Effect of type of fuel and speed of engine on the performance of agricultural tractor
October 2016
Given the need for new alternatives to finite source of energy from fossil fuels, testing of alternative fuels has become quite important. Studies have been carried out using sets of tractor with equipment to evaluate the operational performance together with supplying diesel and biodiesel. Biodiesel is a feasible alternative as it waives adjustments in diesel cycle engines, unlike other clean fuels such as natural gas...
Agro-morphological diversity within field pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes
October 2016
The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity present in twelve Algerian pea genotypes using 24 agro-morphological traits. The experiment was carried out during three growing seasons (2013 to 2014, 2014 to 2015 and 2015 to 2016). ANOVA analysis revealed the presence of a great genetic variability for all characters studied. This diversity might be used in breeding programs. Also, expression of...
Residual effect of herbicides 2,4-D and Glyphosate on soybeans in a Brazilian Cerrado Ultisol
October 2016
The use of herbicides for weed desiccation is what enables the no-tillage system, which increasingly stimulates the growth of the agrochemical market, in particular the class of herbicides. This study aimed to assess 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl-glycine) herbicides mixture persistence in soybeans of Ultisol in the Brazilian Cerrado. The study was conducted in a greenhouse with a...
Effects of pre-germination treatments on Copaifera langsdorffii seeds
October 2016
Copaifera langsdorffii has been intensely exploited, since it attracts several interests, and is now on the list of endangered species. Due to this risk of extinction, seedling production of this species has important economic and social value. The aim of this study was to evaluate seed germination of C. langsdorffii subjected to different pre-germination treatments for breaking seeddormancy: i) control; ii) immersion...
Influence of Ilex paraguariensis aqueous extract on safflower growth and germination in vitro
October 2016
Allelopathy is a natural botanical effect in which certain crops release inhibitory substances which affect growth and development of other crops to the environment. The ability of plants to exhibit allelopathy vary among species. In Brazil, the allelopathic studies are restricted to common plants, such as corn, soy, wheat, and safflower. Given these factors, there are still many cultures as Ilex paraguariensis that are...
The influence of cover crops on erva de touro (Tridax procumbens)
October 2016
Tridax procumbens is an herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceæ family and popularly known as erva-de-touro or margaridinha. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of cover crops when incorporated or maintained on the soil surface at different levels of straw, on the emergence and initial development of erva de touro. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during the period of May to...
Productivity and physical properties of corn grains treated with different gypsum doses
October 2016
The productivity of corn grains is directly associated with factors related to soil fertility, which are relevant to the application of gypsum (calcium sulphate), in addition to variables inherent to the grain. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the variability of the physical properties of grains (circularity, roundness, bulk density, real density, volume and porosity) and production components...
Growth analysis, nitrogen accumulation, and yield of sugarcane varieties for the pre-amazon region of Brazil
October 2016
The great expansion of sugar cane production to non-traditional regions in Brazil has demonstrated the importance of knowledge on the growth characteristics to maintain the productivity and sustainability of the sector. Among the alternatives available to evaluate different varieties of sugar cane, the growth analysis has been one of the most used tools. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and...
Losses of pesticides in runoff from cotton crops under different management systems
October 2016
In this study the concentrations of the atrazine, desethylatrazine (DEA), desisopropylatrazine (DIA), azoxistrobin, carbendazim, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, diuron, endosulfan alpha and beta endosulfan sulfate, malathion, metolachlor, methomyl, monocrotofos, permethrin, profenofos, teflubenzuron, thiacloprid, tiametoxan and triflumuron were assessed in runoff water from cotton plantations under different management...
Growth and composition of sugarcane and chemical attributes of the soil by fertilizing with different levels of cow manure
October 2016
Four months after planting sugarcane variety RB867515, fertilized with 0.0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 and 18.0 Mg ha-1 of cow manure, there was positive linear effect of the fertilizer on plant height and stalk diameter, quadratic positive effect on width and length of the largest leaf, and no effect on number of plants m-1 linear and the number of leaves plant-1. At 10 months, there was quadratic positive effect of cow manure on...
