Radiological hazard of coffee to humans: a comparative study of Arabian and Turkish coffees
February 2017
Thirty-nine Arabian and Turkish coffee powder samples purchased from various markets in Saudi Arabia were analyzed by High Pure Germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry to determine the activity concentrations of the natural and artificial radionuclides 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs, and 40K. All samples, (except for two samples of Turkish coffee) were found to contain a high mean content of 40K, ranging from 839.83 to 1197.11...
Peat influence on Zn tolerance, bioconcentration and bioaccumulation in Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden
February 2017
Soil contamination with zinc occurs in mining and agricultural areas through successive applications of pig slurry. Essential to the selection and adaptation of plants to contaminated soil, is the study of species showing not only tolerance but also bioaccumulation or bioconcentration of zinc associated with amelioration. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of peat addition on the tolerance,...
Performance of an improved manual cassava harvesting tool as influenced by planting position and cassava variety
February 2017
Cassava has become an important food security crop in Ghana over the years and in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa; making it the single most important source of dietary energy. Harvesting, one of the serious bottlenecks in the cassava production value chain, has received little attention in terms of mechanisation. Earlier attempts at mechanising cassava harvesting have been challenged mainly by inappropriate method of...
Productivity, nutritional quality and phenotypical stability of varieties of silage sorghum in Uberlândia, MG
February 2017
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a good alternative for silage, especially in places with water scarcity and high temperatures, due to their morphological and physiological characteristics. Proper management contributes both to productivity and to the quality of forage. The present study was conducted with the following objectives: To evaluate the agronomic and bromatological performance of varieties of sorghum...
Abundance and distribution of Ixodid tick species infesting cattle reared under traditional farming systems in Tanzania
January 2017
Ticks and tick-borne diseases are serious constraints to livestock production in Tanzania and other sub-Saharan African countries. Despite this, knowledge on the abundance of tick species infesting cattle in most parts of Tanzania is insufficient or lacking. This study was conducted to identify species and establish the abundance of ticks infesting cattle in Mara, Singida and Mbeya regions of Tanzania. The ticks were...
Quality of seeds from Leucaena species stored under ambient conditions
January 2017
The objective of this research was to know the performance of the seeds from different species of the Leucaena genus (Leucaena leucocephala, Leucaena lanceolata, Leucaena diversifolia, Leucaena macrophylla and Leucaena esculenta), stored under ambient conditions and subject to an evaluation of their physical, physiological and sanitary quality. The material came from the harvests of the collection planted at the...
Physiological aspects in cotton cultivars in response to application leaf gibberellic acid
January 2017
The cotton plant is a species of the Malvaceae family and is relevant to the Brazilian and world economy, mainly because of the textile fiber. However, there was an increase in cotton production because it is necessary for the use of inputs or stimulants, such as the use of gibberellic acid, which has contributed in improving the physiological processes of plants. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of gibberellic...
Stalk productivity and quality of three sugarcane varieties at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the harvest
January 2017
This paper evaluated the stalk productivity and quality of the RB961552 and RB98710 sugarcane varieties, compared with RB92579, during the cane-plant and regrowth cycles. The study was conducted in a random block experimental design with five repetitions. The plots composed of 7 furrows measuring 8 m in length with 1.0 m spacing. Juice quality from the lower, middle, and upper thirds of the industrialized stalks was...
Sanitary analysis, transmissibility and pathogenicity of fungi associated with cashew nuts
January 2017
There are few reports of transmission of fungus associated with cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Brazil and worldwide. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of anthracnose on leaves and fruits (nuts) of cashew, nuts sanitary analysis, nuts-seedling transmission and pathogenicity of fungi associated with cashew nuts. To this end, leaves and nuts of cashew collected in the cities...
Determination of heavy metals in the roasted and ground coffee beans and brew
January 2017
Some compounds present in coffee beans can affect consumer health. The present study determines the content of heavy metal in coffee cultivated in the Cerrado Mineiro region (Alto Paranaíba – MG, Brazil), to compare the values found with the legal standards and check how these metals are extracted from the respective infusions. Fifty samples of coffee beans were analyzed, taken from the Alto...
