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The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the differentiation of goat population in Ethiopia based on husbandry, breeding practices, and morphological traits of goats. Ethiopian goats have long been known for their extensive production methods, which have been reared in all agro-ecological zones. Rather than competing for fodder with cattle and sheep, goats complement them. The major feed resources for goats...
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A community based breeding program was performed in the years 2012 to 2017 in Dubluk district of Borana Zone, with the objective to improve some productive traits and conserve Boran cattle breed through disseminating improved Boran sires to pastoral community of the district. Relevant performance data were collected to check the performance of the program to achieve the required goal. The data collected were: number of...
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In a study to investigate the factors affecting hatchability of Archachatinamarginataeggs, six hundred (600) eggs were collected from snail pens, weighed in batches of ten (10) with 60 batches in total. Boxes of 50 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm were filled with treated substrates; moist soil/sawdust mixture (MSD), moist sawdust (MD), moist soil (MSb), dry sawdust (DD) and dry soil (DS), and ten (10) batches of eggs were randomly...
Performance evaluation of Cobb500 broilers under On-Station management in Pawe, Ethiopia.
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Cobb-500 broiler is one of the world’s most popular commercial meat chicken breeds. This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of Cobb-500 broiler under on-station conditions at Pawe Agricultural Research Center. A total of 200 one-day-old chicks and commercial broiler feed were purchased from Alema poultry farm in Bishoftu. Appropriate vaccinations were administered to the chicks while standard bio-security...
Nutritional composition and quality of table eggs as affected by duration of storage.
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One hundred and twenty (120) freshly laid eggs by 36 weeks old ISA brown layers kept at the Poultry Unit, Teaching and Research Farm, Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa were randomly collected and stored at room temperature for 21 days. At week 0, week1, week 2 and week 3 of storage, 30 eggs were broken for egg quality and nutritional components analyses. Data collected were subjected to...
Socio-economic characteristics and husbandry practices of dog breeding in western region of Cameroon
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The present study was conducted in order to describe the socio-economic characteristics of canine farmers in Cameroon and the management techniques of their canine herds. The study was carried out between February and May 2019 in the region of West Cameroon. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been addressed to canine breeders to determine the socio-economic characteristics and techniques, and to identify the constraints...
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Physical characteristics, microbial and chemical quality, pH and cholesterol level were analysed from 120 table eggs randomly collected from households, retailers and at market in Dodoma city, Central part of Tanzania. The eggs sampled at the market were found to have low content of moisture (80.65%), high cholesterol level (15.90 mg/g) and low pH of 6.50 with vast microbial load of 5.622 CFU/mL and 5.690 CFU/mL for Total...
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This study was carried out to determine the productivity potential and nutritional value of Brachiaria humidicola grass in the enclosed area of Menesibu district. The feed samples from four sites of area enclosure two from highland and two from low land which was established in different years (2007 & 2011) were taken from quadrats placed and demarked and divided with systematically sampling procedures into 3 sub samples...
Acase report of gastric myiasis in a deer at Safari zoo Lahore
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Tissue (s) of vertebrates when affected with a variety of dipterous (fly) larvae lead condition called Myiasis. Gasterophilus Species are obligate parasites which hosts are donkeys, elephants, rhinoceroses, horses and zebras are those animals which are known as the host of obligate parasites of Gasterophilus Species. Not only in tropical and subtropical regions, these cases are recorded worldwide . In Safari Zoo Lahore a...
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The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha, Bora, Dodola, Shala and Negele-Arsi districts with objective to assess cattle breeding practices and rate of inbreeding. Two hundred forty respondents were identified using random sampling techniques. The study result indicated that farmers traditionally use name and ear cutting to identify their local cattle. Body size was ranked as primary selection criteria of bulls...
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This study aimed to determine dietary effects of energy and protein levels on slaughter performance, carcass yield and qualities of selected sheep breeds. Fifty yearling lambs with a mean IBW of 19.31±1.7 kg (Mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into five dietary treatments i.e., mEmP(minimum Energy and Protein), MEMP (medium energy and protein), MEHP(medium Energy and high Protein), HEMP(high energy and medium protein),...
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This trial evaluated concentrate supplementation on grazing behavior, growth performance, carcass yield and economic analysis of off-season steer production in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICL). A randomized block design with the pastures (modules) as blocks, with 4 treatments, 4 groups of animals per treatment and 3 animals per group (N=48, 395±16 kg) was used to evaluate increasing levels of concentrate...
