Plant defense elicitors’ purification in soybean and bean from pathogenic nematode
December 2016
Plant resistance induction against pathogens is an alternative disease control method, which involves the activation of the plant defense mechanisms, such as the phytoalexins induction. The eliciting molecules have the capacity of inducing and activating such responses and thus, techniques have searched to isolate and characterize fractions with eliciting aspect. This study aimed to purify, through ion exchange...
Induction of coffee wilt disease infection using different types of contaminant in field conditions in Democratic Republic of Congo
December 2016
A study was conducted on the induction of coffee wilt disease (CWD) infection with different types of contaminants using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Coffee seedlings were inoculated with infected bark, sub-bark tissues, wood necrotic and an artificial inoculum. Statistical analysis did not show significant differences (P>0.05) between treatments. Results obtained show that all...
Effects of the application of treated domestic sewage via surface and subsurface drip irrigation on the solution and chemical properties of the soil in an orange plantation
December 2016
The use of treated domestic sewage (TDS) in agriculture by drip irrigation in the soil subsurface can serve as an extra treatment and also provide higher availability of water and nutrients to plant roots. It represents safer and healthier cultivation for crops, producers and consumers, and allows the direction of better quality water for domestic consumption. This study aimed to analyze the possible effects of TDS...
Chemical and microbiological changes in a sandy soil with pig liquid waste application in Southern Brazil
December 2016
Liquid residue from pig farming contains nutrients that can be used for the fertilization of cultivated soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate chemical and microbiological changes in a sandy soil under pasture with Bermuda Grass (Cynodon spp) that received doses of pig liquid waste (PLW). The experiment was conducted in Cianorte-PR, Brazil, in a Typic Hapludox soil with sandy texture. The treatments consisted of...
Prevalence and variability of the common bean rust in Uganda
December 2016
Uganda is the second largest producer of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Africa, but common bean rust caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. Unger), is negatively impacting the production of the crop. There is little information on the occurrence and identity of the rust pathotypes present in the country. Consequently, a field survey was carried out during the 2015 second planting season in fifteen districts,...
Analytical approaches for modeling tree crown volume in black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) stands
December 2016
In this paper, four strategies were proposed for modeling tree crown volume using as independent variable stem variables, crown variables, combination of stem and crown variables, and stem volume. We used a dataset comprised of 170 trees from 12 temporary plots located in forest stands in southern Brazil. Models composed of stem variables presented weaker predictive ability. The best model contained crown variables,...
Root spatial distribution in coffee plants of different ages under conservation management system
December 2016
Root system growth and soil structure are interdependent and the threshold of separation between both of them is complex. However, by the evaluation of soil pore space, it is possible to characterize the root system growth environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of conservation management system over time on pore distribution and on root system development of coffee plantation in Cerrado Oxisol,...
Use of cattle waste on the farm
December 2016
Lack of fertile soil is among the main problems in world agricultural production areas, mainly in vegetable crop production areas. In this sense, we aimed to evaluate the the production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) using cow urine as an organic fertilizer. The survey was conducted from June to September 2014 at the School State of Primary and Secondary Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Belém de Brejo do...
Field evaluation of cowpea varieties for adaptation to the forest/savanna transition agroecology of Osun state, Nigeria
December 2016
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) is an important food legume in tropical and sub-tropical Africa. It is grown for food, fodder, a cover crop and consumed as dried seeds rich in carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins. Production of cowpea has not been practiced on a large scale in the forest/savanna transition agro ecology of Nigeria due to high relative humidity, diseases and insect damage. In 2012 and 2013 cropping...
Legumes as green manure for common bean cultivated in two growing seasons at southeast Brazil
December 2016
The use of legumes in pre-cultivation on the common bean has the possibility of providing atmospheric N to the soil, making it available to this crop, and may cover part of its N demand and increase grain yield. The objective of present study was to evaluate the effect of hyacinth bean and jack bean as green manures on the production of common bean grown in two seasons. Cover crops were evaluated for fixed N2, dry...
