October 2018
Occurrence of plant bacterial diseases in Jordan
Different studies were done in order to investigate the occurrence of bacterial diseases on different crops grown in Jordan during different growing seasons. Surveys were made and different bacterial diseases have been recorded based on symptoms and pathogenic nature. Morphological characters, biochemical tests and PCR detections were employed in order to detect and identify the causal agents of different inspected...
October 2018
Management of Dinoderus porcellus L. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) infesting yam chips using varietal resistance and botanical powders of three medicinal plants
In Benin, stored yam chips are severely attacked by Dinoderus porcellus Lesne which causes important losses. The use of medicinal plants combined with the insect-resistant yam chips can be an efficient alternative of chemical insecticides for yam chips protection. This study aims to evaluate an integrated pest management of D. porcellus using combined effects of resistant yam chips (Boniwouré, Gaboubaba,...
October 2018
The Production and prediction of major chinese agricultural fruits using an econometric analysis and machine learning technique
This paper investigates and explores the relationship between agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP) and major fruit output: apple, citrus, pears, grapes and bananas in China. The ordinary least square (OLS) method and the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test were used to analyze the data, and the Johansen co-integration test was used to interpret the results. The machine learning technique was used to examine and to...
October 2018
Prevalence, cultural and pathogenic characterization of Zymoseptoria tritici, agent of wheat septoria leaf blotch, in Algeria
Wheat is the 2nd most important culture in the world. Septoria leaf blotch is one of the most important wheat diseases. It is caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (an: Zymoseptoria tritici). The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence and the importance of this disease in Algeria. A collection of 625 isolates was made through the years (2010, 2011, and 2013). Isolates were collected from the Algerian zones...
October 2018
Sandy soil fertility restoration and crops yields after conversion of long term Acacia senegal planted fallows in North Cameroon
Tree planted fallow is an agroforestry system that may restore degraded soils and protect them from erosion. In this study, sandy soils properties of Acacia senegal planted fallows (AF) were assessed and compared to those from the continuous cropped system (CC) in 3 sites from Northern Cameroon in order to determine its suitability to restore soil fertility and sustain crop productivity. Soil samples were collected from...
October 2018
Effects of different seed treatments, provenance and size on germination and early establishment of Olea europaea
Knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting germination and growth of tree species is of paramount importance for enhancing the efforts towards afforestation. Hence, the prime objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of seed treatment methods, provenance and size on germination and early nursery performance of Olea europaea. The experiment was arranged in a factorial combination and laid out in...
October 2018
Pasture quality of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania subjected to different rest periods for milk production
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two defoliation intervals on the morphological characteristics of the experimental group. Chemical composition characteristics of a Tanzania grass pasture (Panicum maximum) and the performance of crossbred cows on intermittent grazing were examined. The digestibility of the dry matter, the digestibility of the organic matter fibrous, the voluntary dry matter...
October 2018
Coffee growers’ local knowledge on shade tree species in Adola Rede District, Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Farmers have a detailed local knowledge about different tree species which are either retained or planted on their farms. Thus, it is possible to learn from farmers’ observations to enhance understanding of local agro-ecological knowledge. This study aimed to investigate coffee growers’ local knowledge on shade tree species. The study was conducted at Adola Rede District, in Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia. To...
September 2018
Impact of shade on morpho-physiological characteristics of coffee plants, their pests and diseases: A review
Traditionally, coffee plant has been considered as a shade demanding species and intolerant of direct sunlight, although it performs well without shade. Still controversy result and recommendation have been reported among investigators in the optimal shading level for coffee growth. This controversy will probably continue endlessly until the effects of shade up on the performance of morphology and physiology of the...
September 2018
The use of Information Communication and Technology in advancement of African agriculture
Food security in Africa continues to be a big a challenge and one of the key constraints is lack of information on many facets of agricultural research and development to the key sector stakeholders. However, in recent years a wide range of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) platforms and mechanisms have been used across Africa in enhancement of exchange of agricultural related information for increased...
September 2018
Use of renewable energy resources in agriculture the case of Turkey
The rapid growth in the world economy has led to significant increases in energy demand. However, due to the limited formation of fossil fuel reserves such as petroleum, coal and natural gas, and the damage they cause to the environment,it has brought the trend towards renewable energy sources.The main renewable energy sources that can be effectively utilized in agriculture sector are; solar, biomass, geothermal and...
