Morphophysiological changes in young plants of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) subjected to water stress and recovery
November 2016
To investigate drought-induced changes in morphophysiological characteristics, seedlings of two genotypes of Jatropha curcas (CNPAE 183 and CNPAE 191) were grown under two watering regimes: irrigated (-33.1 to 13.5 to kPa) and water deficit (-409.5 to 49.5 to kPa) for 55 days, followed by six days of rehydration (DAR). Withholding water led to a significant reduction (p<0.05) of leaf water potential (ΨW) and an...
Kinetics drying of Spirulina platensis
November 2016
Spirulina platensis is a blue-green multicellular photosynthetic cyanobacterium and it is used in many countries as human and animal feed. The aim of this work is to determine and set kinetics drying for S. platensis at different temperatures (30, 40, 50 and 60°C). A completely randomized design was adopted and the treatments were the drying temperatures. S. platensis was furnished by the company, Brasil Vital,...
Abundance and distribution of Striga (Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth.) infestation in selected sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L. Moench) growing areas of Tigray Region, Ethiopia
November 2016
A survey was conducted in 2014 to determine the abundance and distribution of Striga hermonthica in selected woredas of Tigray. S. hermonthica was commonly distributed across all study sites, its prevalence varied among sites (Kebelies). The highest levels of Striga infestation was observed at Hadinet (400), Dabano (390), Nebar Hadinet (351), Giera (299), Hadas Lemlem (278), Selam (267), and Zuriya Dansha (261)....
Dynamics of biomass of pearl millet and Paiaguas palisadegrass in different forage systems and sowing periods in yield of soybean
November 2016
There is increasing global concern with environmental food production and sustainability to maintain high carbon stocks in soil biomass. The biomass produced in crop-livestock integration system increases soil organic matter, acts in nutrient cycling, improves the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil and increases grain production. Moreover, this soil management system mitigates greenhouse effect...
Effects of chemical and bio-fertilizers on yield, yield components and grain quality of maize (Zea mays L.)
November 2016
A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive seasons (2009 and 2010) to assess the effect of two microbial fertilizers, chicken manure, urea and their possible combinations on the performance of a maize variety (Hudeiba 45). The bio fertilizers used were Azospirillum brasilense (A), Azotobacter sp (B) and chicken manure (CM) at a rate of 7t/ha). Urea (46% N) was applied at rates of 120kg/ha (N) and 40kg/ha (T)....
Urban crop production in southeast Nigeria: Potentials and constraints
November 2016
Urban farming (UF) offers potential benefits to urban areas and has captured the attention of residents. Based on a survey and interview of 210 urban farmers, this article explores the potential benefits, and constraints to urban farming, in southeast Nigeria. The farmers indicated that the potential benefits included: food source, income source and efficient utilization of space among others. Major food produced were...
Reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica in crambe plant and influence on crop yield and oil content
November 2016
The crambe is an oilseed plant of the Brassicaceae family, which has the potential to grow in the winter, in succession to soybean crop, and whose seeds have been used for extraction of oil for biofuel production. However, in areas with nematode infestation, special care is needed in the selection of the species to be used in crop succession. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the susceptibility of crambe to...
Technical efficiency among irrigated and non-irrigated olive orchards in Tunisia
November 2016
Tunisia olive production fluctuates yearly because it is highly dependent on annual precipitation, and growers need to enhance productivity and efficiency by introducing irrigation. Investigating how irrigation affects the technical efficiency of olive production may contribute to improvement in productivity. This study employs the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) methods to...
Periodicity of crop coefficient and soil water depletion fraction in a climatological water balance
November 2016
In comparison to a measured field water balance (FWB), we aimed to evaluate the impact of using different functions to daily estimate the crop coefficient (Kc) and soil water depletion fraction (p) in a climatological water balance (CWB), and verify that the grouping of output variables provides improved results. The FWB was conducted in Telêmaco Borba, Southern Brazil. The data were collected at weekly intervals...