Simulation of oat grain (Avena sativa) using its panicle components and nitrogen fertilizer
October 2016
Nitrogen fertilizer management modifies oat (Avena sativa) panicle components and its grain yield. The work aims to study the potential of the variables of oat (A. sativa) panicle with N-fertilizer, and to simulatate its grain yield using multiple linear regression in succession systems of high and reduced N-residual release. The study was done in 2013 and 2014. The experiment was done in a complete randomized block of...
Systems of land use affecting nodulation and growth of tree legumes in different soils of the Brazilian semiarid area
October 2016
The growth of tree legumes in degraded areas must be preceded by assessments of nodulation ability of naturally established rhizobia populations since such information contributes to defining the species which can be planted for recovering disturbed areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and natural nodulation of “sabiá” (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) and leucaena (Leucaena...
Effects of agricultural spray adjuvants in surface tension reduction and spray retention on Eucalyptus leaves
October 2016
Agricultural spray adjuvants (ASA) are widely used in pesticide applications to enhance the effective control of pest, weed and disease. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of ASA used in Brazil agriculture on surface tension reducing capacity and foliar spray retention on different Eucalyptus species. Static surface tension of adjuvants at concentrations of 0.001, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05,...
An optimization model for the combined planning and harvesting of sugarcane with maturity considerations
October 2016
Planting and harvesting are important stages in the sugarcane crop cycle, because well planned planting and harvesting phases promote a series of benefits throughout the cultivation cycle and in the subsequent industrial use of the products. These benefits are operational, economic and environmental such as: improved utilization of the land area and transport logistics; an increase in sugarcane output; better cane...
Determination of parameters for selection of Eucalyptus clones tolerant to drought
October 2016
Climatic changes have induced the spread of aridity in many parts of the globe. Eucalyptus plantations show wide variations in productivity due to several factors, including climatic changes. Therefore, Eucalyptus genotypes that can adapt to such conditions is very welcome. Thus, an evaluation was done by comparing the physiological responses of two Eucalyptus genotypes, tolerant and drought-sensitive. They were...
Physical properties of a latosol eutrophic red under management systems after different winter crops successful by the soybean crop
October 2016
The objective was to verify the influence of winter crops under management mechanical (roller knife) and chemical (glyphosate), on soil physical properties and yield of soybeans. The experiment was carried out at the field under randomized block design in tracks scheme. The treatments consisted of four different winter crops (oats IPR 126, wheat BRS Tarumãt crambe FMS Bright and forage radish cultivar common) in...
Forage yield and nutritive value of naturally growing Brachiaria decumbens as undergrowth to an aroeira tree stand in a silvopasture system
October 2016
This study evaluated the forage yield and feed chemical composition of a Brachiaria decumbens natural pasture as undergrowth to a Myracrodruon urundeuva (aroeira) tree stand in a silvopasture system at UNESP/Ilha Solteira, Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Sampling was conducted in a completely randomized block design with a factorial scheme of two plots and two sub-plots, with plots as the light...
Effects of drought on yield and yield components of two contrasting growth habits of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
October 2016
Common bean is grown by smallholder farmers in Malawi who produce low yield due to drought constrains. Two experiments comprising of two different bean growth habits (IIa and IVa) were conducted at Chitedze Research Station in Malawi, to assess eleven common bean genotypes for yield and yield components under drought conditions. Drought reduced significantly number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 and consequently...
Contribution of soybean seed treatment with Fluquinconazole to manage yield losses caused by Phakospora pachyrhizi using meta-analysis
September 2016
The reduction in efficiency of triazole and strobilurin fungicides sprayed on soybean crops has stimulated investigations into alternative ways of controlling Asian rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi). Treating seeds with fluquinconazole may provide additional benefits in terms of disease management. Results obtained through research are inconclusive, however, with studies presenting both positive and negative outcomes. In...
Effects of potassium fertilization and commercial substrates on development of passion fruit seedlings under greenhouse condition
September 2016
The aim of this work was to evaluate commercially available substrates and levels of potassium on the development of passion fruit seedlings in protected conditions. The experiment was conducted at the city of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo within the period from April to September of 2010. The treatments were made with three different substrates (Bioplant®, Coconut fiber and Vivatto®) and four levels of...
