Mineral and organic fertilizer in two Physalis species
January 2017
Physalis cultivation can be an alternative of extra income for small and medium producers, mainly with the use of materials available on the property that can replace chemical fertilizer. This study aimed to evaluate agronomic parameters of Physalis peruviana and P. pubescens submitted two different sources of fertilization - chemical and organic. We evaluated plant height, shoot dry mass, production/plant, fruits...
Optimal sample size and data arrangement method in estimating correlation matrices with lesser collinearity: A statistical focus in maize breeding
January 2017
Information about data arrangement methodologies and optimal sample size in estimating the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) among maize traits are still limited. Furthermore, some data arrangement methodologies currently used may be increasing multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis. This study aimed to investigate the statistical behavior of the r and the multicollinearity of correlation matrices among...
The utilization of tropical legumes to provide nitrogen to pastures: A review
January 2017
Sustainable models of animal production constantly seek for ways to pasture production with inputs reduction. In this context, the introduction of forage legumes in the pasture system is fundamental to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and supply it to grasses, increasing its production and persistence, enhancing animal nutrition as it grazes, at the same time. Still, the use of plant mixes in the system brings further...
Plant secondary metabolites and its dynamical systems of induction in response to environmental factors: A review
January 2017
Under natural conditions, the plants are, usually, surrounded by a series of potential enemies. They had created strategies of defense against pathogens and herbivores' attacks, allowing its perpetuation throughout evolution. These defense mechanisms are closely associated with the synthesis of secondary metabolites, which are also worldwide used in several areas of industry. This bibliographic review was conducted...
Nutritional diagnosis of sugarcane varieties in a Yellow Oxisol during three agricultural seasons
January 2017
Leaf analysis is one of the main methods used for the evaluation of nutritional requirements in sugarcane culture, contributing to a better management of fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of sugarcane varieties by quantifying the leaf content of macro and micronutrients of the +3 leaf. The varieties RB92579, RB867515, VAT90-212 and SP813250 were evaluated in a Yellow Oxisol at Fazenda...
Relative forage preference by camel (Camelus dromedarius) as influenced by season, sex and age in the Sahel zone of north western Nigeria
January 2017
A study on effect of age, sex and seasonal variation in forage preference of camel was conducted in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of north western Nigeria. A total number of 12 camels were used in the study. Data were collected at an interval of 5 min for each category of animal for 3 consecutive days in dry and rainy seasons using scan sampling method. Based on the observation, the number of plants preferred in this study...
Effects of associated co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum with Azospirillum brasilense on soybean yield and growth
January 2017
The continuous development of soybean cultivars aiming at higher yields can result in a demand of N supply higher than the standard inoculation with Bradyrhizobium species. In this context, Azospirillum species, a nitrogen-fixing microorganism found in the rhizosphere of various plant species, may be studied as a way of providing soybean crop with the part of the N it needs. Employing a completely randomized design with...
Estimated damage caused by ramularia leaf spots on cotton
January 2017
The objectives of this study are to establish damage functions for the Ramularia areola pathosystem and characterize the damage in cultivars susceptible and resistant to it. The experiment was conducted in the city of Tangará da Serra in the 2012/2013 harvest season. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications in a factorial arrangement of four cultivars × four gradients. The plots...
Effect of organo-mineral fertilizer and poultry litter waste on sugarcane yield and some plant and soil chemical properties
January 2017
Application of organic wastes in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is an alternative possibly replacing or supplementing mineral fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of poultry litter, organo-mineral fertilizer and mineral fertilizer on soil chemical properties, yield and plant content of macronutrients in sugarcane. The experiment was conducted at the Jalles Machado Mill in Goianésia- GO, from...
Physical and chemical characteristics and drying kinetics of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
January 2017
This study aimed to characterize the physical and chemical composition, antioxidant activity, essential oil yield, drying kinetics and fit to mathematical models, color parameters, particle size and scanning electron microscopy of fresh turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa L.). The physical and chemical composition of turmeric showed technological interest, with standards consistent with those reported in the literature....