Chemical attributes of Oxisol under different tillage systems in Northeast of Pará
December 2016
The different tillage systems interfere with soil chemical attributes mainly due to the site of preparation techniques. The aim of this study was to determine, in two time evaluation periods, the changes in soil chemical attributes affected by three tillage systems in Yellow Oxissol. The experimental design consists of a randomized block design, with split-plot (Soil Tillage systems X Depths samples) with 3 repetitions...
24-Epibrassinolid in the biometry of acclimatization to salinity in two cultivars of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.
December 2016
In order to evaluate the influence of application of brassinosteroid phytohormone in mitigating the effects of salt stress at the height, root growth, leaf area, dry mass of leaf and root, stomatal conductance and transpiration, plants of cowpea bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp, cultivars BR3 Guariba and BRS Tracuateua, they were sown in a greenhouse in the absence and presence of brassinosteroid (24-epibrassinolid) in...
Use of additives in combination with UV-C for the conservation of minimally processed ‘Fuji Suprema’ apples
December 2016
Minimally processed fruits need to be treated with techniques to keep their quality, and lower the incidence of their pulp and rots becoming black. In this context, this work aims to evaluate the efficiency of the use of UV-C radiation and different additives in preventing browning and conserving ‘Fuji Suprema’ apples that are minimally processed. The experimental design was completely randomized with...
Operational performance of the mechanized picking of coffee in four soil slope
December 2016
The coffee mechanized picking is an essential operation in modern coffee crop, however, is still an activity with few studies that emphasize the factors that could interfere in its operational performance. Assuming that the slope of the land can be one of these factors, it aimed to evaluate operational performance of a mechanized set of coffee picking in different terrain slopes. The treatments consisted of coffee...
Restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP) for analyzing the agronomic performance of corn
December 2016
Adoption of accurate and simplistic biometric models that estimate variance components, predicting genotypic effects are desired in plant breeding. The aim of this study was to estimate the variance components and predict genotypic values by REML/BLUP for combinations of maize inbred lines derived from two heterotic groups with F1's evaluation in four locations. The crosses originated 25 hybrids that were evaluated...
Morphological characteristics and linear body measurements of Doyogena sheep in Doyogena district of SNNPR, Ethiopia
December 2016
Description of the physical characteristics of livestock breeds is very important for developing a breeding strategy in a particular production system. Doyogena sheep are among the potential breeds of Ethiopia reared in the mixed perennial crop and livestock production system of Southern Ethiopia. This research was conducted to characterise the morphological features of Doyogena sheep in an attempt to develop a breeding...
Spatial distribution of soil chemicals attributes in sugar cane crop area
December 2016
The aim of this paper was to quantify and evaluate the spatial distribution of soil chemical properties in different grid sampling sizes using descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The study was carried out in Bom Sucesso City, Paraná State, Brazil. Using GPS, a 50 x 50 m grid sampling size was set, comprising four samples per hectare. In each grid point positioned on the field, soil samples at a depth of 00...
Quality of mechanized peanut digging in function of the auto guidance
December 2016
Within the context of precision agriculture, the use of automatic guidance is without a doubt one of the most popular tools among farmers, however, are few producers of peanuts using this technology, the benefits from this technology can bring significant gains for culture even more when thinking about reducing the indices of losses in the digging. Thus, it objective was to evaluate the variability of quantitative...
Effects of Crambe-based products (Crambe abyssinica) on the control of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored maize
December 2016
Maize is one of the most consumed cereals in the world, but its consumption is not always immediate. Thus, its storage is an important logistical factor. During the storage period, the grains may be exposed to several pests, including Sitophilus zeamais. The aim of this study was to test different Crambe abyssinica-based products as an alternative control of this pest. The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of...
Farmers’ knowledge, attitude and perceptions on the use of locally available plant material to prevent rodent damage to maize crop in Eastern Tanzania
December 2016
A quantitative study was conducted in the Eastern zone of Tanzania, from May to September 2012 to assess farmers’ knowledge, altitude and practice on the use of locally available plant materials for controlling rodent damage in maize fields and stores. Three villages in three districts were purposively selected with a total of 270 farmers randomly selected for the interview. A semi structured questionnaire was...
Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and minerals of ‘CajuÃ’ (Anacardium humile St. Hill) during the ripening
December 2016
The present study aimed to determine the content of minerals, bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of ‘Cajuí’ (Anacardium humille St. Hill) during the ripening. The fruits were collected in three maturity stages. The content of the minerals, total phenolics, proanthocyanidin and carotenoids contents as well as the antioxidant activity, ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-ethylben-zothiazoline-6-sulphonic...
Agronomic response of arugula to green fertilization with rooster tree during two culture times
December 2016
The consumption of arugula is low compared to lettuce and coriander. However, it has been increasing, and there is a lack of information on fertilization and culture times. Growth and development characteristics of arugula were assessed. It was fertilized with different amounts of rooster tree biomass, at different times in the soil. It was cultured at two planting times (spring-summer and fall), in the municipality of...
Tractor operator anthropometric profile of the Brazilian Northeast State
November 2016
Due to the agricultural modernization, some crops already have their production process fully realized by farm machinery. In order to enhance operational performance and reduce both fatigue and accident risk, it is fundamental to provide a safe and adequate working environment. Therefore, the working station must be adapted to the operator’s anthropometric and mechanical characteristics. The present study aimed to...
Treatments for breaking dormancy of the crotalaria seeds (Crotalaria ochroleuca)
November 2016
The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of methods in breaking dormancy in the seeds of tropical forage legume Crotalaria ochroleuca. The seed treatments were: (T1) water at 100ºC/10 min; (T2) immersed in water for 24 h at ambient temperature, after immersion in water at 100°C/1 min; (T3) acetone (10 min); (T4) ethyl alcohol (10 min); and (T5) intact seeds = control treatment. Data were...
Analysis of creating value in aquaculture enterprises through economic social and environmental indicators
November 2016
Environmental issues play an important role as regard the direction of the economy and public policy. Even though fragmented scientific knowledge does not interact in dialogue and appropriate continuous flow to sustain economic development, it is placed to ensure the need to seek knowledge capable of capturing the multi-causalities and interdependence in the natural order of processes (production) and social...
Smallholder farmers’ indigenous knowledge of maize storage pests and pesticidal plant use: The case of Wards 9 and 10 in Bikita District, Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe
November 2016
Farmers’ indigenous knowledge of storage insect pests and management practices in stored grain protection against insect pests are critical for sustainable food security in the smallholder sector in Zimbabwe. A survey was conducted among 48 and 51 maize farmers in wards 9 and 10 Bikita district respectively, to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes and traditional maize storage management practices against storage...
Decisions for adopting and intensifying the use of chemical fertilizers in cereal production in Burkina Faso
November 2016
This article used a Tobit model to analyze what determines the decisions to adopt and intensify the use of chemical fertilizers in cereal production in Burkina Faso. The results show that the main factors that explain the adoption and increased use of chemical fertilizers are: agricultural potential of the area of production, ownership of a radio set, formal education of actives household members, closeness to an...
Why is adoption of agroforestry stymied in Zambia? Perspectives from the ground-up
November 2016
Small-scale farmers in Zambia are faced with problems of low crop productivity, scarcity of fuel wood and fodder, and subsequently are generally food insecure. Agroforestry can contribute to food and income security, amelioration of the environment and subsequently, to mitigation of climate change effects. However, despite all the potential of agroforestry technologies and the effort to promote them among smallholder...
Jatropha curcas performance in intercropping with forages grass and grain crops species
November 2016
The intercropping system has been accomplished with the objective to supply demand for foods through limited resources by smallholders conditions, associated with worries about improvement of land use efficiency. This study was carried out with the aim to assess the biometric and productive traits of Jatropha curcas in intercropping with species of forage grass and grain crops. The experiment was carried out in the...