Tolerance of coriander cultivars under saline stress
September 2016
This study aimed to evaluate the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of coriander cultivars under saline stress. The experiment was carried out from August to September 2014, in a protected environment (greenhouse), at the Center of Sciences and Food Technology - CCTA of the Federal University of Campina Grande – UFCG, located in the municipality of Pombal-PB, Brazil (6°47’20’’ S;...
The Assistat Software Version 7.7 and its use in the analysis of experimental data
September 2016
Statistical programs are essential tools for those who deal with scientific research and need to analyze experimental data. In agriculture, there are often uncontrolled factors, which determine the necessity of statistical analyses of the data. The Assistat software version 7.7 is one of these tools and this study aimed to demonstrate its functionality and efficiency in the analyses of experimental data of agricultural...
Association of on-farm feeds handling practices with fungal growth and Mycotoxin production on feeds in smallholder dairy farms, Nakuru, Kenya
September 2016
Practices used by smallholder dairy farmers for handling of feeds at the farm pose a risk of mycotoxins to dairy animals and dairy products, hence a public health concern. The aim of the study was to document the on-farm practices of handling feeds used by these farmers and how they influence the growth of mycotoxin producing fungi together with prevailing extrinsic conditions. Study involved the use of structured...
Measurement of apparent electrical conductivity of soil and the spatial variability of soil chemical properties by electromagnetic induction
September 2016
The aim of this research is to evaluate the relationship between the measurement of apparent electrical conductivity of soil and its chemical attributes by electromagnetic induction. Geophysics methods used for soil measurement, with electromagnetic induction technique for measuring apparent electrical conductivity of the soil (ECa) is important for soil digital mapping, as it determines soil properties, with which ECa...
Characterization of water-stress tolerant cotton cultivars based on plant growth and in activity of antioxidant enzymes
September 2016
The aim of this study was to characterize cotton cultivars based on growth data and on antioxidant enzymes activity, in order to identify better-adapted cultivars to water-stress conditions. Nine genotypes were submitted to 7 days of water suppression starting at 45 days after seedling emergence (phase R1). The essay was carried out in greenhouse conditions, where plants were grown in 5 L vases filled with sandy soil...
Selection of input vectors for estimation of aboveground biomass of Mimosa scabrella Benth. using an artificial neural network
September 2016
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of input vectors in an artificial neural network (ANN) and determine their best combination to estimate the individual dry biomass of native bracatinga. The dataset consisted of 178 trees of Mimosa scabrella Benth. (bracatinga) from the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. The ANN used was a Multi-Layer Perceptron; the learning algorithm was the Levenberg-Marquardt,...
Guava rootstocks growth under incorporation of cattle manure and application of organic fertilizer the base of fruit of peel
September 2016
The use of rootstocks in fruit production is extremely important, as well as reducing juvenility also enables faster production. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different rates of manure and application of organic fertilizer on the growth of guava rootstocks. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the State University of Paraíba (UEPB) in municipality of Catolé do...
Diversity, abundance and incidence of fruit pest insects on three Solanum varieties (Solanaceae) in two agro-ecological zones of Southern Cameroon
September 2016
Various species and varieties of the genus Solanum (Solanaceae) are among the most important market crops produced worldwide. They may be considered as multipurpose crops since leaves and/or fruits are eaten fresh or cooked in various dishes. The increase of garden surfaces and the permanence of gardening have induced frequent outbreaks and diversification of pests and cryptogrammic diseases. In order to improve...
Yield response of canola (Brassica napus L.) to different inter-row spacings and sowing dates in northwest of Paraná, Brazil
September 2016
In Brazil, the cultivation of canola has increased as a result of higher demand for biodiesel production. However, the current knowledge on planting arrangement and sowing time to boost the crop’s yield in the southern part of the country is limited. On this point, the goal of this work was to evaluate the yield potential of four canola hybrids submitted to different sowing dates and inter-row spacings...
Evaluation of mineral composition of endogenous and improved varieties of maize (Zea mays) cultivated in Southern Benin
September 2016
This study aims to establish the mineral potential of 30 varieties of corn mainly used in the traditional and industrial processing sectors. The samples were collected from all agro-ecological zones of corn production in southern Benin. The nutritional profile of samples was evaluated through their mineral composition using AOAC methods. The results of cluster analysis revealed that the samples analysed were ranked in...