Evaluation and selection of promising sunflower germplasm under early winter planting conditions
November 2016
Agronomic potential of traditional sunflower spring varieties is low because their flowering and grain filling are often exposed to mid and end-season drought. To overcome this, new breeding strategy consisted of selecting varieties tolerant to winter cold in order to shift to autumn or early winter planting. Nowadays, ‘Ichraq’ is the only registered autumn variety in Morocco. The objective of this research...
Fremont mandarin: Fruit with a long shelf life for the fresh fruit market
November 2016
The goals of the present study were to identify resistant mandarin varieties with potential for the fresh fruit market that could enable an extension of the harvesting season and to develop appropriate methods to maintain fruit quality for longer storage periods. Fremont mandarin fruits were harvested at optimum maturity and stored with and without wax coating under different storage conditions: ambient (21 ±...
Effect of phosphorus fertilization on yield and quality of onion bulbs
November 2016
Obtaining information about the onion responses to different doses of phosphorus can contribute to optimizing the use of fertilizers and consequently make the activity more profitable with less impact on the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different phosphorus doses on yield and quality of onion bulbs. The design of the experiment was in a randomized block design with four...
Agronomic performance and path analysis of roundup ready and conventional soybean from two-way crosses in the northwestern of São Paulo, Brazil
November 2016
The aim of this study was to compare the agronomic performance of RR soybean genotypes with conventional soybean genotypes derived from two-way crosses and evaluate through path analysis the influence of important traits for culture on the grain yield (GY) in the Northwestern of São Paulo, Brazil. It was used the randomized block design with three replications. Among the analyzed RR genotypes, three genotypes has...
Soil physico-chemical properties and land suitability evaluation for maize (Zea mays), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) in tephra soils of the western slopes of mount Kupe (Cameroon)
November 2016
Soils of the western slopes of Kupe Mountain in Cameroon were characterized to understand their proper land use and sustainable management. Evaluation of land suitability for maize (Zea mays), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) were assessed, considering the socio-economic importance of these crops in Cameroon. Three sites, representative of the study area were identified following a...
Methods for breaking seed dormancy of ryegrass during storage periods
November 2016
The presence of dormant seeds makes it difficult to evaluate physiological quality and requires the use of appropriate methods in order to break seed dormancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different methods to break the dormancy of ryegrass seeds stored under environment conditions in different periods. Ryegrass seeds, BRS Ponteio cultivar, produced in two locations were used and...
Phenotypic characterization of physic nut populations
November 2016
This study aimed to identify phenotypic plasticity in populations of Jatropha curcas. The experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with eleven treatments and four replications. Morphophysiological variables were analyzed in the agricultural year, 2014-2015. Positive correlations were only observed between crown diameter and seed production, and canopy diameter and stomatal density in adaxial...
Determination of wheat crop coefficient (Kc) and soil water evaporation (Ke) in Maringa, PR, Brazil
November 2016
The objective of the present study was to determine the crop coefficient (Kc) of wheat and soil water evaporation (Ke) in Maringá, PR, Brazil. Wheat crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was determined through the water balance method, using drainage lysimeters integrated with soil moisture measurements. The ETo was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation with climate data from an automatic weather station, then Kc...
Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from cattle farming wastewater using constructed wetland system
November 2016
The confined dairy cattle system employs the most modern production techniques with respect to the genetic standards of the herds. The success found in these systems promoted an increase in the number of confined animals and, consequently, an increase in the produced volume of waste, causing the waste from dairy cattle farming to be one of the largest problems in intensive management systems. This effluent has high...
Prevalence of viruses infecting plantain (Musa sp., AAB genome) in the major growing regions in Cote d’Ivoire
November 2016
This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l’ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were...
Irrigation water management during the ripening of tomato aiming fruit quality
November 2016
Despite the shortage of water resources be evident worldwide, turning prosperous lands into unproductive and affecting the existence of humidity, there is a great fraction of producers who still do not implement the proper management of the irrigation water in their properties. The poor management of irrigation is still a reality for most of the producers located in Brazil Middle Cerrado, which continue irrigating the...