Spatial variability of soil physical and chemical aspects in a Brazil nut tree stand in the Brazilian Amazon
January 2017
The Brazil nut is considered one of the noblest trees of the Amazon biome and contains social, ecologic and economic importance to this region. The study of the spatial variance of the edaphic properties in native nut trees can direct future researches about more efficient samplings. The Geostatistics is the methodology utilized for this type of study, once that it considers the structural and random characteristics of...
Phytosociology and weed interference in okra under organic cropping system
January 2017
A research was carried out to study phytosociology and to determine the periods of weed interference in the okra crop in organic cropping system. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 20 treatments and four replications. The treatments were 10 periods of weed coexistence with the crop during 0-7, 0-14, 0-21, 0-28, 0-35, 0-42, 0-49, 0-56, 0-63 and 0-74 days after crop emergence (DAE) and...
Anti-atherogenic properties associated with the antioxidant activity from the hydrophilic extracts of Halimeda incrassata (Chlorophyta, Bryopsidales)
January 2017
Seaweeds are a source of natural antioxidants having potential application in oxidative stress and associated diseases. In this work, anti-atherogenic properties associated with the antioxidant activity from the hydrophilic extracts of Halimeda incrassata were studied. The phenolic content assessed in the aqueous extract and fraction phenolic acids (FPA) was 0.13 ± 0.05 and 0.47 ± 0.09 mg of gallic acid...
Nitrogen and potassium fertirrigation on yield characteristics of Italian Zucchini in protected cultivation
January 2017
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen and potassium applied through fertirrigation on yield characteristics of Italian Zucchini, Novita Plus cultivar. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Irrigation Technical Center of the State University of Maringá, Maringá - PR, adopting a completely randomized design in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replications....
Controlled water stress in uniformity of maturity and productivity of conilon coffee
January 2017
The aim of this work was to evaluate the uniformity of fruit maturity and the productivity of conilon coffee in function of different periods of water stress in the post-harvest period. The study was conducted in a field from August 2014 to July 2015 in an old coffee crop of conilon coffee, cultivar Vitória 'Incaper 8142', cultivated at a spacing of 3.0 × 1.2 m, located at the Federal Institute of...
Incidence of viruses and virus-like diseases of watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda, a hitherto none-investigated pathosystem
January 2017
Common impromptu observations between 2010 and 2012 of apparent virus-like disease symptoms in watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda prompted this study. However, there was no recorded evidence of virus infection in these crops anywhere in Uganda or eastern Africa as a region. Thus, 374 and 522 watermelon and pumpkin plants, respectively, growing in 13 fields were surveyed to record virus-like disease symptoms in...
Determinants of the Brazilian Amazon deforestation
January 2017
The Amazon rainforest is the world’s largest biome, containing almost 50% of the planet’s known biodiversity and is the biggest source of fresh water, which is approximately one-fifth of the global reserves. However, the sustainable use of this ecosystem is threatened by several factors, and deforestation is the main problem. This study addresses the deforestation of the Brazilian Amazon forest, in...
Study on termite damage to different species of tree seedlings in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
January 2017
A high density of termite mounds is common in the Maki-Batu area of the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. To determine whether farmers consider termites as one of their problems in growing trees and practices they use to manage termites, short semi-structured questionnaires were distributed to farmers selected randomly. To evaluate the efficacy of some non-chemical control methods, Eucalyptus camaldulensis seedlings of...
Standardizing germination tests for quinoa seeds
January 2017
The standard germination tests have been commonly used on commercial grain crops, such as soybean, field beans, rice and maize. However, there are no standard tests for potential new crops; quinoa being one of them. This work is aimed at evaluating the effect of substrate, temperature and counting time in seed germination of quinoa. The following treatments were used in tests with seeds: on blotter paper, between...
Improving the competitiveness of dairy production via value chain approach: The case of Lemu-Bilbilo district in Arsi highlands of Ethiopia
January 2017
This study was initiated with the purpose to assess the dairy value chain in Lemu-Bilbilo district of Arsi zone, Ethiopia. This study made use of both qualitative and quantitative data collected from primary and secondary sources. Different Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques were utilized to collect primary data in July 2012. The dairy value chain in Lemu-Bilbilo district involves six distinct value adding...