Fungitoxicity activity of homeopathic medicines on Alternaria solani
September 2016
The black spot disease caused by the fungus Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) L. R. Jones and Gront is one of the most important diseases of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The control is usually performed with fungicides, resulting in products contaminated with pesticide residues. In recent years, the use of homeopathic medicines has been highlighted in research for disease control. The aim of this study was...
Biofouling and performance of labyrinth-type emitters in drip irrigation with treated domestic sewage
September 2016
The use of wastewater in irrigated agriculture is an alternative to the lack of water resources of higher quality and allows obtaining, besides the reuse, environmental improvements. In the application of wastewaters, such as treated domestic sewage, localized drip systems are affected by the decrease in application of uniformity and discharge rate of the emitters, due to clogging. In this context, this study aimed to...
Effects of boron fertilization on a crambe crop cultivated in oxisols
September 2016
The consolidation of crambe crops in the agricultural and industrial scenarios comes up against the lack of recommendations and technical information on their cultivation. Thus, this study aims to analyze the effects of boron fertilization on a crambe crop cultivated in two oxisols. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse owned by the Agronomic Institute of Paraná, in the city of Santa Tereza do Oeste - PR....
Performance of different genotypes of maize subjected to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense
September 2016
The lack and/or inconsistent behavior of results found in literature have limited Azospirillum use in maize crops. In this regard, this study aimed at evaluating the performance and chlorophyll a fluorescence of maize hybrids inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense under different nitrogen levels and protected crop conditions with nutrient solution. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at...
Population dynamism and agrarian transformation in Ethiopia
September 2016
Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Africa yet one of the least urbanized in the world. Despite the population of Ethiopia are overwhelmingly living in the rural area and agriculture has immense role in the national economy, the relationship between population and agrarian change is underrated. The objective of this paper is to comprehend agrarian change with population dynamism in terms of agrarian...
Enhancing the productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) through earthening up practices at Tanqua-Abergelle district, Central Tigray, Ethiopia
September 2016
Groundnut, an important crop provides significant sources of cash, oil and an important role in diets but the yield is low due to different constraints like earthening up. In this regard, this study was carried out to improve yields by identifying the best stages of earthening up practices. The experiment was conducted at Abergelle Agricultural Research Centre testing site in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 cropping seasons....
Stability of soil aggregates in Latosols and Cambisols via standard method and sonification
September 2016
The results of determining the stability of aggregates in water are sometimes contrasting, and do not permit a definition of the energy level or force involved in this analysis. The objective of this study was to compare two methods to determine the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and the percentage of aggregates > 2 mm in Latosol and Cambisol submitted to management under coffee. To conduct this study we collected...
Chemical ripeners and different harvest periods in sugarcane in State of Paraná, southern Brazil
September 2016
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of control action (natural ripening, without ripeners) and of glyphosate, paraquat, fluazi-p-butil, ethephon, etyl-trinexapac, sulfometuron methyl and KNO3 on the number of stalks per area, diameter of the median third of stalks and productivity (tons of canesstalks per hectare), and brix, pol of the sugarcane and extractable sugar. It was used a randomized block...
Root system distribution and vegetative characteristics of Prata type bananas under different irrigation strategies
September 2016
This study aimed to analyze the root system distribution and vegetative characteristics (pseudo-stem perimeter, plant height, number of leaves and the leaf area) in ‘Dwarf-Prata’ and ‘BRS-Platina’ in their third production cycles under different five irrigation strategies. The vegetative characteristics were measured at the flowering stage and the root sampling was done after the harvesting in...
Distribution, incidence and farmers knowledge of banana Xanthomonas wilt in Burundi
September 2016
Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a devastating bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum. The disease was simultaneously reported in Cankuzo and Bubanza provinces, Burundi, in November 2010. However, the extent to which the disease has spread to other banana growing regions in the country is unknown. Therefore, to ascertain the distribution and incidence of the disease and farmers’...
Responses of biofortified common bean varieties to di-ammonium phosphate fertilizer under climate variability conditions in South-Kivu, DR Congo
September 2016
Two trials with the combined effects of seeding density and application of DAP fertilizer on the yield of four biofortified bean varieties were carried out in Kashusha on the experimental site of the Université Evangélique en Afrique during the 2013-2014 agricultural long rains season (September-January) and short rains season (March-May). The overall objective was to investigate the response of...