Growth and physiology of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) irrigated with saline water and biofertilizer application times
November 2016
The peanut crop has adaptive features to high salinity levels in the soil, due to its morphological and physiological characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biofertilizer in reducing the effects of irrigation water salinity on the vegetative and physiological behavior of the peanut crop, as well as the crop development under saline conditions. The experiment was conducted in a...
Soil micronutrients status assessment, mapping and spatial distribution of Damboya, Kedida Gamela and Kecha Bira Districts, Kambata Tambaro zone, Southern Ethiopia
November 2016
Micronutrients are important for crop growth, production and their deficiency and toxicity affect crop yield. However, the up dated information about their status and spatial distribution in Ethiopian soils is scarce. Therefore, fertilizer recommendation for crops in the country has until recently focused on nitrogen and phosphorus macronutrients only. But many studies have revealed the deficiency of some micronutrients...
Determinants of profit in sustainable forest management in the Brazilian Amazon
November 2016
The sustainable management of tropical forests has been a great concern and challenge for the forest sector in the Brazilian Amazon. This study aimed to better understand sustainable forest management in the Brazilian Amazon focusing on two research questions: (a) Is sustainable tropical timber production financially viable? (b) What are the profit determinants under sustainable forest management? In this research, we...
Method and phenological characterization of the stadiums and phases of the development of castor bean plants
November 2016
With increasing global energy demands, the production of biofuels has been gaining economic importance, with the castor oil plant being one option for the production of biofuel. This study was performed on irrigated cultivation of the castor oil plant, variety IAC 2028, from March to October 2011, in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with the following aims: a) to characterise and estimate the sub stages and stages of the...
Growth aspects and production of cotton under salt stress as a function of organic fertilizer
November 2016
The cotton plant is a species cultivated in many parts of the world, with enormous economic importance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of salinity levels in earthworm humus quantities function on the growth and production of cotton. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Campus IV in the State University of Paraiba, municipality of Catolé do Rocha-PB,...
Growth indexes, production and tolerance of peanut irrigated with saline water and bovine biofertilizer
November 2016
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is one of the most cultivated oil plant worldwide since it is widely consumed as food. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the growth, production and tolerance of peanuts under the effect of different levels of electrical conductivities in irrigation water and bovine biofertilizer. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at the State University of Paraíba - Campus IV,...
Productivity and quality of watermelon as function of phosphorus doses and variety
November 2016
Although watermelon is one of the major vegetable-fruit crop, management fertilization still lacks information for increased productivity, quality and profitability, and to lower environmental impact. An experiment was conducted in Mossoró, Brasilian city of Rio Grande do Norte, from August to October 2012, to evaluate the effects of doses of phosphorus (P) (0, 45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 kg ha-1 P2O5) in...
Anthelmintic and antioxidant potential of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench in vitro
November 2016
One of the limiting factors of sheep breeding is helminth infection, mainly resulting in poor weight gain. The combination of parasite control strategies, including the use of medicinal herbs can reduce the use of chemical anthelmintics. Tanniferous plants, by having phenolic compounds, mainly condensed tannins were associated with anthelmintic action. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (buckwheat) has flavonoids, phenolic...
Pore size distribution and hydro-physical properties of cohesive horizons treated with anionic polymer
November 2016
Long molecular chain of polymers with active groups, combined with its complexity and flexibility to different environmental conditions provides an interaction of these groups with the mineral soil clays, thereby qualifying the polymers as soil flocculants effective. This study is aimed at evaluating the pore size distribution and hydro-physical properties of soils with cohesive horizons of the coastal plains of...
Predicting grain yields of maize in an Ultisol amended with organic wastes using modified productivity index in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria
November 2016
Predicting grain yields of maize in soil amended with organic wastes using modified productivity index was studied for three cropping seasons. Soil samples for determination of productivity index and individual productivity indicators for prediction of grain yields of maize were collected from 0 15, 15-30, 30-45, and 45-60 cm depths. Ascribed sufficiency value was assigned to each productivity indicator of bulk density,...
