Potential for recovery of Campomanesia xanthocarpa Mart. ex O. berg seedlings from water deficit
July 2016
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of water deficit and the recovery potential following rehydration, on the metabolism of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seedlings. The seedlings were distributed in two groups: the first group was the control, in which, plants were hydrated periodically in order to maintain 70% water holding capacity and the second was the treatment group characterized by stress, in which...
Characterization of goat production systems and trait preferences of goat keepers in Bench Maji zone, south western Ethiopia
July 2016
Studies to characterize goat production system and identify breeding practices and trait preferences of goat keepers were conducted in three districts (Sheko, Shey Bench and Meanit Shasha) of Bench Maji zone, southwestern Ethiopia. Semi-structured questionnaires and own-flock ranking experiments were employed for data collection. The results of the analyses revealed that the average goat flock size was 9.8±9.3....
Physiological potential of tamarind seeds subjected to stress conditions and storage
July 2016
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) is a fruit species native to Equatorial Africa, India and Southeast Asia. Its seeds experience slow germination, thus, study on the influence of environmental factors, such as water and salt stresses, on seed germination, is required to assess the tolerance of these seeds to storage, and to maintain the vigor and the viability in the period between harvesting and sowing. The objective of...
Exchangeable cations and available phosphorus in soils with variable charge after application of special liming materials
July 2016
Special liming materials have the potential to control soil acidity and constitute a source of nutrients for plant development. In this study, the efficiency of special liming materials was evaluated. Their effects in soil exchangeable cations and available P concentrations were compared with the ones of dolomitic limestone (DL). Samples of Typic Distrudept and Rhodic Hapludox were collected from 0 to 20 cm layer. Two...
Statistical process control in self compensating emitters using water at different saline concentrations
July 2016
The statistical process control applied in the irrigation systems allows the visualization of process to reduce wastage of inputs, such as water and energy quality, which contributes to assessing its proper functioning, and feasibility of implementation and operation. That is why it is necessary to evaluate the self-compensating emitters using saline water at different concentrations. This experiment was applied in the...
Yield and quality of dual-purpose barley and triticale in a semi-arid environment in Tunisia
July 2016
The semi-arid region of Tunisia is characterized by a low and erratic rainfall. This makes year-round maintenance of pasture and forage production under non-irrigated conditions both costly and difficult. In order to fill the winter feed gap in the livestock cycle; some cereals can be used as dual-purpose. This study aimed at evaluating agronomic performances and grain quality of two dual-purposes cereal crops, Barley...
Physical and physicochemical attributes of noni fruits fertilized with cattle manure and potassium
July 2016
Noni has been introduced in Brazil just over a decade ago. Therefore, the information regarding crop fertilization and its influence on fruit quality is rare in the literature. Among macronutrients, potassium is highly concentrated in noni plants, and fertilization with cattle manure contributes to plant nutrition and fruit quality. This study sought to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilizer and cattle manure on...
Improvement of maize yield and soil fertility by 2-years compost application in Malawi’s northern districts
July 2016
Fertilizer use in Malawi is limited due to the relatively high fertilizer price, improvement of fertilizer efficiency is therefore necessary to enhance both maize yield and soil fertility. 2-years compost application was conducted to evaluate its effectiveness in improving soil fertility and enhancing maize yields. Compost application was shown to be effective even at the early stage of application in improving soil...
Phosphorus and silicon fertilizer rates effects on dynamics of soil phosphorus fractions in oxisol under common bean cultivation
July 2016
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of P and Si fertilizer rates in dynamic of P fractions in clay soil under greenhouse. The research was carried out in a Dystroferric Red Latosol of a very loamy texture from Lavras city, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experimental design was entirely randomized, arranged in 4 × 3 factorial design, with four repetitions. The treatments included four...
Soil porosity and density in sugarcane cultivation under different tillage systems
July 2016
Monitoring the physical quality of soils under intensive sugarcane production requires sustainable forms of use and soil management. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of soil tillage systems on soil porosity and density in ratoon-cane cultivation, in addition to possible changes which may occur during the season. The experiment was carried out in the state of Goiás, Brazil. The...