Biological control of the bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum by bioprotector with fungi chitosan from Cunninghamella elegans on tomatoes
January 2017
Fertilization is one of the most important means to improve plant production and nutrient uptake. Tomatoes plants are very exigent on fertilizers and sensitive to diseases. For satisfactory yield and fruit quality soil fertility and diseases need to be controlled. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bioprotector that contains fungi chitosan as an alternative biofertilizer, which releases...
Soybean as bioindicador of residual effect of 2,4-D herbicide in an oxisol from the Brazilian cerrado
January 2017
Invasive plants, besides competing for space, also compete for water, light, and nutrients against the crop, what may cause drastic production cuts. Chemical control through herbicides is the most widely used method to control these plants. This study aimed to evaluate the persistence of the 2,4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) herbicide in soybean (Glycine max L.) crops in an Oxisol from the Brazilian Cerrado. The...
Growth comparison of 22 genotypes of conilon coffee after regular pruning cycle
January 2017
A regular pruning cycle (RPC) reduces costs when implementing crop treatments and facilitates semi-mechanized harvesting. However, there is information on plant development under this system. Thus, this study aimed to assess the new branch growth of 22 genotypes of Coffea canephora (conilon) after a regular pruning cycle. The assay was conducted at Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Southern Espírito Santo State, Brazil....
Growth of Piper nigrum L. and nutrients cycling by intercropping with leguminous species
January 2017
Nitrogen (N) fixation is performed efficiently by leguminous plants, which can then be used as ‘green manure’ to reduce the need for synthetic fertilizer (especially N) and thus sustainably provide satisfactory crop yields with low production costs. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intercropping with leguminous species used as cover crops on branch growth and nutrient cycling of pepper...
Soil green manure and physic-hydric attributes under rubber tree plantation in São Paulo’s western plateau, Brazil
December 2016
São Paulo’s western plateau is a privileged region for rubber tree plantation, since it does not present favourable conditions for the development of plant disease. However, the soil in that region is still scarcely studied. This study has the objective of evaluating the effect of management practices applied between the lines of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in physic-hydric attributes of a red oxisol...
Assessment of fruit postharvest handling practices and losses in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
December 2016
Demand for fresh fruit is steadily increasing in big cities of Northwestern Ethiopia. As a result, fruits are transported from nearby as well as long distance sources to urban centers such as Bahir Dar. The type of fruit crops available in the market and number of fruit retailers are increasing from time to time. However, the key challenge facing the sector is loss across the supply chain. Therefore, the objectives of...
Agronomic performance of hybrids and varieties of maize in function of nitrogen in coverage
December 2016
This study aims to compare the agronomic performance and the productivity of the corn hybrid AG 1051 and the Incaper Capixaba 203 variety in function of different nitrogen (N) doses in coverage. The experiment was held at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo - Campus Santa Teresa. The design was of randomized blocks and the treatments were arranged in a split plot scheme, with four repetitions. The plots were...
Characterization of production system and breeding practices of sheep producers in Doyogena district, Southern Ethiopia
December 2016
An exploratory survey was undertaken in Doyogena district of Southern Nation Nationalities Peoples region of Ethiopia to understand the sheep production system, the breeding practices, selection criteria and sheep production constraints in order to develop a sheep breeding strategy. Data were collected from 107 households using semi-structured questionnaire and group discussion. Descriptive statistics and index were...
Factors associated with weed occurrence in Southwest region of Goiás
December 2016
After the introduction of Roundup Ready® technology, there were changes in community composition of weeds in the Southwest of Goiás. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating weed distribution in different cropping systems in this region. Thus, phytosociological survey was conducted in three different periods. Studies were conducted on thirty-five areas derived from combined soybean crops resistant to...
Phenology, yield and fruit quality of four persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) cultivars in São Paulo’s Midwest countryside, Brazil
December 2016
The aim of this study is to evaluate the phenology, yield and fruit physicochemical characteristics of four persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki L.) in São Paulo’s Midwest countryside, Brazil. The persimmon cultivars studied were ‘Pomelo’, ‘Rama Forte’, ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Rubi’. The main phenological phases of persimmons trees were evaluated. Despite significant...
