa zone as well as Kofele and Asasa from west Arsi zone of Oromia regional state. The objective of this study was to describe the breeding objectives of the farmers who keep indigenous sheep found in the study areas. The study was conducted using semi–structured questionnaire, followed by focus group discussions. A questionnaire was used to...
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Assessment of Dairy Cattle Breeding Practices in West Shoa Zone
This study was conducted to assess the breeding practices of dairy cattle in Adea Berga, Ejerie and Metarobi districts. The study was undertaken using questionnaire-based survey and a participatory group discussion method. A total of 180 households were participated in the interview. A Structured questionnaire was used to describe qualitative and quantitative traits. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and...
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Phenotypic response to mass selection for weaning weight and 18-month weight in Tswana cattle
The objectives of this study were to identify the significant environmental factors that influenced growth traits and to evaluate phenotypic response of growth traits to selection at weaning (S1) and 18-months of age (S2) and the unselected control line (S3) in Tswana cattle. Phenotypic analysis for average daily gains (ADGs) and growth traits were conducted using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and...
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate fattening performance of Menz ram lambs fed grass hay basal diet and supplemented different combination of wheat bran and lentil broken screening. The treatments were T1 (30g wheat bran 133g lentil broken screening), T2 (235g lentil broken screening only), T3 (285g wheat bran only), and T4 (227g wheat bran and 120 lentil broken screening). Twenty four Menz ram lambs of 8 to 10 months...
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The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of rice bran and sesame seedcake mixtures on feed intake, digestibility, body weight gain and carcass characteristics of Begait sheep fed grass hay as basal diet. Twenty five yearling Begait sheep rams with the initial body weight of 26.9 ± 0.75 kg (Mean ± SE) were used in a randomized complete block design. Animals were randomly blocked into five feeding regimes i.e. hay...
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Productive Performances of Crossbred Dairy Cattle at Holetta Agricultural Research Center
This study was conducted to evaluate the productive performances of crossbred dairy cattle at Holetta research center dairy farm. A total of 8123 performance records were used and analyzed to determine the effect of period of calving, season of calving, parity and genetic group. The parameters used us indicator of productive performances were Lactation milk yield (LMY), daily milk yield (DMY) and lactation length (LL). The...
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Enset (Ensete ventricosum) as a livestock feed in Ethiopia – review
Feed shortage in terms of quantity and quality is a major problem affecting livestock production and productivity in Ethiopia. Although there is livestock feed shortage in the country however, the available conventional and non-conventional feed resources are not properly utilized by farmers. Enset is a monocarpic short-lived perennial plant which is widely cultivated in the central, southern and south-western parts of...
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Phenotypic characterization of local chicken ecotypes of Benishangul-gumuz region, western Ethiopia
This study was conducted in four districts (Bambassi, Kamashi, Mao-komo and Homosha) of Benishangul-Gumuz regional state to describe physical and morphological characteristics of local chicken population in the study area. A total of 847 matured local chickens (619 females and 228 males) were randomly sampled from the study area. Mean live body weight and other linear body measurements of males was significantly (p
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The objective of this study was to estimate variance-covariance components and genetic parameters for growth traits in Tswana cattle. Genetic analyses for ADGs and growth traits were conducted using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and 2013 from 1662 dams and 188 sires in 54 contemporary groups, using both univariate and bivariate animal models. Heritability estimates for growth traits ranged from...
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The objective of this study was to determine the environmental and genetic factors influencing mature cow weight (MCW) trait in Tswana cattle breed. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for mature cow weight trait were performed using 19301 records of Tswana cows born between 1996 and 2010 from 610 dams and 137 sires in 54 contemporaries. Mature cow weight trait was analysed using repeatability model. The...
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The objective of this study was to determine the environmental and genetic factors affecting reproductive traits and calf survival from birth to weaning in Tswana breed of cattle. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for calf survival traits were done using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and 2013 from 1659 dams and 188 sires in 54 contemporaries. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects...
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To improve the competitiveness of live animals and meat export from Ethiopia tremendous interventions in the coordination of livestock marketing activities and biosecurity for provision of market support services are needed. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare and identify the management and biosecurity and major constraints of feedlot industries in Adama quarantine area. Three feedlot farms were used to collect...
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The study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and comprehensive strength of urea molasses blocks using different binding agents, fibre source and drying methods. Different blocks were produced and dried for seven days under shade and sun. Dry matter content was higher 92.7% in sun dried rice bran with cement (SRWC) and 92.6% in sun dried wheat offal with cement (SWWC) with the least 88.0% in shade dried wheat...
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The study was conducted to evaluate growth performance, carcass characteristics and economic benefit of koekoek chickens fed different levels of fish meal as replacement to soybean in Bora district of East shoa zone, Ethiopia. Fish offal was collected from Koka reservoir and Ellen Lake and then cooked and sun dried. The treatments contained control (T1), 5% fish meal and 15% soybean meal; T2,10% soybean meal and 10% fish...
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In Zimbabwe, at least 97 percent of the national goat herd is owned by smallholder indigenous farmers. The farmers rarely breed the goats for commercial purposes despite the fact that the country has potential to export goat products. Common breeds in Zimbabwe include the Matabele goats, Mashona goats, Boer goats and the Kalahari goats. With this diversity of the goats’ population, there is need to move from subsistence to...