Gelatin extraction from Kumakuma (Brachyplathystoma filamentosum) skin using the liming method
July 2016
Gelatin extraction process from Kumakuma (Brachyplathystoma filamentosum) skin was optimized using a calcium hydroxide solution. The gelatin obtained was characterized through scanning electron microscopy and analyses of yield, gel strength, color, viscosity, amino acid profile, melting point, foaming capacity, and emulsifying capacity. The optimized conditions were defined over ten days of pre-treatment at 50°C....
Diversity of soil macrofauna under sugarcane monoculture and two different natural vegetation types
July 2016
Soil macrofauna organisms are recognized as ecological indicators of soil management practices. Sugarcane monoculture can have negative impacts on soil, including biodiversity loss, which should be evaluated. In that sense, the aim of this was to determine the diversity macrofauna under sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) annual growth cycle (2012-2013) comparing two different natural vegetation areas (Sandbank and Atlantic...
Chemical properties of soils in agroforestry homegardens and other land use systems in Eastern Amazon, Brazil
July 2016
Homegardens are considered as an alternative to preserve and/or restore the fertility and productivity of degraded soils. The assessment of changes in soil chemical properties resulting from land use and management is important to understand these changes and allow a rational intervention to ensure production on a sustainable basis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the soil chemical properties of homegardens...
Screening of some rice varieties and landraces cultivated in Nigeria for drought tolerance based on phenotypic traits and their association with SSR polymorphism
July 2016
Breeding for drought tolerance based on direct selection for high grain yield under drought has been hindered by the complex nature of drought tolerance mechanisms and the approaches used. Molecular marker-based approaches are a promising alternative. In this study, 30 rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions cultivated in Nigeria were screened in a greenhouse for drought tolerance based on morpho-physiological traits and...
Agroindustrial yield of sugarcane grown under different levels of water replacement and nitrogen fertilization
July 2016
The sugar and alcohol sector has invested heavily in technologies to increase the productivity of sugarcane and consequently the gross income of sugar and alcohol; among these practices irrigation and fertilization stands out. The objective of this study is to evaluate the agro industrial and sugarcane yield (plant cane and first ratoon cycle) grown in the Sudoeste Goiano, Brazil, as affected by water replacement and...
Evaluation of DSSAT model for sprinkler irrigated potato: A case study of Northeast Algeria
July 2016
This study was conducted in order to evaluate the performance of potato crop in two major irrigation schemes situated in the Northeast of Algeria. This area is characterized by alluvial soil texture, very fine clay, a very flat topography, and a typical Mediterranean climate. This was done to guide farmers on any changes to their crop management to improve the yields of potato crops. The model SUBSTOR-potato (Decision...
Participatory evaluation cum demonstration of improved faba bean cultivars with inorganic and bio- fertilizers in West Gojam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
July 2016
The trail was conducted in Yilemana Densa district of the Amhara Region in 2013 with the objectives to evaluate the performance of improved faba bean cultivars with P-fertilizer and bio fertilizer under on-farm conditions, while demonstrating such a technology package to farmers thereby paving the way for wider adoption. The trial consisted of four treatments (two improved cultivars with and without fertilizers) was...
Companion plants associated with kale increase the abundance and species richness of the natural-enemies of Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
July 2016
The effects of intercropping of Brassicaceae with coriander (Coriandrum sativum), dill (Anethum graveolens), African marigold (Tagetes erecta) and calendula (Calendula officinalis) on the abundance, species richness and diversity of predators and parasitoids of Lipaphis erysimi have been assessed. The numbers of aphids, parasitized aphids and natural enemies were determined during two consecutive phases. The first...
Wheat stem rust disease incidence and severity associated with farming practices in the Central Rift Valley of Kenya
July 2016
Stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici) is a major disease of wheat that occurs more in the main wheat growing regions of Kenya. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence and severity of wheat stem rust during the 2015 growing season. A survey was conducted in Mau-Narok, Njoro and Kabatini regions. During the survey work, 149 small scale wheat growers’ fields were assessed. The results revealed...
Changes in soil organic carbon fractions in response to sugarcane planting in the central-south region of Brazil
July 2016
Sugarcane planting area in Brazil has considerably increased during recent years by occupying areas used for pasture and grain crops production. Land use change (LUC) processes related to sugarcane expansion can affect the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, and the quality of the soil organic matter. Preliminary studies have shown that the land-use transition into sugarcane leadto a decrease in the SOC, however no...
