Anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of the rind of Citrullus lanatus on albino Wistar rats
March 2016
The present study aims to investigate the anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of the rind of Citrullus lanatus on male albino Wistar rats. Two set of rat groups designated groups 1 to 5 and A to E were used respectively for the anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory studies. For the antipyretic study, fever was induced by subcutaneous injection of 20 ml/kg of a 20% suspension of...
Antiprotozoal activity and cytotoxicity of extracts from Solanum arboreum and S. ovalifolium (Solanaceae)
February 2016
Leishmaniasis, Chagas and Malaria are a major health problem in Latin America. Medicinal plants constitute viable alternatives to conventional medicine in many developing countries. Several Solanum species have shown antimicrobial activity, specifically, Solanum nudum has shown in vitro antimalarial activity. Based on the aforementioned, we determined the antiprotozoal activity and cytotoxicity of alcoholic and...
Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme by Rhazya stricta, Moringa peregrina and Achillea fragrantissima, used in traditional system of medicine in Arabian Peninsula: Implication in the management of hypertension
February 2016
In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the popularity of medicinal plants derived from the traditional sources of knowledge. This is in congruence to the associated benefits of ease of accessibility and low cost of disease management. Additionally, most of the potent drugs being used currently for chronic diseases are derivatives of natural products. In the current study, the potential of hydro-alcoholic...
Effect of frost on yield and composition of Aloysia triphylla essential oil
February 2016
Aloysia triphylla, also known as lemon verbena is a medicinal plant with aromatic leaves which produce essential oil rich in citral and has great importance for pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of frost on the chemical composition and yield of A. triphylla essential oil. The experiment was conducted at the Campus of UFSM in Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do...
Determination of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as in vitro cytotoxic activities of extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica (Kaff Maryam) against HeLa cell lines
February 2016
Anastatica hierochuntica L. is distributed throughout the Arabian Peninsula, and North Africa. It is locally called "Kaff Maryam". All parts of the plant are used in folk medicine. This study aimed to investigate possible antioxidant activity of various extracts of Kaff Mariam, anti-inflammatory activities, as well as in vitro cytotoxic activities. Five extract types were used, namely, the whole ethanolic...
Bioactive properties of some selected Libyan plants
February 2016
The present work evaluates the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of four Libyan plants (Arbutus pavarii, Pegnanum harmal, Pistachia atlantica, and Fagonia bruguieri) using various assays including reducing power, Phosphomolybdenum, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide free-radical scavenging activity. In vitro, the antibacterial activity of crude and flavonoids extracts were determined...
In vitro antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities and in vivo toxicological assessment (Zebrafish embryo model) of ethanolic extracts of Capsicum chinense Jacq.
February 2016
The ripe and dried fruits of organic pepper Capsicum chinense Jacq., obtained during planting, cultivation and harvesting, were subjected to solid-liquid extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus with hexane to remove non-polar compounds, and then with ethanol to remove the target compounds. The ethanolic extracts were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) determining the composition of capsaicin...
Antioxidative and anti-hyperglycaemic effect of calotropis procera in alloxan induced diabetic rats
February 2016
This study investigated the anti-hyperglycaemic and antioxidative properties of Calotropis procera (Tumfafiya) leaf extract on an alloxan induced diabetic rats. The rats were fed on commercial diet and grouped into 4. Group1 as diabetic treated with leave extract (DTL), group 2 diabetic on normal diet (DNT), group 3 as non diabetic on normal diet (NDNT) and group 4 as diabetic treated with chlorpropamide (DCP). The...
Schistosomicidal and molluscicidal activities of two Junipers species cultivated in Egypt and the chemical composition of their essential oils
February 2016
In the present study, in vitro bioassay screening of total methanolic extracts of two Juniperus species (Juniperus horizontalis Moench. and Juniperus communis L.) cultivated in Egypt for schistosomicidal and molluscicidal activities was carried out. Schistosoma mansoni Sambon worms and Biomphalaria alexandrina (Ehrenberg) snails were used. The screening results showed that both tested extracts had almost similar...
Abnormality of spermatozoa in Wistar rats exposed to high doses of Valeriana officinalis L. aqueous suspension
January 2016
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a natural anxiolytic widely used in traditional medicine. However reproductive toxic effects have been demonstrated in mice treated with this species. This study evaluated the effect of valerian aqueous suspension on the reproductive system of Wistar rats treated for 53 days. Four groups were studied (n=25): control (1 ml of distilled water) and treated (500, 1000 or 2000 mg/kg)...