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Review on Opportunities and Challenges of Dairy cattle production in Ethiopia
This review is conducted to assess the Opportunities and Challenges of Dairy cattle production in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia the dairy industry plays an enormous role in ensuring food security and creating rural employment in the highland and lowland areas. In Ethiopia, dairying is experienced throughout the country by a large number of rural and urban producers. Indigenous breeds of cows are generally considered as low milk...
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Survey was aiming to characterize indigenous chicken production in eastern and south eastern zone of Tigray region. Two peasant associations were selected from each district and 178 households were interviewed. The flock sizes was 6.22 chicks, 3.37 pullets, 2.58 cockerels, 3.88 hens and 1.61 cocks per household and 98.9% and 99.4% of farmers supplement feed and water to chickens respectively. About 79% of farmers had...
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Selected vegetable and fruit wastes for poultry feed: Review
This review was done to assess some selected vegetable and fruit wastes used as poultry feed and indicate the inclusion rate of them in poultry ration. Among vegetable wastes, culled carrots at 4% and carrot tops up to 15% inclusion level improved yolk colour. Dried tomato pomace and tomato seed could be incorporated in poultry rations at the level of 20% and 15% respectively, without any adverse effect. Cooked potatoes...
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The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soybean or groundnut straw replacement for hay on feed intake and nutrient utilization of Gumuz sheep at Pawe Agricultural Research Centre. Thirty yearling male intact Gumuz sheep with initial body weight of 18.91 ± 2.6 kg (mean ± SD) were used in the experiment. The study consists of 90 days feeding trial and 7 days of digestibility trial after acclimatization of 15 and 3...
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The study was conducted to evaluate production and reproduction performance of village chicken and egg quality traits and marketing system in Dedo district, Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Three different agro- ecologies (high, mid and lowlands) of the district were purposively selected based on poultry population and accessibility. Stratified probability random sampling method was followed to select two peasant...
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The study was done with objective of assessing production, reproduction performance and marketing system of village chickens in eastern and south eastern zone of Tigray region. Three districts covering two peasant associations (PA) were selected purposely based on chicken potential. About 178 households having experience on chicken production were interviewed. Therefore, the breed compositions were 8.60 locals, 5.46 exotic...
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Live pigs sale in the south-eastern zone of the maritime region of Togo : Who and how ?
In Togo, the growth of pork consumption has led to the increase of pig farming. However, there is a lake of information according to it trading. In order to identify who are involved in the live pig trade and their means, a survey was carried out in the Prefectures of the Lacs, Vo, Bas-Mono, and Yoto. About 60 traders are interviewed on how they operate and the contribution of this activity to their daily lives. Analysis...
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This study is conducted in Dedo Woreda of Jimma Zone with the objective of characterizing village chicken production and marketing systems.Three different agro-ecologies (high, mid and lowlands) of the Woreda were purposively selected based on poultry population and accessibility of infrastructure. Stratified probability random sampling method was followed to select two peasant associations (PA) from each of the three...
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A 115-day feeding trial involving 225, day-old koekoek dual purpose chicken was carried out at Dubbo Mante Experimental site of AARC in a completely randomized design to evaluate feed intake, growth performance and carcass yield of koekoek chicken fed cassava leaf meal at dietary levels of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% respectively. The experiment lasted for 13 weeks after two weeks of brooding period. Feed intake and body weight...
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The objective of this study was to characterize the indigenous chicken ecotypes of eastern and southeastern zones of Tigray. It was conducted in Hawzien, Degua-tembien and Hintalo-wejirat districts of Tigray. Two villages which are found at midland and highland agro-ecologies were selected in each district. Villages far from cities and towns, and potential areas in indigenous chicken population were also considered in the...
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Pastoralists in Hawd have been cited by many people in Somaliland as the most desperate people. Denied the right to primary education, these pastoralists feel very frustrated. Their children are destined of dropping out before completing the education cycle. They have always been blamed for their backwardness which is one of the reasons policy directed interventions are blind about extension of educational services as well...
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The objective of this study was to determine the agronomic performances, yield and nutritional quality of lablab cultivars grown under irrigation condition in lowland altitude of Humbo district, Wolaita Zone. The experiment was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The cultivars tested were Rongai, Highworth and Red...
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Prevalence of S. aureus and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Dairy Farms in Meki Town
The current study was conducted with the objectives of identifying Staphylococcus aureus from mastitis positive quarters and further screening of MRSA from positive cases for the bacteria. Identification of MRSA in dairy herd helps in determining its prevalence and provide information for further study. This study revealed insignificant (p≥0.05) prevalence of S. aureus in clinical (47.4%) and in subclinical (57.8%)...
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A study was conducted at Wombera and Pawe districts of Benishangul-gumuz regional state, western Ethiopia, aiming to determine the bee spacing and cell dimensions of honeybee race and recommended an appropriate bee spacing and cell dimension for Apis mellifera scutellata. Wombera and Pawe districts were purposively selected to represent highland and lowland agro-ecologies respectively. The measurement of bee space, cell...
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