Effects of hormone balance on Korean Hackberry seed germination
July 2016
Korean Hackberry (Celtis koraiensis Nakai), an ornamental, deciduous tree, lacks species resources, and low germination percentage also prevent the exploitation. Thus it becomes necessary to investage the mechanism of seed dormancy. This research explored the effect of plant hormone and seed coat (endocarp and testa) on seed germination. Endogenous hormone concentration, protein content, total soluble sugars, total...
Spatial variability of weeds in an Oxisol under no-tillage system
July 2016
In the global agribusiness, the herbicide use is a major problem for sustainable production, in this sense, it is necessary to better understand the interaction of weed species and floristic composition such as biodiversity indicators. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of weeds in an Oxisol under no-tillage system. Samples were taken in an area of 0.5 ha, in 50 sampling points with...
Motivational factors involved in development of dairy-based innovations
July 2016
Agricultural innovations are crucial for attainment of food security and poverty reduction; this fact is universally accepted. Farmers are not only recipients of introduced scientific technologies. It is a well known fact that agricultural innovations can emerge from multiple sources including farmers; in fact, farmers have been innovating long before the emergence of formal research and development. These innovations...
Nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and growth performance in buffalo calves fed citrus pulp as a concentrate source
July 2016
The study was planned to investigate the effects of dried citrus pulp on nutrient intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, blood metabolites, growth performance and economics in Nilli Ravi buffalo calves. Twenty buffalo male calves of 18 to 24 months of age having 200 to 250 kg body weight were used in a randomized complete block design. Four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets containing 5, 10, 15 and 20% dried...
Genetic divergence of colored cotton based on inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers
July 2016
The management of colored cotton is an agricultural activity widely adopted by farmers located at Brazilian semiarid region. The fiber colors currently available are still limited to green and shades of brown, however, there is possibility to broaden the variability for this trait by using accessions from Gossypium Brazilian bank in breeding programs. Therefore, it is necessary to know the genetic diversity of available...
Association of weather variables with yield and yield components of cotton (Gossypium hirsutun L.) at reproductive phenophase
July 2016
Growth and development of cotton is influenced by several environmental factors such as fertility and biology of soil, change in temperature, amount and distribution of rainfall and carbon dioxide concentration which are attributes of climate change. A field experiment was conducted to study the contribution of weather variables for the total variation in yield and yield components during reproductive phenophase of...
Hydro-physical properties and organic carbon of a yellow oxysol under different uses
July 2016
Intensive soil use without a management plan based on its structures and limitations is the main cause of soil erosion and degradation. The physical properties changes of a studied agricultural area are evaluated by comparing with an area that did not suffer any modification caused by human activities, which is considered the ideal soil condition. This research evaluated the alterations in the hydro-physical properties...
Growth, yield and content of trace elements in coffee fruits grown in soils under successive application of sewage sludge
July 2016
Brazil seeks to optimize the use of fertilizers by taking advantage of agricultural residues. The sewage sludge is used as organic matter in various crops such as coffee. However, an experiment in lysimeter was performed seeking to assess the growth, yield and content of zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, lead and chromium in coffee fruits grown on Dystrophic Red Yellow Latosol (dRYL), Dystropherric Red Latosol (dRL) and...
Biometric evaluation of monthly growth rate as a criterion to study the genetic diversity in Coffea canephora
July 2016
The variability of growth patterns and capacity to resist to environmental stresses that exists in populations of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner makes it possible to select genotypes for different types of cultivation conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the monthly growth rate as a criterion to measure the genetic diversity of genotypes and to estimate the direct and indirect effects of the...
Drippers used in vinasse application: Uniformity and obstruction
July 2016
In sugar cane crop fertigation management systems, about 500 m3 ha-1 of diluted vinasse is applied annually by cycle, promoting nutrient recycling and supply to the soil, especially that of potassium (K). With the increase of sugar cane areas with subsurface drip irrigation, hydraulic characterization related to vinasse intermittent application is important, in order to verify uniformity flow in drippers. The aim of...