Biological activity of extracts from Capparis decidua L. twigs
January 2016
Capparis decidua L. (family Capparaceae) is widely used in Sudan for curing variety of ailments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial, antigiardial, antimalarial, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of plant extracts from the twigs of C. decidua. Extracts were evaluated for their effectiveness against four bacterial strains including both Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus...
Immunomodulating properties of protein fractions isolated from Delphinium staphysagria seeds
January 2016
The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory activities of protein fractions isolated from Delphinium staphysagria seeds used in Moroccan traditional medicine. D. staphysagria protein extract has been separated on sephadex column chromatography. The immunomodulatory activities were tested using primary culture of rabbit lymphocytes (splenocytes and thymocytes), by evaluation of macrophage phagocytosis...
Method for quality DNA isolation from different endangered Indian medicinal plants
January 2016
Isolation of better quality DNA from endangered Indian medicinal plants such as Rauvolfia serpentina (Sarpagandha), Rhaphidophora decursiva (Atukulatiga), Piper longum (Pippali, Pippallu), Entada pursaetha (Gilateega), and Zanthoxylum Rhesta (Rhesta manu) is very much needed to further genomic study, because these are having rich source of secondary metabolites like cellulose, polyphenolic compounds, tannins, and other...
Toxicogenetic profile of rats treated with aqueous extract from Morinda citrifolia fruits
January 2016
Morinda citrifolia ((Family: Rubiaceae)) is extensively used in traditional medicine due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumoral, and anti-hypertensive activities. However, there is no substantial data about hepatotoxic and toxicogenetic effects. This study evaluated biochemical changes and hepatotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects of aqueous extract of the fruit of M. citrifolia (AEMC) in liver, bone...
Antioxidants from three Swietenia Species (Meliaceae)
January 2016
The genus Swietenia (Meliaceae) has a wide variety of secondary metabolites with reported antioxidant activity, such as flavonoids and limonoids. In the present study, the antioxidant capacity, along with the phenol and flavonoid contents of the leaf extracts of three species of this genus: Swietenia mahagoni, Swietenia macrophylla, and Swietenia humilis were evaluated. The antioxidant activity was determined by the...
Effect of extracts of traditional Chinese medicines on anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities
December 2015
Fifty important cosmetic skin-whiting traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were investigated for their anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant (or DPPH-free-radical-scavenging) activities. The water and 70% ethanol extracts (WEs and 0.7EtEs, respectively) of TCMs were tested for tyrosinase inhibitory activities and DPPH-free-radical-scavenging activities. The 10 mg/ml WEs of 6 TCMs, Angelica dahurica, Anredera cordifilia Moq.,...
Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of Pachypodium lamerei
December 2015
Five compounds were reported for the first time in the tribe Malouetieae from the leaves and stems of Pachypodium lamerei viz., fatty acid methyl ester (stearic acid methyl ester 1), a mixture of two steroidal aglycones (β-sitosterol 2 and stigmasterol 3), a pentacyclic triterpene (ursolic acid 4) and a steroidal glucoside (β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 5). The structure elucidation was based on...
Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of aerial parts of Asperula oppositifolia collected from Darkesh, Iran
December 2015
The chemical compositions of the essential oil of Asperula oppositifolia aerial parts were examined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS); forty-two compounds were identified. Analysis of this essential oil revealed the presence of 2-(6,6-Dimethyl bicyclo[3.1.1]hepta-2en-2-yl) ethanol (17.16%), Decane (8.47%) , Dibuthyl phthalate (5.59%) and 1-Bromo Naphthalene(4%). The antioxidant activity of aerial parts of...
Natural insecticides and phytochemical analysis of gaggassa (Agarista salicifolia) plant leaves against brown banded cockroach
December 2015
A plant of genus gaggassa belongs to the family of Ericaceae, and has been widely employed by the traditional healers to treat cockroach pest. The objective of this study was to do preliminary phytochemical screening and insecticidal activity of extracted gaggassa (Agarista salicifolia) plant leaves against cockroach. About 10 g of air dried powdered material of leaves was extracted with 90% ethanol, acetone and water...