Agronomic performance evaluation of sugarcane varieties under Finchaa Sugar Estate agro-ecological conditions
November 2016
Field experiment was conducted at Finchaa Sugar Estate, to evaluate and select sugarcane varieties with better agronomic performances under Finchaa agro-ecological condition. Eleven sugarcane varieties are namely, :B58 230, N53 216, N52 219, M202/46, CP47/193, DB386/60, B59 250, COK 30, B60 163, CO 1148, BO 60349 and NCo334 (Check variety) were evaluated in completely randomized block design with three...
Development of an automated system of aeration for grain storage
October 2016
Stored grain should be preserved as much as possible during storage process, because of the occurrence of chemical, biochemical, physical and microbiological changes. The grain storage process consists of storing this material for a later use after a certain period. This study aims at to develop a prototype for grain aeration; to develop a software to control aeration strategies; and to evaluate the development of...
Yield and growth characteristics of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) as affected by prior heat stress and nutrient addition
October 2016
In the tropics, high temperatures and nutrient inaccessibility are often the most limiting factors affecting plant growth and final crop yield. However, it remain incomprehensible the actual impact of simultaneous interaction of prior heat stress and nutrient addition on growth and yield of cowpea plant, knowing that cowpea plant is an important grain legumes for over 200 million people in dry savanna of tropical...
Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity in edible biomass of tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus var. palmensis)
October 2016
Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus (L. fit.) Link var. palmensis (Christ) Hansen and Sunding is a perennial fodder shrub naturalized in a range of environments for its valuable forage traits. This research was aimed at evaluating the seasonal variation in chemical composition, bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties in edible biomass components (leaves, twigs, flowers, and pods) of tagasaste grown in a...
Trichoderma-bean interaction: Defense enzymes activity and endophytism
October 2016
Biotic inducing agents such as Trichoderma spp. are an alternative for the induction of resistance by activating defense mechanisms of plants. This work aimed to study the interaction between bean and Trichoderma spp. evaluating the effects of the induction of resistance in bean through the defense enzymes activity and ability to endofitism. The experimental was design in randomized blocks, with four replications, being...
Effect of Allium sativum (garlic) extract on the growth and nodulation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea)
October 2016
It has been demonstrated that symbiotic N2 fixation enhances soil fertility and productivity as well as increases carbon sequestration and nutrient conservation. Green house experiments were conducted to ascertain the effect of garlic extract on the nodulation of cowpea and groundnut plants. Different concentrations of the extract (20, 40, 60 and 80%), were applied to the plant at 2 weeks after planting. Both legumes...
Agronomic performance of local and introduced plantains, dessert, cooking and beer bananas (Musa spp.) across different altitude and soil conditions in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
October 2016
Agronomic performances of local and exotic Musa species were evaluated across seven agro-ecologies in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Generally, all the cultivars performed well. Mean bunch yields varied between 11 and 42 kg across different use groups and agro-ecologies. Introduced cultivars had higher or comparable yields to the local cultivars across agro-ecologies. The exotic beer cultivar ‘NARI...
Germination capacity of some halophytic plants species under increasing salinity
October 2016
In Tunisia, more particularly in semiarid and arid areas, the drought accentuated by the surface evaporation of water lead to gradual increase in salinity of the soil which a major hurdal in development of vegetation. In these highly salted ecosystems, some plants are growing naturally; however, various species show different tolerance levels to salinity during their development. Seed germination is the stage which is...
Seeding density of Brachiaria ruziziensis intercropped with grain sorghum and effects on soybean in succession
October 2016
Sorghum is an alternative crop to produce grains in the off-season in Brazilian Cerrado and the intercropping with Brachiaria species enable to produce dry matter on the soil surface for a longer time. However, there is limited information on Brachiaria ruziziensis seed density to be applied to intercropping with sorghum without causing decreases in sorghum grain yield. The objective of the study was to evaluate the...