September 2018
Agronomic effectiveness of water hyacinth-based composts
Because water hyacinth-based compost contains substantial amounts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) its application can boost crop production. We evaluated the agronomic performance of water hyacinth - based composts using field experiments and five treatments which were; water hyacinth compost made using cattle manure (WH+CM), poultry manure (WH+PM), molasses (WH+MO), water hyacinth alone (WH alone) and...
September 2018
Bioactivity and phenolic composition of extracts of noni (Morinda citrifolia L., Rubiaceae) in tomato moth (Tuta absoluta Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
We evaluated the bioactivity of Morinda citrifolia L., Rubiaceae on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and quantified the phenolic components. Ethanolic extracts of leaves and fruits were used in five concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 mg / L). The leaves of the plants were immersed in the solution (10 s) and placed in contact with five caterpillars of the same instar in Petri dishes. The caterpillars...
September 2018
Determination of tomato drying conditions with solar energy family type shelf dryer
In this study, working parameters of the system consisting of air heaters and dryer with solar energy of 0.20 m2 with a space of 0.72 m2 and 10 pieces in the cabin were investigated experimentally. Average atmospheric air temperature and relative humidity values during the dry daylight hours were measured at 49°C and 35%, respectively. As a result of the examination of the test results, the atmospheric air...
September 2018
Effects of seed tuber size on growth and yield performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties under field conditions
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important food and cash crop in Ethiopia; serving, as a food security crop due to its nutrition content, wider adaptability and early maturing behavior. However, the yield of the crop is constrained by a number of factors. Among which unspecified seed tuber size and limited availability and distribution of improved varieties are among the important limiting factors. A field experiment...
September 2018
Alellopathic effects of aqueous extracts from Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex J. C. Wendl. on seed germination and vigor from Lactuca sativa
The aim of this work was to evaluate allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from Bambusa vulgaris leaves and culm on Lactuca sativa L. germination. Plant material was collected at Dois Irmãos State Park in Recife, Brazil, and analysis was performed at Laboratory of Forest Seeds Analysis at Rural Federal University of Pernambuco. Experiments were conducted under natural conditions using leaf and culm extracts at...
September 2018
Opportunities and challenges of Islamic microfinance in livestock production: An evidence from Syria
Islamic rural microfinance represents the confluence of three rapidly growing activities: microfinance, Islamic finance and agricultural development. It has the potential to not only respond to unmet demand but also to combine the Islamic social principle of caring for the less fortunate with microfinance’s power to provide financial access to the poor people involved in rural farming. This paper aims to analyze...
September 2018
A study of poultry farms in Enugu State Nigeria and mapping of their mechanization needs using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographical Information System (GIS)
Poultry has been identified by the World Bank funded Commercial Agricultural Development Program (CADP) as a value chain in the agricultural sector of Enugu State and thus has the potential for commercial agriculture. This work has investigated poultry farms in three production cluster areas in Enugu State namely: Emene (in Enugu East) located on 6.523815°N, 7.4151535°E and 1236 ft; Ngwo (in Enugu North/Udi)...
September 2018
Analysis of a bacterial community structure and the diversity of phzF gene in samples of the Amazonian Dark Earths cultivated with cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Wald]
It is important to understand the Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE) diversified microbial communities which colonize agricultural soils and interact with plants, allowing a more sustainable way of soil utilization. Genomic prospection of biotechnological interest, such as the phenazine biosynthesis genes, was carried out by the characterization of the bacterial community structure through the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene in...
September 2018
Hot water immersion disinfests enset (Ensete ventricosum) suckers from the enset root mealybug Cataenococcus ensete Williams and Matile-Ferrero
The enset root mealybug, Cataenococcus ensete Williams and Matile-Ferrero (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) is a pest of national significance attacking enset in south and south-western Ethiopia. Adults and nymphs of several overlapping generations feed on the crops’ underground corms and roots, making them hard to reach and thus control. The main means of pest spread is through infested planting material. The objective...