Effect of ethanol extract of plant mixture on hair regeneration in human dermal papilla cells and C57BL/6J mice
December 2015
This study determined the effect of 30% ethanol extract of plant mixture (EPM: Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Angelica gigas, Acorus calamus, Cnidium officinale, Panax ginseng, Camellia sinensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Carthamus tinctorius, Prunus persica and Scrophularia buergeriana) on promotion of hair growth in human hair dermal papilla cells and C57BL/6J mice. EPM significantly increased the...
Antioxidant activity, total flavonoids and volatile constituents of Magonia Pubescens A.St.-Hil
November 2015
Magonia pubescens A.St.-Hil (Sapindaceae) (‘tingui’) is a typical medicinal plant of the Cerrado biome. This plant is used as a larvicide and employed in poison fishing. However, little is known of its secondary metabolites. In this study, it is described for the first time as the volatile constituents of M. pubescens, collected via headspace. Qualitative phytochemical analyses were performed. In addition,...
Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on F1 generation of male Wistar rats during fetogenesis
November 2015
Incidence of endocrine disruptors on gonadal development is the cause of many anomalies in the male reproductive system (MRS). Ginkgo biloba is an endocrine disruptor with affinity for β estrogen receptors, which exert an important role in the development of MRS. This study evaluated the effects of G. biloba on the reproductive system of F1 males born to mothers exposed to G. biloba during fetogenesis. Pregnant...
Antifungal activities of Camellia sinensis crude extract, mixture with milk, on selected pathogenic and mycotoxic fungi
November 2015
Camellia sinensis extracts have been documented to have antibacterial activity but little knowledge on their antifungal activity. The aqueous extracts of C. sinensis (tea) both green and black, mixed with milk in equal ratio parts, referred as mixture were investigated for their antifungal activity and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against seven fungal species; Green and black tea crude extracts (100...
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects of Alangium salvifolium (L.F) Wang root extracts
November 2015
Alangium salvifolium wang is a medicinal plant of the Alanginaceae family which was used as a traditional medicine to cure or prevent a variety of ailments. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects of ethanol (EASR), dichloromethane (DASR), chloroform (CASR) and aqueous (AASR) extracts of A. salvifolium root. Phytochemical screening was...
Extraction of essential oil from inflorescences of Dysphania ambrosioides and its activity against Botrytis cinerea
November 2015
Essential oils are natural complex substances biosynthesized by plants, and many of them have antimicrobial properties. Dysphania ambrosioides is a medicinal plant traditionally used as an anthelmintic medicine. In this study, the antifungal activity of D. ambrosioides essential oil was tested against Botrytis cinerea, which is responsible for large economic losses in the post-harvest of roses. Inflorescences of D....
Composition of volatile oils from leaf, stem, root, fruit, and flower of Ruellia tuberosa L. (Acanthaceae) from Nigeria
November 2015
We report composition of Ruellia tuberosa L. (Acanthaceae) leaf, stem, root, fruit, and flower volatile oils from Nigeria. The five volatile oils were obtained by hydro-distillation using all-glass Clevenger apparatus designed to British Pharmacoepia specifications and were procured in 0.09 to 0.36% yields. Each was separately examined using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)...
Towards elucidating Eremurus root remedy: Chemical profiling and preliminary biological investigations of Eremurus persicus and Eremurus spectabilis root ethanolic extracts
November 2015
Plants of the genus Eremurus have been used in Kurdish medicine since ancient times. Particularly, the “Eremurus roots” sold at the local market (presently known as Eremurus spp.) are used as both topical and oral remedies for treating inflammatory disorders. In the present paper, the root ethanolic extracts (EE) of Eremurus persicus and Eremurus spectabilis, the most common Eremurus species in the region,...
Ethnobotanical study and phytochemical screening of six medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Northeastern Sahara of Algeria (area of Ouargla)
November 2015
An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to collect information from traditional healers on the use of plants (Atriplex halimus L., Searsia tripartita (Ucria) Moffett, Limoniastrum guyonianum Durieu ex Boiss., Haplophyllum tuberculatum Juss., Tamarix gallica L. and Nitraria retusa (Forssk.) Asch.) in folkloric medicine of Ouargla (Algeria), using a predesigned questionnaire. The studied plants were screened for the...
Essential oil of parsley and fractions to in vitro control of cattle ticks and dengue mosquitoes
October 2015
The essential oil of Petroselinum crispum was extracted by hydrodistillation and its chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The GC/MS method detected 31 constituents of the essential oil extracted from P. crispum, from which 26 were identified by the analysis. Phenylpropanoids were the major compounds, comprising 52.07% of the oil and consisting mainly of apiole (41.05%)....