Analysis of colourfastness of fabrics treated with dyes extracted from Roselle calyces
January 2017
The dyeing potential of roselle (Hibiscus sabdarifa) extract variously extracted by boiling, steeping and ethanol solvent were evaluated with three dye fixatives (potassium aluminum sulphate (alum), tannic acid, and citric acid), to study their effects on cotton (100%), stone silk (60% silk:40% polyester) and polyester (100%) fabrics. Colourfastness to sunlight, washing, perspiration (acid and alkali) and rubbing...
Mathematical models to estimate leaf area of citrus genotypes
January 2017
Mathematical models were developed, using 22 different genotypes of citrus, to estimate leaf area. The information of the relationship between leaf length and width (L/W)2 for simple leaf blade form (eliptic, ovate, obovate, lanceolate); and length of the three folioles (L2+L3)/L1 for a compound leaf (trifoliate leaves), was used with the purpose to separate group of similarities of leaf blade form and promote...
Variation of leaf area index of the forage sorghum under different irrigation depths in dynamic of cuts
January 2017
The determination of leaf area index is a variable of great importance for predicting productivity, especially when it comes to forage species where the desired product is the leaves. This study aimed to determine the variation of the leaf area index of forage sorghum when subjected to different irrigation depths in four culture cuts. Treatments consisted of six irrigation depths, these being 0, 60, 80, 100, 120 and...
Mineral and organic fertilizer in two Physalis species
January 2017
Physalis cultivation can be an alternative of extra income for small and medium producers, mainly with the use of materials available on the property that can replace chemical fertilizer. This study aimed to evaluate agronomic parameters of Physalis peruviana and P. pubescens submitted two different sources of fertilization - chemical and organic. We evaluated plant height, shoot dry mass, production/plant, fruits...
Optimal sample size and data arrangement method in estimating correlation matrices with lesser collinearity: A statistical focus in maize breeding
January 2017
Information about data arrangement methodologies and optimal sample size in estimating the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) among maize traits are still limited. Furthermore, some data arrangement methodologies currently used may be increasing multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis. This study aimed to investigate the statistical behavior of the r and the multicollinearity of correlation matrices among...
The utilization of tropical legumes to provide nitrogen to pastures: A review
January 2017
Sustainable models of animal production constantly seek for ways to pasture production with inputs reduction. In this context, the introduction of forage legumes in the pasture system is fundamental to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and supply it to grasses, increasing its production and persistence, enhancing animal nutrition as it grazes, at the same time. Still, the use of plant mixes in the system brings further...
Plant secondary metabolites and its dynamical systems of induction in response to environmental factors: A review
January 2017
Under natural conditions, the plants are, usually, surrounded by a series of potential enemies. They had created strategies of defense against pathogens and herbivores' attacks, allowing its perpetuation throughout evolution. These defense mechanisms are closely associated with the synthesis of secondary metabolites, which are also worldwide used in several areas of industry. This bibliographic review was conducted...
Growth comparison of 22 genotypes of conilon coffee after regular pruning cycle
January 2017
A regular pruning cycle (RPC) reduces costs when implementing crop treatments and facilitates semi-mechanized harvesting. However, there is information on plant development under this system. Thus, this study aimed to assess the new branch growth of 22 genotypes of Coffea canephora (conilon) after a regular pruning cycle. The assay was conducted at Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Southern Espírito Santo State, Brazil....
Growth of Piper nigrum L. and nutrients cycling by intercropping with leguminous species
January 2017
Nitrogen (N) fixation is performed efficiently by leguminous plants, which can then be used as ‘green manure’ to reduce the need for synthetic fertilizer (especially N) and thus sustainably provide satisfactory crop yields with low production costs. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intercropping with leguminous species used as cover crops on branch growth and nutrient cycling of pepper...