September 2018
Combining ability of selected maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for major diseases, grain yield and selected agronomic traits evaluated at Melko, South West Oromia region, Ethiopia
The genetic potentials of resistance to turcicum leaf blight (TLB), grey leaf spot (GLS), and common rust (CR) disease, grain yield and selected agronomic trait were studied in 45 F1 hybrids from a half diallel following Griffing’s Model 1, Method 4. The 45 hybrids excluding parents were evaluated in 5 × 9 alpha lattice designs with three replications. The study was carried out at Jimma Agricultural Research...
September 2018
Diallel analysis in Citrullus mucosospermus (Fursa) for fruit traits
For the estimation of genetic parameters (such as heterosis effect, potence ratio, combining ability and reciprocal effects) of five fruit traits, in order to suggest breeding strategies in Citrullus mucosospermus (Fursa), a field trial was carried out at Kononfla city in Western Côte d’Ivoire using 4x4 full diallel. All 12 F1 hybrids and their parents were planted in a randomized complete block design with...
September 2018
Modeling of hypsometric distribution of Handroanthus heptaphyllus seedlings in different containers
Hypsometric information of seedlings allows greater assertiveness of silvicultural decisions in nurseries. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different Probability Density Functions (PDF) to estimate and compare the height distribution of Handroanthus heptaphyllus seedlings in different cultivation containers. One hundred and thirty one seedlings were produce in two types of containers; 81 units in tubes and...
September 2018
Identification and estimation of the sugarcane production potential of Mozambique
Identifying the potential areas that can produce sugarcane is extremely important, especially for developing countries. Most of the territories in Mozambique have soils with high and medium agricultural potential but are hampered by water conditions. Therefore, irrigation is the only solution to ensure certainty in agricultural production. In addition, to set up new business a minimum of infrastructure is required, like...
September 2018
Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient for Radish under protected cultivation
The objective of this study was to evaluate the real crop evapotranspiration and radish crop coefficient, “Crimson Gigante” cultivar, for different phenological stages under protected cultivation. The research was performed from March to April 2015 in pots arranged in greenhouse located at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG). Dripping irrigation system was used for plants irrigation and the...
September 2018
Effect of planting dates and spacing on growth and flowering of French marigold Sel. ‘FM – 786’
The present study was carried out in an experimental farm in the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during March to December, 2010. The experiment was laid out in split plot design, comprising of eight different planting dates and two spacing, (viz., 30 × 20 cm and 30 × 30 cm) as sub-plot treatment at monthly intervals...
September 2018
Broadcast and in line application of phosphorus in soils with different densities
The efficiency of broadcast versus in line phosphate fertilization has been studied; however, soil density as a determining factor for soil efficiency has been less studied. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of broadcast and in line phosphate fertilization in soil with different densities on corn development. The experiment was conducted in pots under greenhouse condition. A completely...
September 2018
Reaction of watermelon accessions to Meloidogyne enterolobii
Identification of resistant germplasms is crucial for crop breeding. The aim of this study was to determine the reaction of accessions of watermelon plants to Meloidogine enterolobii using two experiments. In the first experiment, 20 accessions were evaluated, and in the second, the four most promising accessions were selected in the first experiment and two controls. Both experiments were implemented under a completely...
September 2018
Allometric relationships and carbon content for biomass-carbon estimation of East African Highland Bananas (Musa spp. AAA-EAHB) cv. Kibuzi, Nakitembe, Enyeru and Nakinyika
Globally, interests to increase carbon stocks have gained momentum in both woody and non-woody ecosystems. Despite efforts made to generate appropriate methods to estimate these stocks, most equations developed do not cater for intraspecific variabilities across e.g. species, regions or growth stages; especially in the case of bananas. Therefore, there is need to develop more robust equations to improve on the precision...
September 2018
Performance of varieties of green manure in conventionally used soil
The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of different types of summer green manures in conventionally used soil. This research project was carried out in the district of Concepción (Paraguay). A Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used, consisting of four treatments and five repetitions. The treatments were Mucuna pruriens (T1); Canavalia ensiformis (T2); Dolichos lablab (T3) and...
September 2018
Response of potato to different soils and fecal matter fertilizers
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important food and cash crop in Kenya. However, its production has declined over the years due to extensive nutrient mining without adequate replacement. A study was conducted to evaluate the response of potato grown under three soil types (Planosol, Andosol and Acrisol) using three fecal matter fertilizers (FMFs). This included vermicompost, normal compost and dried sludge. In...