Root-promoting substances enhance Sugarcane's drought tolerance
December 2016
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) is an expanding culture for the production of bioethanol around the world which requires certain practices to improve its productive performance at the different ecosystems. This work's aim is to evaluate the initial Sugarcane growth and drought tolerance through the application of biostimulants. For this purpose an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using completely randomized...
Technical efficiency of beef cattle production technologies in Nigeria: A stochastic frontier analysis
December 2016
The paper investigated the determinants of beef cattle production and technical efficiency of beef cattle farmers using stochastic frontier production function which incorporates a model of inefficiency effects. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was employed for the selection of 360 respondents comprising 97 nomads, 208 agro-pastoralists and 55 ranchers across the 6 major producing states in Nigeria. The...
Crambe performance depending on the potassium doses and cultivation in red latosol
December 2016
Nowadays, the society is seeking renewable energy sources that will replace in a sustainable way, fossil fuels. A source of energy that has stood out with great energetic potential showing itself to be promising in the world is biodiesel. Among several alternatives, the crop, Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) stands out as an oilseed species plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. This culture as a source of...
Quality of seedless watermelon cultivated under different doses and phosphorus application forms
December 2016
Effects of doses and phosphorus application forms were studied on the postharvest quality in seedless watermelon hybrid 'Style'. For this, an experiment was conducted in Upanema/RN, Brazil, during the period of September to December 2013, in a randomized block at factorial scheme 5×2 constituting of five phosphorus doses applied in foundation (0, 76, 168, 275 and 397 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and foundation +...
Effect of crop type and cultivar surface area on rates of decomposition in soils
December 2016
Sustaining the productive capacity of soils has raised interest in the maintenance of soil organic matter through management practices and use of crop residues. While the impact of management practices has been studied, little is done to understand how the charateristics of the residue itself impact the decomposition at the soil surface. This study relates the chemical composition and the surface area of the aboveground...
Irrigation depth and harvest date in sweet potato for conversion to biofuels
December 2016
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths and harvest dates in sweet potato for conversion to biofuels. Irrigation treatments were 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 of crop evapotranspiration rates and a control treatment (without irrigation). Harvest dates were: 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 days after planting (DAP). The sweet potato cultivar BRS Cuia (RNC-27.315) was utilized. The experimental...
Different soil tillage systems influence accumulation of soil organic matter in organic agriculture
December 2016
As a sustainable method of agriculture, organic agriculture aims to increase the soil organic matter through the use of crop rotation, legume cover crop, animal green manure, and organic compost. These practices add organic residues with high organic Carbon (C) which results in a higher soil organic matter content over time primarily due to the no-tillage practices. However, different soil tillage systems, such as...
Dry bean crop productivity simulation for soil and climatic conditions of Tangará da Serra, MT - Brazil
December 2016
The Brazilian national growing of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) currently comes in three annual harvests, which are the wet season, sowing between October and December, the Dry Season, sowing between February and May, and finally the Winter Season, sowing in June to August. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal sowing date for each of the three different sowing seasons wet, dry and winter of dry bean...
Effects of BAU- biofungicide and Proud on disease severity, seed quality, vigour index and health status of seed against brown spot disease of rice
December 2016
The experiment was conducted with three replication in randomized complete block design in field laboratory of Department of Agronomy, Bangaladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Extracts of garlic (Allium sativum) and neem (Azadirachta indica), BAU-Biofungicide (Trichoderma based preparation) and Proud (Propiconazole) and Bavistin (Bavistin DF) were evaluated under field condition in controlling brown spot disease...
Irrigation history and pruning effect on growth and yield of jatropha on a plantation in southeastern Brazil
December 2016
Jatropha is an oilseed culture that has been highlighted due some specific agronomic aspects. This plant produces high oil quantities in its seeds that is used for biodiesel production. One of the major challenges regarding to the Jatropha cultivation is the lack of information on many management techniques, especially the irrigation and pruning management in adult plants in southeastern Brazil. The objective of this...