Effect of Crossing Koekoek and Sasso Chicken on Egg Quality Traits
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of crossing Koekoek (KK) and Sasso (SS) chicken on egg quality traits. To fulfill this aim, a total of 720 eggs have been collected to test egg quality. Data have been collected for the variables such as:- egg, albumen, yolk and shell weight, shell thickness, shape index, yolk color, albumen and yolk height, yolk diameter, yolk index, egg strength, specific gravity and Haugh...
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Breeding practices and trait preferences are key to defining sound breeding objectives and designing genetic improvement programs at community level. The current study identifies these factors for village goats within a pilot community-based breeding program in Pella village, North West province, South Africa. Thirty-five farmers were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaire survey to characterize goat farmers...
In vitro antibacterial activity of Allium sativum (garlic) extract against Salmonella typhimurium
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The inappropriate and irrational use of antibiotics in poultry industry has led to the emergence of resistant microbial populations such as Salmonella typhimurium, which is responsible for 26% of cases of enterocolitis in humans. In the fight against this bacterium, Allium sativum (garlic) would be an effective alternative. This is because several studies claim the effectiveness of garlic in the prevention and treatment of...
Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Chicken Ecotypes in Awi Zone, Ethiopia
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The study was conducted in three districts of Awi zone in Amhara region, with the aim to characterize andidentify the phenotypic variation of indigenous chickenecotypes. A total of 720 indigenous chicken ecotypes were females (504) and males (216) from the whole districts) to describe qualitative and quantitative traits. Local chicken were mostly normal feathered and large phenotypic variability among ecotypes was observed...
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The study was conducted to generate comprehensive information on production systems, husbandry and marketing practices of indigenous sheep breed in Meket and Gidan district of North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia. The study was performed based on household survey. For household survey, 240 households (120 from each district) were involved. Qualitative data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Mixed...
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The early-life fast growing rate of modern strains of domestic animals comes with a number of problems which may include incidence of metabolic disorders, blood related diseases, skeletal diseases, mortality and morbidity. To this effect, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of graded levels of sundried cassava starch extract pulp (SCSEP) on blood indices (haematology, serum, white blood cell differential...
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The study was conducted to examine the influence of strain and non-genetic factors on growth and reproduction of indigenous Guinea fowl. Four strains of indigenous Guinea fowls: Pearl, Lavender, White and Black were used. Three non-genetic factors were considered: season of hatch, generation and sex of bird. Data were collected on 600 indigenous Guinea fowls. Data were analysed with the General Linear Procedure (GLM) of...
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The study was undertaken at Adiha in Kola Tembien district of Ethiopia with the objectives to evaluate the effect of supplementation of mixture of cowpea haulms and maize grain on weight gains of Abergelle goats and its economic feasibility. Eight farmers who provided three similar in weight male yearling Abergelle goats participated in the study. Initial body weight of experimental goats was 17.7 kg + 0.75 kg...
On station determination of appropriate level of feed ration supplementation for local intact rams
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The study was conducted in Mekelle Agricultural Research Center to evaluate four rations for ram fattening based on station feeding trial and to evaluate the profitability of concentrate feed supplementation of the rams. Twenty-five intact rams of yearly age (1PPI dentition) with an average initial body weight of 19.3 ± 2.1 (mean ± SD) were purchased from the local market of the highland sheep population found in Atsbi...
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This study was conducted to assess reproductive performances of crossbred (Holstein-Friesian dairy cows with Ethiopian Local zebu dairy cattle which is known as Zebu cattle),farmers management practices and factors affecting performances of Crosses of dairy cattle in Shashogo and Anlemo distincts of Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Purposive sampling techniques were used to select district and kebeles. A total of 196...
Assessment of breeding practice of dairy cattle in Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
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The study was conducted to assess of breeding practices of dairy cattle in Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia. Based on their milking shed potentiality and dairy production availability, three districts/Woreda from Dawuro zone and two kebeles from each district were purposively selected for questionnaire administration. Then a total of 180 dairy holding households (60 from each district) having dairy stocks were interviewed at...
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This study was conducted to assess constraints and opportunity of indigenous beef cattle production, and marketing system in Dawuro Zone, southern Ethiopia. To achieve these objective secondary and primary data were used. Mareka, Tocha, Isera districts were selected for study. Thirty indigenous beef breed farm owners were randomly selected for study area, ten farm owners selected from each district. As respondent notify...
Performance of Three Broiler Strains Fed Standard Feed
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A six weeks experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance, feed intake and slaughter characteristics of three broiler strains fed standard feed. Fifty (50) day-old-chicks each of Arbor Acres Farm Support, Arbor Acres Grinphield and Marshall Grinphield were used. Each strain was randomly allotted into 5 replicates and each replicate had 10 birds. The design used was a completely randomized design. Feed and...