September 2018
Factors affecting the adoption of agricultural innovations on underutilized cereals: The case of finger millet among smallholder farmers in Kenya
Agricultural innovation adoption is fundamental in increasing incomes and food output in developing countries. However, the factors that influence farmers’ decisions to adopt innovations in underutilized crops are not well-documented. Underutilized crops like finger millet have been an alternative form of sustenance for resource-poor farmers especially in arid and semi-arid areas in Kenya. They are more nutritive...
September 2018
Productive capacity of Brachiaria brizantha (Syn. Urochloa brizantha) cv. Marandu subjected to liming and nitrogen application
This work aims to evaluate production of Brachiaria brizantha (Syn. Urochloa brizantha) cv. Marandu subjected to liming and nitrogen fertilization on climatic conditions in the municipality of Humaitá State of Amazonas, Amazônia, Brazil. For both, pot experiment with soil after sowing was kept in a greenhouse at the Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Education (IEAA / UFAM). Part of the soil pots...
September 2018
Soil nitrate, phosphorus and potassium concentration after four years of liquid swine manure application on Tifton 85
One major problem of swine production is the huge volume of manure generated; this involve difficulties in proper handling of the residue when applied to the soil, given that such elements can be toxic to the environment. This study examined the vertical movement of the P, K and mineral N in the soil profile cultivated with Cynodon dactylon cv. Tifton 85 which was submitted consecutively to rates of Liquid Swine Manure...
August 2018
Cinnamon and citronella essential oils in the in vitro control of the fungi Aspergillus sp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Among the fungi that cause damage and/or are spread by seeds, Aspergillus sp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum stand out, which have a worldwide distribution and a wide range of hosts. A viable and safer option than chemicals would be to use natural compounds for plant disease management. The objective of this study was to evaluate cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) and citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) essential oils in the in...
August 2018
Combined agronomic and climatic approaches for sorghum adaptation in Mali
In Sub-Saharan Africa, Genotype-Environment interaction plays a key role in formulating strategies for crop improvement. Multi-location trials have created enabling structure to determine varieties yield performance and stability. Crop modeling led to prediction of long-term and spatial effects of climate variability. Three improved varieties were compared to three landraces. Optimum cultivation areas minimizing the...
August 2018
Critical variables for estimating productivity in maize as a function of plant population and spacing
The objective of this study was to find a group of independent variables that would influence and estimate maize (Zea mays L.) productivity, modeled by multiple linear regression. For that, an experimental delinquency in random order was used in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, from two populations (45,000 and 65,000 ha-1 plants) and two spacings (0.45 and 0.90 m), with 20 replicates. Soil attributes and maize production...
August 2018
Welfare effect of eliminating commodity price volatility: Evidence from Tanzania coffee farmers
This paper investigated the welfare consequences of reducing coffee price volatility in Tanzania. GARCH (1,1) model is fitted with monthly coffee prices from 1998 to 2017 to estimate the conditional and unconditional variance of the residual. The coefficient of relative risk aversion and unconditional variance of GARCH (1,1) model are applied in a typical Lucas-like representative argent model to examine the welfare...
August 2018
Production performance evaluation of Koekoek chickens at Adami Tulu research center
A study was conducted to evaluate the production performance of koekoek chickens at Adami Tulu Research Center. Feed consumption, age at point of laying, annual egg production, mortality, and egg quality parameters were used as evaluation parameters. Mean feed consumption of starter, grower and layer of koekoek chickens at Adami Tulu Research Center was 56.4±4.6, 84.3±6.3 and 124±8.6 g/day,...
August 2018
Rural public policies and the state of smallholders: Recent evidence from Brazil
The aim of this article is to characterize the current situation of family farmers or smallholders in Brazil and establish a connection with the rural public policies that exist in the country. This study analyzed the most current available data regarding family farming in Brazil, which included almost 4.7 million smallholders and their characteristics. Two analytical tools for unsupervised learning were combined,...
August 2018
Herbicidal effects of Datura stramonium (L.) leaf extracts on Amaranthus hybridus (L.) and Tagetes minuta (L.)