Determination of antioxidant, radical scavenging activity and total phenolic compounds of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfuit) seeds extracts
October 2015
Plants and their parts are a part of life in many brazilian communities, as observed in the jackfruit. The jackfruit seeds are consumed usually as roasted, boiled, steamed, and are eaten as a snack. The present study was carried out to identify the antioxidant, radical scavenging activity and total phenolic compounds of Artocarpus heterophyllus seeds using different screening tests. Total antioxidant activity was...
Cinnamon bark water-infusion as an in-vitro inhibitor of β-hematin formation
October 2015
Malaria remains one of the prominent public health problems that lead to severe morbidity and mortality in many developing countries around the globe. New antimalarial drugs are urgently needed due to the emergence of antimalarial-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. In previous studies, we tested several plants extracts that are capable of inhibiting β-hematin formation, with efficiency similar to...
Antiurolithic and antihypertensive activities of Origanum vulgaris on urolithic rats
October 2015
Origanum vulgaris (Oregano) has been used in the fluky medicinal for treating various diseases including urolithiasis and hypertension. This study was designed to investigate the possible antioxidant and antiurolithic activities of different standardized extracts of Oregano ethanol extract n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fraction on rats. The dried hydroalcoholic extract of 70% ethyl alcohol Oregano was suspended...
Two new terpenoids from Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb
October 2015
Two new terpenoids have been isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb. The structure elucidation of two new compounds was carried out by 1D (1H nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] and 13C NMR) and 2D-NMR (correlation spectroscopy [COSY], heteronuclear single-quantum correlation [HSQC], heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation [HMBC] and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy [NOESY]) spectral...
Antimicrobial activity and medicinal biomass of Siparuna guianensis in Brazilian Cerrado forest, a global hotspot
October 2015
Siparuna guianensis Aubl. (Siparunaceae) is an aromatic medicinal plant native to South America. This study aimed to investigate the biomass and bioactivity of leaf extracts and essential oil of S. guianensis from savanna forests in Central Brazil, Tocantins State. Crude leaf extract and leaf essential oil were tested in different concentrations against bacteria and fungi. At concentrations equivalent to crude oil (380...
In vitro micropropagation of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.
October 2015
The present study deals with the mass propagation of Orthosiphon aristatus - a multipurpose highly valuable ethnomedicinal shrub. Stem and inflorescence explants were inoculated into the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS medium) fortified with different concentrations and combinations of auxins and cytokinins. The maximum number of shoots achieved was 25 ± 0.78 and 17 ± 0.67 at 5 mg/l benzylaminopurine...
Stress conditions during plant growth increase the anti-herpetic properties of Lilium candidum leaf extracts and fractions
October 2015
When submitted to stress conditions during growth, plants modify their secondary metabolites production, which could increase therapeutic properties. Lilium candidum is a beautiful plant with potent antiviral activity, growing wild in the Middle East. We investigated the effect of biotic and abiotic stress applied on L. candidum plants during their growth, on the anti-herpetic efficiency of leaf ethanolic extracts and...
Antioxidant and toxicological studies of ethanolic root extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus
September 2015
Byrsocarpus coccineus (syn. Rourea coccinea) Schum. and Thonn. (Connaraceae) is used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments in which reactive oxygen species are involved. This study aims to investigate the in vivo antioxidative properties and moreover the toxicological potential of ethanolic root extract of B. coccineus (EEBc). Antioxidant activity was measured using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)...
Phytoconstituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the leaves of Persea americana Mill cultivated in Ghana
September 2015
The leaves of Persea americana are widely used for ethno-medicinal purposes worldwide. This study assessed the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and petroleum ether leaves extracts of P. americana. Extracts displayed variable antimicrobial activities that were microorganism-specific. The methanolic extract displayed the most potent antimicrobial activities with the...
In vitro antibacterial activities of pomegranate extract against standard microorganisms of bovine mastitis
September 2015
Bovine mastitis is characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland, usually due to bacterial infection, compromising quantity and quality of milk production. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity, in vitro, of the hydroalcoholic extract of the pomegranate peel at 10% against standard strains of bovine mastitis. The colonies were adjusted to the concentration of 107 ml-1 using UV-visible...