Adaptability and stability parameters for immature seeds and pods and mature dried seeds in cowpea genotypes in Brazil northeast
December 2016
The aim of this study was to estimate adaptability and stability parameters in genotypes of cowpea for the yield of immature seeds and pods and mature dried seeds, in order to enable the recommendation of cultivars for the region of São Francisco Submedium valley. We evaluated 30 cowpea genotypes, being fourteen lines of Embrapa Semiarid, six commercial cultivars and 10 landraces in the municipalities of...
White thread blight disease caused by Marasmiellus scandens (Massee) Dennis & Reid on cocoa and its control in Ghana
December 2016
White thread blight disease (WTBD) is currently emerging as an important foliar disease on cocoa in Ghana. The disease has been known in the country for many years. Yet, the incidence and severity levels on cocoa in the growing regions are not known. Surveys and sampling were conducted between 2011 and 2013 to estimate incidence and severity of WTBD in the six cocoa growing regions (Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo, Central,...
Influence of environmental factors on carpetgrass seed germination
December 2016
The aim of this study was to verify the influence of temperature, light, substrate, sowing methods, and salt and water stress on carpetgrass (Axonopus affinis, in the Poaceae family) seed germination. All four trials were performed in a germination chamber under controlled conditions of temperature, moisture and photoperiod. Experimental designs were entirely randomized with 100 seeds per plot. For the study of...
Soil chemical properties under a no-tillage system: Forage grass seeding modes of gender urochloa intercropped with maize
December 2016
Different farming practices and soil management can make changes in the chemical properties of the soil. In this sense, the monitoring of these possible changes is essential for proper soil correction and/or using systems that are more sustainable. The objective of this work was to verify the behavior of the chemical attributes of a Latosol (Oxisol) under a no-tillage system of plantation, by intercropping maize with...
Spatial variability of soil physical and hydraulic properties in the southern Brazil small watershed
December 2016
In order to provide an adequate usage to agricultural soils it is crucial to comprehend the soil physical attributes and their spatial variability. The variability of soil attributes is dependent on several formation processes and interactions. To properly describe such complex variability, the statistical methods used must incorporate the spatial and temporal influences. In this context, the present study was developed...
24-Epibrassinolid in the biometry of acclimatization to salinity in two cultivars of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.
December 2016
In order to evaluate the influence of application of brassinosteroid phytohormone in mitigating the effects of salt stress at the height, root growth, leaf area, dry mass of leaf and root, stomatal conductance and transpiration, plants of cowpea bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp, cultivars BR3 Guariba and BRS Tracuateua, they were sown in a greenhouse in the absence and presence of brassinosteroid (24-epibrassinolid) in...
Chemical attributes of Oxisol under different tillage systems in Northeast of Pará
December 2016
The different tillage systems interfere with soil chemical attributes mainly due to the site of preparation techniques. The aim of this study was to determine, in two time evaluation periods, the changes in soil chemical attributes affected by three tillage systems in Yellow Oxissol. The experimental design consists of a randomized block design, with split-plot (Soil Tillage systems X Depths samples) with 3 repetitions...
Legumes as green manure for common bean cultivated in two growing seasons at southeast Brazil
December 2016
The use of legumes in pre-cultivation on the common bean has the possibility of providing atmospheric N to the soil, making it available to this crop, and may cover part of its N demand and increase grain yield. The objective of present study was to evaluate the effect of hyacinth bean and jack bean as green manures on the production of common bean grown in two seasons. Cover crops were evaluated for fixed N2, dry...
Field evaluation of cowpea varieties for adaptation to the forest/savanna transition agroecology of Osun state, Nigeria
December 2016
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) is an important food legume in tropical and sub-tropical Africa. It is grown for food, fodder, a cover crop and consumed as dried seeds rich in carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins. Production of cowpea has not been practiced on a large scale in the forest/savanna transition agro ecology of Nigeria due to high relative humidity, diseases and insect damage. In 2012 and 2013 cropping...
Use of cattle waste on the farm
December 2016
Lack of fertile soil is among the main problems in world agricultural production areas, mainly in vegetable crop production areas. In this sense, we aimed to evaluate the the production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) using cow urine as an organic fertilizer. The survey was conducted from June to September 2014 at the School State of Primary and Secondary Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Belém de Brejo do...