Performance of Peltophorum dubium under intraspecific tree competition and cardinal directions as possibility for integrated livestock-forestry systems
September 2016
Peltophorum dubium can be an alternative of forestry species to be included in integrated crop-livestock-forestry systems in tropical region. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of P. dubium under intraspecific tree competition and cardinal directions to measure the possibility of introduction in integrated livestock-forestry systems. The experiment was performed in a Nelder Wheel competition, which...
Fertilizer use optimization approach: An innovation to increase agricultural profitability for African farmers
September 2016
Farmers in Africa have not been fully convinced to invest in fertilizer due to uncertainty on returns to investment. This is despite the fact that, more than two-thirds of people in Sub-Saharan Africa rely on agriculture for employment with many living on small farms earning less than $1 per day. Usage of fertilizer has remained low and stagnant hence the yields in have been persistently lower than other parts of...
Root-knot nematodes on tomatoes in Kyenjojo and Masaka districts in Uganda
September 2016
In Uganda and elsewhere in the world, tomato is an economically important vegetable and a good source of vitamins A and C. Being an important horticultural crop, its production is threatened by root-knot nematode infections that make plants susceptible to wilting, growth reduction and infection by other pathogens like bacteria and fungi. Identifying the root-knot nematode species on the crop is paramount in designing...
Relationship between the sensory attributes and the quality of coffee in different environments
September 2016
In order to understand the relationship between the sensory attributes of coffee (including factors such as acidity, flavor, and aftertaste), and given the possible influences of genetic factors on coffee quality, we evaluated the sensory quality of 10 commercial cultivars of Coffea arabica in three important coffee regions of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and examined, via path analysis, the interactions of the attributes that...
Morphological diversity and identification of accessions of melon
September 2016
Family agriculture is a rich germplasm source wherever it takes place; however, information on genetic variability of this type of culture in Brazil is scarce. Samples of melon (Cucumis melo L.) accessions grown by family agriculture were rescued and this study aimed at characterizing the genetic variability in one sample of these accessions so as to identify the melon subspecies and the corresponding varieties. Fifteen...
Genotypes of conilon coffee can be simultaneously clustered for efficiencies of absorption and utilization of N, P and K
September 2016
The objective of this research was to group C. canephora cv. Conilon coffee genotypes of different ripening cycles for both efficient absorption and utilization of N, P and K in contrasting environments. The experiment was arranged in a factorial scheme 13x4, with fours replicates, the factors being: 13 genotypes of Conilon coffee and four types of fertilization (NPK: 0%-100%-100%, 100%-0%-100%, 100%-100%-0% and...
Billet metering mechanism of a sugarcane planter
September 2016
Mechanical sugarcane planters simultaneously perform ploughing, fertiliser application, seedling metering and furrow covering operations. This study aimed to evaluate the billet metering quality and uniformity of a sugarcane planter and the total damage to buds. The experimental design used was completely randomised in a 2 x2 factorial arrangement totalling four treatments, which consisted of two planting speeds (5.0...
Genetic diversity in sweet cassava from the Brazilian Middle North Region and selection of genotypes based on morpho-agronomical descriptors
September 2016
This work had as objective the morpho-agronomic characterization of germplasm of cassava (Manhiot esculenta Crantz) from the Brazilian Region Middle North and the selection of genotypes. The germplasm collection was carried out in autochthonous fields. 10 genotypes of which, 8 were ethno-varieties and 2 modern varieties (BRS Dourada and BRS Gema de Ovo), were collected. A completely randomized blocks design was used and...
Impact of the pressure plates of picker cotton platforms on the efficiency and quality of cotton fibers
September 2016
An experiment was performed in a cotton-producing property located in Primavera do Leste - MT - (Brazil). the quantitative losses and the presence of bark and stems in the cotton fiber quality measuring instrument as analyzed by High Volume Instrument (HVI) was noted . The study was conducted to investigate a combined speed of work with a mechanical adjustment of the distance of the pressure plates and the screws on the...
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