Nutritional diagnosis of sugarcane varieties in a Yellow Oxisol during three agricultural seasons
January 2017
Leaf analysis is one of the main methods used for the evaluation of nutritional requirements in sugarcane culture, contributing to a better management of fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of sugarcane varieties by quantifying the leaf content of macro and micronutrients of the +3 leaf. The varieties RB92579, RB867515, VAT90-212 and SP813250 were evaluated in a Yellow Oxisol at Fazenda...
Biological control of the bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum by bioprotector with fungi chitosan from Cunninghamella elegans on tomatoes
January 2017
Fertilization is one of the most important means to improve plant production and nutrient uptake. Tomatoes plants are very exigent on fertilizers and sensitive to diseases. For satisfactory yield and fruit quality soil fertility and diseases need to be controlled. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bioprotector that contains fungi chitosan as an alternative biofertilizer, which releases...
Soybean as bioindicador of residual effect of 2,4-D herbicide in an oxisol from the Brazilian cerrado
January 2017
Invasive plants, besides competing for space, also compete for water, light, and nutrients against the crop, what may cause drastic production cuts. Chemical control through herbicides is the most widely used method to control these plants. This study aimed to evaluate the persistence of the 2,4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) herbicide in soybean (Glycine max L.) crops in an Oxisol from the Brazilian Cerrado. The...
Physical and chemical characteristics and drying kinetics of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
January 2017
This study aimed to characterize the physical and chemical composition, antioxidant activity, essential oil yield, drying kinetics and fit to mathematical models, color parameters, particle size and scanning electron microscopy of fresh turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa L.). The physical and chemical composition of turmeric showed technological interest, with standards consistent with those reported in the literature....
Effect of organo-mineral fertilizer and poultry litter waste on sugarcane yield and some plant and soil chemical properties
January 2017
Application of organic wastes in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is an alternative possibly replacing or supplementing mineral fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of poultry litter, organo-mineral fertilizer and mineral fertilizer on soil chemical properties, yield and plant content of macronutrients in sugarcane. The experiment was conducted at the Jalles Machado Mill in Goianésia- GO, from...
Estimated damage caused by ramularia leaf spots on cotton
January 2017
The objectives of this study are to establish damage functions for the Ramularia areola pathosystem and characterize the damage in cultivars susceptible and resistant to it. The experiment was conducted in the city of Tangará da Serra in the 2012/2013 harvest season. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications in a factorial arrangement of four cultivars × four gradients. The plots...
Effects of associated co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum with Azospirillum brasilense on soybean yield and growth
January 2017
The continuous development of soybean cultivars aiming at higher yields can result in a demand of N supply higher than the standard inoculation with Bradyrhizobium species. In this context, Azospirillum species, a nitrogen-fixing microorganism found in the rhizosphere of various plant species, may be studied as a way of providing soybean crop with the part of the N it needs. Employing a completely randomized design with...
Relative forage preference by camel (Camelus dromedarius) as influenced by season, sex and age in the Sahel zone of north western Nigeria
January 2017
A study on effect of age, sex and seasonal variation in forage preference of camel was conducted in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of north western Nigeria. A total number of 12 camels were used in the study. Data were collected at an interval of 5 min for each category of animal for 3 consecutive days in dry and rainy seasons using scan sampling method. Based on the observation, the number of plants preferred in this study...
Root-promoting substances enhance Sugarcane's drought tolerance
December 2016
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) is an expanding culture for the production of bioethanol around the world which requires certain practices to improve its productive performance at the different ecosystems. This work's aim is to evaluate the initial Sugarcane growth and drought tolerance through the application of biostimulants. For this purpose an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using completely randomized...
Phenology, yield and fruit quality of four persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) cultivars in São Paulo’s Midwest countryside, Brazil
December 2016
The aim of this study is to evaluate the phenology, yield and fruit physicochemical characteristics of four persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki L.) in São Paulo’s Midwest countryside, Brazil. The persimmon cultivars studied were ‘Pomelo’, ‘Rama Forte’, ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Rubi’. The main phenological phases of persimmons trees were evaluated. Despite significant...
Factors associated with weed occurrence in Southwest region of Goiás
December 2016
After the introduction of Roundup Ready® technology, there were changes in community composition of weeds in the Southwest of Goiás. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating weed distribution in different cropping systems in this region. Thus, phytosociological survey was conducted in three different periods. Studies were conducted on thirty-five areas derived from combined soybean crops resistant to...