Root spatial distribution in coffee plants of different ages under conservation management system
December 2016
Root system growth and soil structure are interdependent and the threshold of separation between both of them is complex. However, by the evaluation of soil pore space, it is possible to characterize the root system growth environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of conservation management system over time on pore distribution and on root system development of coffee plantation in Cerrado Oxisol,...
Analytical approaches for modeling tree crown volume in black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) stands
December 2016
In this paper, four strategies were proposed for modeling tree crown volume using as independent variable stem variables, crown variables, combination of stem and crown variables, and stem volume. We used a dataset comprised of 170 trees from 12 temporary plots located in forest stands in southern Brazil. Models composed of stem variables presented weaker predictive ability. The best model contained crown variables,...
Chemical and microbiological changes in a sandy soil with pig liquid waste application in Southern Brazil
December 2016
Liquid residue from pig farming contains nutrients that can be used for the fertilization of cultivated soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate chemical and microbiological changes in a sandy soil under pasture with Bermuda Grass (Cynodon spp) that received doses of pig liquid waste (PLW). The experiment was conducted in Cianorte-PR, Brazil, in a Typic Hapludox soil with sandy texture. The treatments consisted of...
Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilizations on elephant grass genotypes used for energy purposes in Northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
December 2016
Similar to many other human activities, the energy sector has a global concern with environmental issues. The use of renewable energy sources such as biomass is an alternative to the use of fossil fuels. Eight elephant grass genotypes showing energy production potential were herein assessed. The genotypes were grown from February 2014 to March 2016 in Campos dos Goytacazes County – Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil....
Prevalence and variability of the common bean rust in Uganda
December 2016
Uganda is the second largest producer of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Africa, but common bean rust caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. Unger), is negatively impacting the production of the crop. There is little information on the occurrence and identity of the rust pathotypes present in the country. Consequently, a field survey was carried out during the 2015 second planting season in fifteen districts,...
Plant defense elicitors’ purification in soybean and bean from pathogenic nematode
December 2016
Plant resistance induction against pathogens is an alternative disease control method, which involves the activation of the plant defense mechanisms, such as the phytoalexins induction. The eliciting molecules have the capacity of inducing and activating such responses and thus, techniques have searched to isolate and characterize fractions with eliciting aspect. This study aimed to purify, through ion exchange...
Effects of the application of treated domestic sewage via surface and subsurface drip irrigation on the solution and chemical properties of the soil in an orange plantation
December 2016
The use of treated domestic sewage (TDS) in agriculture by drip irrigation in the soil subsurface can serve as an extra treatment and also provide higher availability of water and nutrients to plant roots. It represents safer and healthier cultivation for crops, producers and consumers, and allows the direction of better quality water for domestic consumption. This study aimed to analyze the possible effects of TDS...
Induction of coffee wilt disease infection using different types of contaminant in field conditions in Democratic Republic of Congo
December 2016
A study was conducted on the induction of coffee wilt disease (CWD) infection with different types of contaminants using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Coffee seedlings were inoculated with infected bark, sub-bark tissues, wood necrotic and an artificial inoculum. Statistical analysis did not show significant differences (P>0.05) between treatments. Results obtained show that all...
Quality of mechanized peanut digging in function of the auto guidance
December 2016
Within the context of precision agriculture, the use of automatic guidance is without a doubt one of the most popular tools among farmers, however, are few producers of peanuts using this technology, the benefits from this technology can bring significant gains for culture even more when thinking about reducing the indices of losses in the digging. Thus, it objective was to evaluate the variability of quantitative...
Spatial distribution of soil chemicals attributes in sugar cane crop area
December 2016
The aim of this paper was to quantify and evaluate the spatial distribution of soil chemical properties in different grid sampling sizes using descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The study was carried out in Bom Sucesso City, Paraná State, Brazil. Using GPS, a 50 x 50 m grid sampling size was set, comprising four samples per hectare. In each grid point positioned on the field, soil samples at a depth of 00...
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