Evaporation of soil water based on the quantity and uniformity of crop waste distribution in soil superficies
November 2016
Plant residues influence the energy balance and water vapor flux on the soil surface. The aim of this research was to quantify the effect of the amounts and distribution of crop mulching on evaporation of soil water. The study was carried out at the Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, located in Londrina City, State of Paraná, Brazil. In experiment 1, soil water evaporation was determined according...
Determining and modeling the physical, thermal and aerodynamic properties of Pinto beans with different water contents
November 2016
The present study aimed to determine and model the physical (orthogonal axes, circularity, sphericity and apparent specific mass), thermal (thermal conductivity, specific heat and thermal diffusivity) and aerodynamic properties (thermal experimental speed) of beans grains with different water contents. BRS cultivar were used as test crop and properties were investigated with seven water contents (32.9; 28.1; 24.9; 21.9;...
Analysis of trend in agricultural services received by farmers in Benue State, Nigeria
November 2016
The study was carried out to assess trend in agricultural services received by farmers in Benue State, Nigeria. The three agricultural zones in the state, twelve blocks, thirty cells and four hundred and thirty two farmers constituted the samples for the study. Data were analyzed with percentage and mean score while some were presented in charts. Findings revealed that majority (86.8%) of the respondents were males,...
Physical properties of an Oxisol under different planting and management systems
November 2016
The changes of soil physical and mechanical properties, arising from the traffic of machines in farming operations, have been widely studied, emphasizing the negative effects of soil compaction on crop productivity. The objective was to evaluate the physical properties of an Oxisol under different planting and management systems. A completely randomized design one-way was adopted for the collection of soil samples. The...
Traps to capture fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae)
November 2016
The aim of this study was to determine trap efficiency on capturing fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. The research was conducted in greenhouse of the Entomology Laboratory of the Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraiba – CCA/UFPB, Areia – PB. The trap efficiency was evaluated by comparing three types (Delta, Pet and Circular Trap) with...
Evaluating land suitability for irrigation purpose in Abaya district, Borena zone, Ethiopia
November 2016
Assessment of land suitability for irrigation purpose is important to utilize limited resources efficiently and for the sustainable production of crops and food security of the ever increasing people in our country especially the study area. The existing small scale irrigation system in the Guangua Badiya river basin farming area has no adequate soil and land resource information and also the irrigated area is very...
Effect of different container volumes and concentration of the controlled release fertilizer in the production of Eugenia involucrata DC. seedlings
November 2016
Eugenia involucrata DC. (Myrtaceae) stands out by its ecological potential, and it is indicated in planting in degraded areas and permanent preserved areas. Because of its importance, the work aimed to evaluate the effect of different container volumes and concentrations of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) in the seedlings emergence and the seedlings growth of E. involucrata in nursery. The experiment was conducted...
Sweet potato cultivars grown and harvested at different times in semiarid Brazil
November 2016
Sweet potato constitutes a source of energy and nutrient which is very important economically, especially, for the poorest people in the world, supplies calories, vitamins and minerals in the diet. The determination of the harvest age has great influence on vegetative production, quality, productivity and root biomass. The planting season is determined by climatic elements, which have influence on the growth,...
Growth of eucalyptus seedlings irrigated with different wastewaters
November 2016
This study aimed to evaluate the growth of two species and one eucalyptus hybrid irrigated with different wastewaters. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized split-plot experimental design with three replications. The effluent included: Urban source, beef cattle slaughterhouse, poultry/swine slaughterhouse and soy processing/dairy plant from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In...
Effects of different tillage systems and plant densities in corn silage yield
November 2016
In order to investigate tillage systems and plant densities effects on corn (Zea mays L.cv.sc704) silage yield and component after harvesting wheat, an experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design in a strip plot. Treatments were arranged with four replications in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center Station of Dashte-Naz in Mazandran, Iran, for two years in 2012 and 2013. Tillage systems...
Electric energy consumption and economic feasibility of led lighting system in broiler house
November 2016
This study aimed to compare the performance of incandescent lamps and LED lamps, regarding the consumption of electricity and the economic viability of these lighting systems in broiler houses in western Paraná State, Brazil. The study was conducted to compare the power consumption in two broiler houses of the dark house type in São Miguel do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil; one lighting system with...