Seeding rate and physiological quality of dual purpose wheat seeds
October 2016
Wheat dual purpose (Triticum aestivum L.) has elevated biomass production, high tillering potential, long vegetative stage, short reproductive period. Therefore, this study aim to reveal the seeding rates effect on physiological attributes of wheat dual purpose seeds grown in three agricultural crops, and identify a population management strategy and check the response stability of the traits in southern Brazil. The...
Selection of S0:2 maize progenies using a mixed-model approach
October 2016
In breeding programs, obtaining breeding lines was important, and first selfing selection generations is common. In addition, an analytic approach through mixed models can lead to more success in genotype selection because it lends flexibility in analysis of unbalanced data and provides more precise genotypic values in regard to progenies evaluated. The goal of this study was to make early selection (in the S2...
Comparison of mapping soybean areas in Brazil through perceptron neural networks and vegetation indices
October 2016
This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) settings to differentiate and estimate areas of soybean by employing the vegetation index with and without time series. Study area comprises the state of Paraná, South Brazil. The images used to process the ANN were Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Perpendicular Vegetation Index (PVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)...
Efficient control of conidium germination, mycelial growth and early blight in tomato in vitro with essential oils under farm conditions
October 2016
The aim of this work was to find a natural product and efficient dose to control early blight in tomato crop in agro-ecological or conventional agriculture system. The treatments were essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Piper hispidinervum, Cymbopogon martini, Rosmarinus officinalis, Syzygium aromaticum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Mentha piperita, Citrus sinensis var. dulcis, and Melaleuca...
Effect of hydro-priming duration on germination and early seedling growth of rapeseed under salinity stress
October 2016
A laboratory experiment was carried out to assess the possibility of decreasing the negative effects of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of canola by hydro-priming of seeds. A 7×5 factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was employed to compare the treatments. Seed priming comprised 0.0, 4.0, 8.0, 12.0, 16.0, 18.0 and 24.0 h seeds soaking in distilled water, and salinity...
Development and production of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) in different space arrangements
October 2016
The development of management methods appropriate for the culture of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is essential to improve productivity. This research aimed to evaluate and quantify the development and productivity of chia plants in different row spacing and planting density in Western region of Paraná. As the treatments used were four row spacing (0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 m) in three plant densities (200,000,...
Evaluation of solvent retention capacity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flour depending on genotype and different timing of nitrogenous fertilizer application
October 2016
Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. The objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the solvent retention capacity of wheat flour from three genotypes when nitrogenous fertilizer is applied at different stages of crop growth; and (ii) to evaluate the possible existence of correlations between different solvents when nitrogenous fertilizer is applied at different stages of crop growth. The...
Agronomic performance, production components and agricultural productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars
October 2016
The rain fed crop is highly dependent on environmental conditions, and study aims to evaluate the agronomic performance, yield components and agricultural productivity of six maize cultivars in the region of the coastal tablelands of Alagoas State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete block, with five replications and six treatments. Six maize cultivars, three varieties (Jaboatão, Batité...
Operating and energetic performance of the assembly tractor-scarifier in different liquid ballasting and working depths
October 2016
The working depth and ballasting are factors that can influence directly the operational and energy performance of a mechanized set. The objective of this study was to evaluate the operational and energetic performance of the set tractor-scarifier, working at three depths under two ballasting conditions. The study was conducted in the experimental area of ​​mechanization of the Department of Agricultural Engineering...
Multivariate analysis of the genetic divergence among populations of ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
October 2016
The genus Capsicum presents a wide genetic variability. The most common way to determine this variability has been based upon morphological descriptors. We studied the genetic divergence among populations of ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using two different multivariate techniques: Cluster analysis and canonical discriminant variables. The analyses enabled us to determine the morphological descriptors that...
Exploitation of variability for salinity tolerance in maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) at early growth stage
October 2016
Salinity is extremely serious problem that has a drastic effect on maize crop, environment and causes economic losses of country. An advance technique to overcome salinity is to develop salt tolerant genotypes which require screening of huge germplasm to start a breeding program. Therefore, present study was undertaken to screen out 25 maize hybrids of different origin for salinity tolerance at seedling stage under...
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