Characterization of production system and breeding practices of sheep producers in Doyogena district, Southern Ethiopia
December 2016
An exploratory survey was undertaken in Doyogena district of Southern Nation Nationalities Peoples region of Ethiopia to understand the sheep production system, the breeding practices, selection criteria and sheep production constraints in order to develop a sheep breeding strategy. Data were collected from 107 households using semi-structured questionnaire and group discussion. Descriptive statistics and index were...
Assessment of fruit postharvest handling practices and losses in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
December 2016
Demand for fresh fruit is steadily increasing in big cities of Northwestern Ethiopia. As a result, fruits are transported from nearby as well as long distance sources to urban centers such as Bahir Dar. The type of fruit crops available in the market and number of fruit retailers are increasing from time to time. However, the key challenge facing the sector is loss across the supply chain. Therefore, the objectives of...
Soil green manure and physic-hydric attributes under rubber tree plantation in São Paulo’s western plateau, Brazil
December 2016
São Paulo’s western plateau is a privileged region for rubber tree plantation, since it does not present favourable conditions for the development of plant disease. However, the soil in that region is still scarcely studied. This study has the objective of evaluating the effect of management practices applied between the lines of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in physic-hydric attributes of a red oxisol...
Agronomic performance of hybrids and varieties of maize in function of nitrogen in coverage
December 2016
This study aims to compare the agronomic performance and the productivity of the corn hybrid AG 1051 and the Incaper Capixaba 203 variety in function of different nitrogen (N) doses in coverage. The experiment was held at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo - Campus Santa Teresa. The design was of randomized blocks and the treatments were arranged in a split plot scheme, with four repetitions. The plots were...
Quality of seedless watermelon cultivated under different doses and phosphorus application forms
December 2016
Effects of doses and phosphorus application forms were studied on the postharvest quality in seedless watermelon hybrid 'Style'. For this, an experiment was conducted in Upanema/RN, Brazil, during the period of September to December 2013, in a randomized block at factorial scheme 5×2 constituting of five phosphorus doses applied in foundation (0, 76, 168, 275 and 397 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and foundation +...
Different soil tillage systems influence accumulation of soil organic matter in organic agriculture
December 2016
As a sustainable method of agriculture, organic agriculture aims to increase the soil organic matter through the use of crop rotation, legume cover crop, animal green manure, and organic compost. These practices add organic residues with high organic Carbon (C) which results in a higher soil organic matter content over time primarily due to the no-tillage practices. However, different soil tillage systems, such as...
Irrigation depth and harvest date in sweet potato for conversion to biofuels
December 2016
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths and harvest dates in sweet potato for conversion to biofuels. Irrigation treatments were 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 of crop evapotranspiration rates and a control treatment (without irrigation). Harvest dates were: 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 days after planting (DAP). The sweet potato cultivar BRS Cuia (RNC-27.315) was utilized. The experimental...
Effect of crop type and cultivar surface area on rates of decomposition in soils
December 2016
Sustaining the productive capacity of soils has raised interest in the maintenance of soil organic matter through management practices and use of crop residues. While the impact of management practices has been studied, little is done to understand how the charateristics of the residue itself impact the decomposition at the soil surface. This study relates the chemical composition and the surface area of the aboveground...
Crambe performance depending on the potassium doses and cultivation in red latosol
December 2016
Nowadays, the society is seeking renewable energy sources that will replace in a sustainable way, fossil fuels. A source of energy that has stood out with great energetic potential showing itself to be promising in the world is biodiesel. Among several alternatives, the crop, Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) stands out as an oilseed species plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. This culture as a source of...
Technical efficiency of beef cattle production technologies in Nigeria: A stochastic frontier analysis
December 2016
The paper investigated the determinants of beef cattle production and technical efficiency of beef cattle farmers using stochastic frontier production function which incorporates a model of inefficiency effects. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was employed for the selection of 360 respondents comprising 97 nomads, 208 agro-pastoralists and 55 ranchers across the 6 major producing states in Nigeria. The...
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