Improved production systems for common bean on Phaeozem soil in South-Central Uganda
November 2016
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume in Uganda. Beans managed under conventional systems range in yield from 500 to 800 kg ha-1, with a yield gap of about 75%. The objective of this study was to compare the productivity and net profitability of four bean cultivars grown under three management systems on Phaeozem soil (Mollisol) in Masaka District, Uganda. The experimental design was a...
Characteristics of soils under seasonally flooded wetlands (oshanas) in north-central Namibia
November 2016
Lowland wetlands generally have a high agricultural production potential and can be local hot-spots for biodiversity. Specific seasonal wetland system is largely distributed in north-central Namibia. Seasonal wetlands consist of seasonal river wetlands (locally known as oshanas). However, studies on soil fertility, salinity and sodicity in seasonal river wetlands are still limited in this area. The objective of this...
Technical efficiency among irrigated and non-irrigated olive orchards in Tunisia
November 2016
Tunisia olive production fluctuates yearly because it is highly dependent on annual precipitation, and growers need to enhance productivity and efficiency by introducing irrigation. Investigating how irrigation affects the technical efficiency of olive production may contribute to improvement in productivity. This study employs the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) methods to...
Periodicity of crop coefficient and soil water depletion fraction in a climatological water balance
November 2016
In comparison to a measured field water balance (FWB), we aimed to evaluate the impact of using different functions to daily estimate the crop coefficient (Kc) and soil water depletion fraction (p) in a climatological water balance (CWB), and verify that the grouping of output variables provides improved results. The FWB was conducted in Telêmaco Borba, Southern Brazil. The data were collected at weekly intervals...
Evaluation and selection of promising sunflower germplasm under early winter planting conditions
November 2016
Agronomic potential of traditional sunflower spring varieties is low because their flowering and grain filling are often exposed to mid and end-season drought. To overcome this, new breeding strategy consisted of selecting varieties tolerant to winter cold in order to shift to autumn or early winter planting. Nowadays, ‘Ichraq’ is the only registered autumn variety in Morocco. The objective of this research...
Fremont mandarin: Fruit with a long shelf life for the fresh fruit market
November 2016
The goals of the present study were to identify resistant mandarin varieties with potential for the fresh fruit market that could enable an extension of the harvesting season and to develop appropriate methods to maintain fruit quality for longer storage periods. Fremont mandarin fruits were harvested at optimum maturity and stored with and without wax coating under different storage conditions: ambient (21 ±...
Soil physico-chemical properties and land suitability evaluation for maize (Zea mays), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) in tephra soils of the western slopes of mount Kupe (Cameroon)
November 2016
Soils of the western slopes of Kupe Mountain in Cameroon were characterized to understand their proper land use and sustainable management. Evaluation of land suitability for maize (Zea mays), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) were assessed, considering the socio-economic importance of these crops in Cameroon. Three sites, representative of the study area were identified following a...
Phenotypic characterization of physic nut populations
November 2016
This study aimed to identify phenotypic plasticity in populations of Jatropha curcas. The experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with eleven treatments and four replications. Morphophysiological variables were analyzed in the agricultural year, 2014-2015. Positive correlations were only observed between crown diameter and seed production, and canopy diameter and stomatal density in adaxial...
Methods for breaking seed dormancy of ryegrass during storage periods
November 2016
The presence of dormant seeds makes it difficult to evaluate physiological quality and requires the use of appropriate methods in order to break seed dormancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different methods to break the dormancy of ryegrass seeds stored under environment conditions in different periods. Ryegrass seeds, BRS Ponteio cultivar, produced in two locations were used and...
Effect of phosphorus fertilization on yield and quality of onion bulbs
November 2016
Obtaining information about the onion responses to different doses of phosphorus can contribute to optimizing the use of fertilizers and consequently make the activity more profitable with less impact on the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different phosphorus doses on yield and quality of onion bulbs. The design of the experiment was in a randomized block design with four...
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