Begait sheep production systems and breeding practices of smallholder farmers in Tigrai, Ethiopia
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Reconnaissance tour, focus group discussion and semi-structured interview were used to generate the dataset from 144 randomly selected small holder Begait sheep owners in two districts of Tigrai region, namely Tahtayadyabo and Kaftahumera, Ethiopia to understand Begait sheep production systems and identify breeding practices, breeding objectives, and constraints as a first step towards developing breeding strategies of...
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The experiment was conducted at Legambo district between January and July 2018 to evaluate the productive performances of Bovans Brown (BB), Sasso (SS) and Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK) chicken breeds under backyard and semi-intensive management systems. A total of 900-day-old chicks were reared up to 91 days of age. Body Weight (BW), Final Body Weight (FBW), Average daily gain (ADG), Feed Intake (FI), mortality and reason of...
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Lactating animals are exposed to oxidative stress (OS) which influences milk composition. Administration of vitamin E could mitigate the effects of the OS and improve milk production. This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E administration on some milk constituents and serum oxidative status of lactating West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Eighteen WAD does with mean live-weight of 17.5kg ±0.04 were...
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The Objectives of this study is to investigate the effect of diets containing different levels of Lawsonia inermis leaf on egg production and egg quality (internal and external) of Isa Brown hens. 150 point of laying birds (18 weeks) were used for the experiment. They were divided into five treatment groups (T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 fed 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40g/kg Lawsonia inermis leaf meal respectively). Each treatment...
Reproductive Performance and Associated Health Problems at Alagae Dairy Farm, Central Ethiopia
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Study was conducted between November 2015 and March 2016 at Alage dairy farm. the objective of study was to evaluate ten years record and the current status of dairy farm A total of 370 cow’s record and 105 monitored dairy cows’ were used for the study. The overall mean of 27.68±6.48 age at first service (AFS), 37.8±6.88 age at first calving(AFC), 16.36±5.2 calving interval (CI), 6.93±4.79months of days...
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Indigenous chicken populations are known for their ability to produce with limited feed resources and minimum management. Although phenotypic characterization is important for improvement and genetic conservation those populations are not fully characterized. A study was conducted to identify and describe phenotypic characteristics and document diversity of the indigenous chicken populations of northwestern Tigrai,...
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The study was conducted in Bako Tibe and Dano districts of Oromia region, Ethiopia with the objectives to identify indigenous chicken production, husbandry and breeding practices and farmer’s traits preference of chickens. Data were collected using semi-structured formal questionnaires and focus group discussions. A total of 119 households (60 from Bako Tibe and 59 from Dano district), were randomly selected using a...
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This study was aimed to generate basic information on production objectives and selection criteria of indigenous sheep types under farmer’s management condition in some selected East Gojam zone districts. Multistage purposive sampling was employed based on the potential of sheep production. For that purpose About 270 households (90 from each district) were used for household survey. The main objectives of keeping sheep...
Review on bovine hydatidosis and its public health and economic importance in Ethiopia
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Hydatidosis is a globally distributed zoonotic parasitic disease, caused by larval stages of Echinococcus granulosus for which large numbers of mammalian species are significant hosts for the occurrence of hydatid cyst in man. Livestock are infected through the ingestion of contaminated pasture with the feces of infected dogs. Dogs usually become infected by ingestion of contaminated meat of cattle and other livestock with...
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Cross sectional study was conducted from November, 2018 to March, 2019 to investigate the major causes of organs/carcass condemnation and to estimate the financial loss encountered in cattle slaughtered at Hirna municipal abattoir. Both Ante mortem and Post mortem examination were employed to detect any abnormalities on the animals during the study period. Accordingly, a total of 384 randomly selected slaughtered cattle...
On Farm Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Goats Types in Bale zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Article in Press
The aim of this study was to characterize goat types of Bale zone using quantitative and qualitative trait and estimate body weight through measuring different body measurements of goats. Purposive and multistage sampling were used for selection of district and kebeles. about 567 female and 63 male goats were sampled for body measurement and morphometric character. Out of the total sampled goat population in the study area...
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Introduction of Koekoek chicken was carried out at Adwa and MedabayZana districts in Tigray to evaluate its performance and promote the breed with full-fledged poultry packages. The areas were selected purposely to centre the two potential zones of the region. Each participant was given about 50 day old chicks along with starter feed, drinkers and feeders. Data on survival, productivity, costs and farmers’ perception...
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The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha and Bora districts from east Shoa zone as well as Kofele and Asasa from west Arsi zone of Oromia regional state. The objective of this study was to describe the breeding objectives of the farmers who keep indigenous sheep found in the study areas. The study was conducted using semi–structured questionnaire, followed by focus group discussions. A questionnaire was used...