Improving production of aromatic compounds by indigenous yeasts in Chenin Blanc grape must
July 2016
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of indigenous yeasts on the aroma of fermented Chenin Blanc grape must by determining the volatile compounds, the odor activity value (OAV) and carrying out sensory analyses. The must, fermented by Hanseniaspora opuntiae/Saccharomyces cerevisiae combinations, presented higher concentrations of compounds such as ethyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, 2-methyl-1-propanol and...
Growth of Cordia trichotoma seedlings in different sizes of recipients and doses of fertilizer
July 2016
This aim of this work was to evaluate the initial growth of Cordia trichotoma seedlings, submitted to different sizes of recipients and doses of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF). This experiment was performed in a greenhouse, and evaluation was done in factorial scheme using two volumes of recipients (110 and 180 cm3) combined with five doses of CRF (0 (controlled); 2.5; 5.0 and 7.5 g L-1 de substrate). The...
Effects of ethylene on the postharvest quality of inflorescences of Oncidium varicosum ‘Samurai’
July 2016
Oncidium varicosum is an orchid largely distributed in South America, whose inflorescences with bright yellow flowers are of rare beauty. One of the objectives of the postharvest physiology of flowers is the study of the factors related with the quality loss of cut flowers. The ethylene performs a very important function on the senescence of flowers because it induces abscission of flowers buds and open flowers causing...
Impact of harvesting with burning and management of straw on the industrial quality and productivity of sugarcane
July 2016
Change from the traditional harvesting system with burns to mechanized harvesting of sugarcane, as well as the amount of straw needed to remain in the field for sustainability of the production system and how much could be removed for sectors such as energy cogeneration and bioethanol production, are not clarified issues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of harvest management with burning...
Agronomic characteristics of corn in function of the application of K, S and Mo by foliar via with and without plaster in red Latosol
July 2016
The study aimed to verify the response of the application of foliar fertilizers based on potash, sulfur and molybdenum, with and without plaster in the soil, on the agronomic traits of corn crop. The experimental design was a randomized block in a factorial 5 x 2 with four replications. The sources of variation showed no significant effect. These results indicate that the plaster efficiency in the agronomic...
Termiticidal activities of few plant extracts against Macrotermes subhyalinus smeathman and Trinervitermes geminatus wasmann (Isoptera: Termitidae) survival
July 2016
Termites are most pestiferous insects causing damage to crop and buildings. Their control still relies mainly on harmful chemical pesticides to the detriment of eco-friendly pesticides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three plant extracts on the survival rate of termite species, Macrotermes subhyalinus Smeathman and Trinervitermes geminatus Wasmann, known to cause damage to crops, vegetation and...
Contribution of previous legumes to soil fertility and millet yields in West African Sahel
July 2016
Studies on combined effects of 4 legume crops residues and rock phosphate application on pearl millet yield were undertaken on sandy acid soil field from 2012 to 2015 at ICRISAT Sahelian center (ISC)-Sadore, Niger. The objective of the experiment was to assess the best combination of legume species x rate of crop residue x rock phosphate doses that can sustainably improve pearl millet yield in cereal monoculture system...
Emergence and early growth of baru seedlings on different substrates
July 2016
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrates in the emergence and early development of Baru seedlings. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with five treatments (substrates) and four replications. The substrates were: S1) Oxisol; S2) Oxisol + washed sand (1: 1 v: v); S3) washed sand; S4) Oxisol + washed sand + manure (1: 1: 1 v: v: v); S5) Oxisol + sand washed +...
Camu-Camu super fruit (Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K) Mc Vaugh) at different maturity stages
July 2016
Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) is a shrub native to the Amazon region and its fruits are promising sources of various bioactive compounds such as vitamin C, phenolic compounds and carotenoids. Camu-camu fruit is considered the greatest natural source of vitamin C worldwide and also good source of dietary fiber, potassium, iron, calcium, and various kinds of amino acids such as serine, valine and leucine....
Hydrology and water quality of a underground dam in a semiarid watershed
July 2016
In the Brazilian semiarid regions, underground dams can efficiently store water under possible scenarios of climate change. However, the annual humidity vector in these regions is vertical, and annual evapotranspiration exceeds annual rainfall, resulting in the accumulation of salts in groundwater reservoirs. This study investigated over the course of two agricultural years the hydrologic behavior, soil moisture and the...