Evolution of weeds resistant to herbicides demands new solutions to cope with the problem since economic losses generated by weeds can be higher than those caused by insect pests. Bioactive compounds known as allelochemicals have the potential to act as natural herbicides in weed management in agro-ecosystems. Laboratory, pot and greenhouse experiments were carried out to investigate the herbicidal effects of Datura...
August 2018
Implications of climate change and variability on food security in Kenya
This study assessed the impact of climate change and climate variability on food security in Kenya based on a sample size of 270 farmers randomly selected from semi-arid agro-ecological zones in Kenya. Both primary and secondary data were used in the present study. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and regression models. The results revealed that increase in temperature and reduction in rainfall...
August 2018
Handling and utilization pattern of cattle milk and milk products in Northern Ethiopia
A study was carried out in Enderta district, northern Ethiopia, with the objective of investigating traditional cattle milk and butter production, off take and traditional handling and utilization pattern of bovine milk and butter. Respondents who have milking cows and experience of dairying were purposively selected for the study. A semi structured questionnaire and checklist were prepared to collect the data through...
August 2018
Foliar application of bio-fertilizers influenced the endogenous concentrations of phytohormones and amino acids in leaves and roots of olive trees (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali)
The chemical composition of olive leaves and roots of Chemlali variety was evaluated regarding the contents of amino acids and endogenous phytohormones under foliar application of biofertilizers (F1: rich in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K); F2: rich in calcium (Ca); F3: application of F1 and F2). The results of this study demonstrated significant effects of tested fertilizers on the concentrations of amino...
August 2018
Multivariate analysis of phenotypic variability in Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] genotypes from Ethiopia
Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is an important food crop in Ethiopia. The present research was conducted to characterize the phenotypic variability of 68 tef genotypes collected from Ethiopia. Where a Bi-replicated 7×10 alpha lattice design was used to evaluate the 70 tef genotypes at Holetta and Debre Zeit Research Centers during 2015. Based on the results of cluster analysis (CA), genotypes were grouped...
August 2018
Identification of important morphological traits in Mozambican sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm using multivariate analysis
Classification of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] breeding material based on multiple crucial characters is important towards the possible formation of homogeneous groups of genotypes and groups that can be exploited in the identification of parents for use in a breeding program. The objective was to determine the morphological characters that distinguish desirable breeding material and group the genotypes of...
August 2018
Farmers’ synergistic selection criteria and practices for livelihood security through the sustainable uses of on-farm Sorghum landrace diversity, Ethiopia
The relationships among the multiple criteria that farmers in this study area, the north Shewa and south Wollo regions of Ethiopia, use to select which sorghum landraces to grow were examined in order to assess the extent of synergistic relatedness among them as they fulfilled their roles in meeting the farmers’ goals. Surveys were conducted on 300 randomly selected farmers’ fields during the 2011/2012...
August 2018
Physiological quality of seeds of shepherd's purse (Zeyheria montana M. Bignoniaceae) as a function of substrate temperature and storage
The present study aimed to investigate the influence of different substrates, temperatures and storage conditions on shepherd's purse seed quality. It was evaluated in germination paper substrates Germitest®, vermiculite, sand and Plantmax®, and roller temperatures of 25, 30, 15-25 and 20-30°C. Longevity was measured by the temporal response to different packaging (paper, plastic and aluminum) and...
August 2018
Agricultural mechanization in small rural properties in the State of Piauí, Brazil
The use of machines in the rural sector increases crop productivity in the field, making it essential to use these technologies for a successful rural enterprise in the market. In this way, this study aimed to analyze the current situation of agricultural mechanization in farms of small producers. The study was conducted in State of Piauí, in Brazil with 30 farmers in the region. This was a quantitative and...
August 2018
Evaluation of chemical and non-chemical weed control practices on weed communities and maize yield in two agroecological zones of Swaziland
Manual weeding, maize-cowpea intercropping, pre-emergence (PRE) and early post-emergence (EPOST) herbicide applications comprised ten weed control practices evaluated in the 2015-16 cropping season on weed species structure and maize (Zea mays L.) yield in the Middleveld and Highveld of Swaziland. The herbicides used were Harness (acetochlor) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) as pre-emergence applications and Micro-Tech...
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