Phenotypic response to mass selection for weaning weight and 18-month weight in Tswana cattle
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The objectives of this study were to identify the significant environmental factors that influenced growth traits and to evaluate phenotypic response of growth traits to selection at weaning (S1) and 18-months of age (S2) and the unselected control line (S3) in Tswana cattle. Phenotypic analysis for average daily gains (ADGs) and growth traits were conducted using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and...
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate fattening performance of Menz ram lambs fed grass hay basal diet and supplemented different combination of wheat bran and lentil broken screening. The treatments were T1 (30g wheat bran 133g lentil broken screening), T2 (235g lentil broken screening only), T3 (285g wheat bran only), and T4 (227g wheat bran and 120 lentil broken screening). Twenty four Menz ram lambs of 8 to 10 months...
Productive Performances of Crossbred Dairy Cattle at Holetta Agricultural Research Center
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This study was conducted to evaluate the productive performances of crossbred dairy cattle at Holetta research center dairy farm. A total of 8123 performance records were used and analyzed to determine the effect of period of calving, season of calving, parity and genetic group. The parameters used us indicator of productive performances were Lactation milk yield (LMY), daily milk yield (DMY) and lactation length (LL). The...
Enset (Ensete ventricosum) as a livestock feed in Ethiopia – review
Article in Press
Feed shortage in terms of quantity and quality is a major problem affecting livestock production and productivity in Ethiopia. Although there is livestock feed shortage in the country however, the available conventional and non-conventional feed resources are not properly utilized by farmers. Enset is a monocarpic short-lived perennial plant which is widely cultivated in the central, southern and south-western parts of...
Phenotypic characterization of local chicken ecotypes of Benishangul-gumuz region, western Ethiopia
Article in Press
This study was conducted in four districts (Bambassi, Kamashi, Mao-komo and Homosha) of Benishangul-Gumuz regional state to describe physical and morphological characteristics of local chicken population in the study area. A total of 847 matured local chickens (619 females and 228 males) were randomly sampled from the study area. Mean live body weight and other linear body measurements of males was significantly (p
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The objective of this study was to determine the environmental and genetic factors influencing mature cow weight (MCW) trait in Tswana cattle breed. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for mature cow weight trait were performed using 19301 records of Tswana cows born between 1996 and 2010 from 610 dams and 137 sires in 54 contemporaries. Mature cow weight trait was analysed using repeatability model. The...
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To improve the competitiveness of live animals and meat export from Ethiopia tremendous interventions in the coordination of livestock marketing activities and biosecurity for provision of market support services are needed. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare and identify the management and biosecurity and major constraints of feedlot industries in Adama quarantine area. Three feedlot farms were used to collect...
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The study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and comprehensive strength of urea molasses blocks using different binding agents, fibre source and drying methods. Different blocks were produced and dried for seven days under shade and sun. Dry matter content was higher 92.7% in sun dried rice bran with cement (SRWC) and 92.6% in sun dried wheat offal with cement (SWWC) with the least 88.0% in shade dried wheat...
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The study was conducted to evaluate growth performance, carcass characteristics and economic benefit of koekoek chickens fed different levels of fish meal as replacement to soybean in Bora district of East shoa zone, Ethiopia. Fish offal was collected from Koka reservoir and Ellen Lake and then cooked and sun dried. The treatments contained control (T1), 5% fish meal and 15% soybean meal; T2,10% soybean meal and 10% fish...
Review on Opportunities and Challenges of Dairy cattle production in Ethiopia
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This review is conducted to assess the Opportunities and Challenges of Dairy cattle production in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia the dairy industry plays an enormous role in ensuring food security and creating rural employment in the highland and lowland areas. In Ethiopia, dairying is experienced throughout the country by a large number of rural and urban producers. Indigenous breeds of cows are generally considered as low milk...
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Survey was aiming to characterize indigenous chicken production in eastern and south eastern zone of Tigray region. Two peasant associations were selected from each district and 178 households were interviewed. The flock sizes was 6.22 chicks, 3.37 pullets, 2.58 cockerels, 3.88 hens and 1.61 cocks per household and 98.9% and 99.4% of farmers supplement feed and water to chickens respectively. About 79% of farmers had...
Selected vegetable and fruit wastes for poultry feed: Review
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This review was done to assess some selected vegetable and fruit wastes used as poultry feed and indicate the inclusion rate of them in poultry ration. Among vegetable wastes, culled carrots at 4% and carrot tops up to 15% inclusion level improved yolk colour. Dried tomato pomace and tomato seed could be incorporated in poultry rations at the level of 20% and 15% respectively, without any adverse effect. Cooked potatoes...
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