Lignin content in seed coats of Glyphosate-resistant soybean and their respective parents
July 2016
The large-scale cultivation of Roundup Ready (RR) has recently increased among Brazilian farmers. However, few studies have compared the intrinsic characteristics of the seeds of RR soybean cultivars and their respective conventional parental. Thus, the purpose of this study is to verify if the genetic modification of the RR soybean affects the lignin content and its monomeric composition in the seed coats, in...
Agronomic performance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) according to foliar application of potassium silicate in two sowing times
July 2016
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation is of relevant economic importance for Brazil, since this legume is one of the main Brazilian staple foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in two sowing times, the agronomic performance of two bean cultivars according to foliar application of different doses of potassium silicate. Experiments were conducted under field conditions, in the rural area of the...
A case study on compensatory growth of emaciated cattle fed on total mixed ration
July 2016
A study was conducted in Thailand with the aim of evaluating compensatory growth of emaciated cattle fed on ad libitum total mixed rations (TMR) under smallholder feedlot management. Two farms were identified where 121 cattle of various degrees of emaciation were bought for fattening trial. Cattle were grouped according to the degree of emaciation within respective pens and were fed on same type of feed throughout the...
An alternative to complete banana mat uprooting: Assessing the effectiveness of continuous cutting at soil level of all shoots in a mat on speed for corm decay
July 2016
The complete uprooting of diseased mats/fields (CMU) is one of the recommended control options for Xanthomonas wilt of banana. CMU is labour intensive, time consuming and disturbs the soil structure, exposing fields to erosion. CMU often involves exportation of whole plant biomass, affecting soil fertility. The potential of continuous cutting at soil level of all shoots in a mat until complete corm decay in situ as an...
The effects of crop rotation systems on maize agronomic traits under no-tillage in optimal and dry cropping seasons
July 2016
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the crop rotations effects on agronomic traits of maize cultivated in spring-summer in optimal (OCS) and dry cropping seasons (DCS). The experimental design was set up in a randomized complete block and the treatments were arranged in a factorial (8 x 2), consisting of 8 crop rotation systems and two cropping seasons (OCS and DCS), with four replications. The following...
Chemical attributes of the soil in agroforestry systems subjected to organic fertilizations
July 2016
The reuse of organic byproducts in agroforestry systems is a sustainable proposal, since, in addition to preserving the natural resources, it has allowed the fertilization of the soils, obtaining a reduction of costs with mineral fertilizers. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the chemical attributes of the soil after two years of successive fertilizations using cattle manure and sewage sludge in...
Impact of climate change on the incidences of small ruminant diseases in a pastoral area of Kenya
July 2016
Participatory epidemiological methods were used to establish local perceptions and livestock owner’s knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of risk factors that impacts of climate variability and the seasonal variations in incidences of livestock diseases, disease vectors, intermediate hosts and rainfall in pastoral Rift valley of Kenya. The interaction of the molecular biology of the pathogen itself; vectors...
Harvest time, stem and grain sensibility of maize hybrids with contrasting growth cycles
July 2016
The delay of maize harvest may affect the stem and grain sanity. This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the effects of harvest time on the incidence of stem rots and rotten grains of maize hybrids with contrasting growth cycles. The experiment was set in Lages, SC, during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons. A randomized block design, disposed in split plots was used. Five single-cross hybrids were tested...
Irrigation depths in sugarcane crop with drip irrigation system
July 2016
This study aims to evaluate the growth and development of sugarcane under different supplemental irrigation depths. Irrigation treatments were 0.30, 0.60, 0.90 and 1.2 rate of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and the control (no irrigation). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six replications. The highest yield was ratoon cane with 190 t ha-1 in the treatment 0.6 of ETc. The difference between the...
Interaction of genotype, environment and processing in the chemical composition expression and sensorial quality of Arabica coffee
July 2016
The present study was carried out to analyze chemical descriptors present in the raw coffee bean and to establish an association of these descriptors with the sensorial quality of the coffee beverage, based on expressions resulting from the interactions of coffee genotype, environment, and processing. The chemical descriptors caffeine, trigonelline, sucrose, and isomers of chlorogenic acid (3-CQA, 4-CQA, and...
Page 39 of 138, showing 50 records out of 6863 total, starting on record 1901, ending on 1950
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