Isoliquiritigenin and β-sitosterol from Cissus polyantha Tuber Glig and Brandt
September 2015
Chemical investigation into the composition of Cissus polyantha tuber, a plant used in Northern Nigerian ethno medicine for managing inflammatory conditions and conjunctivitis has led to the isolation of a chalcone from the ethyl acetate and a steroid from the hexane soluble fractions of its methanol extract. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, including 1...
In vitro evaluation of antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves
September 2015
Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is thorny nitrogen fixing deciduous shrub native to Asia and Europe. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of two different extracts, namely, methanolic and aqueous of seabuckthorn (H. rhamnoides L.) leaves by in vitro assays. Seabuckthorn leaves were procured from Lahul area of H.P. Leaves were dried and subjected to methanolic and...
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of essential oil from Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) flowers
September 2015
Lantana camara L. is considered a weed, but is used in agriculture and traditional medicine due to its different pharmacological effects. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and the bioactivity of essential oil from L. camara flowers collected in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. Essential oil was obtained using a Clevenger type apparatus. The oil obtained was analyzed by gas chromatography...
Review of twelve West Africa medicinal plants: Active phytochemical combinations in direct biochemically wound healing process
September 2015
The aim of wound care is to promote wound healing in the shortest time possible, and plants are a great source of medicines, especially in traditional medicine. Traditionally, medicinal plants have been used for many years as topical and internal preparations to promote wound repair. This work will give an overview of twelve West Africa medicinal plant studies and their active phytochemicals in direct wound healing. The...
Phytochemical analysis of the roots of Senna didymobotrya
September 2015
Senna didymobotrya is a plant traditionally used for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, purgative, appetizer, skin diseases, insecticidal and antibiotic. Phytochemical screening of the CH2Cl2/CH3OH (1:1) and CH3OH (100%) roots extract of the plant revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, anthraquinones, tannins, saponins, napthoquinones and terpenes. Silica gel column chromatographic separation of...
In-vitro effects of almond oil, barks and leaves extracts of Baillonella toxisperma (Pierre) against Trichophyton soudanense and Trichophyton rubrum
September 2015
The purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-trichophytic effects of Baillonella toxisperma (Pierre) extracts against Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton soudanense. The tests were performed by the agar dilution method and the results have showed the effective inhibition of the mycelia growth of theses strains by B. toxisperma (Pierre) extracts. After 7 days of incubation at 28°C, the percentages of mycelia...
The antibacterial and antidiarreal activities of the crude methanolic Syzygium cordatum [S.Ncik, 48 (UZ)] fruit pulp and seed extracts
September 2015
Diarrheal infections are the major cause of high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in the developing countries. Different parts (roots, bark and leaves) of the species Syzygium cordatum have been used as antidiarrheal extracts with the exception of its fruit-pulps and seeds. This study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial and antidiarrheal activity of S. cordatum pulp and seed extracts so to find newer and more...
An aqueous Citrillus colocynthis peel extract inhibits neutrophil reactive oxygen species production and attenuates lung inflammation in mice
August 2015
Citrillus colocynthis peel aqueous extract (CCPAE) is widely used to treat disorders such as inflammation, ulcers and infections, but its pharmacological target is not known. The objectives of this work were to study the effect of C. colocynthis peel aqueous extract, on human neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vitro, and to evaluate its protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung...
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the community of Sobradinho, LuÃs Correia, PiauÃ, Brazil
August 2015
An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the Sobradinho community, Luís Correia, Piauí, Brazil was undertaken to recover and document traditional knowledge with the aim of supporting chemical, biological, agronomic, pharmaceutical and socio-economic studies related to the region's biodiversity. Fifteen research visits to the community were made between March 2013 to January 2014 involving...
Assessment of Indian medicinal plants for the treatment of asthma
August 2015
The present study documented the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants which are used for the treatment of respiratory diseases asthma in India by various tribal communities. The present study is based on the literature survey from various sources and it provides a comprehensive knowledge about the use of plants and their parts for the treatment of asthma by various tribal communities in India. Ethno-medicinal uses...
Effect of biofarming techniques on medicinal glori lily (Gloriosa superba L.) and soil fertility status
August 2015
Field experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field at Devanur village of Ariyalur District, Tamil nadu during 2007 to 2008 to study the effect of biofarming techniques on the yield and soil fertility performance of glori lily (Gloriosa superba L.). The treatments consisted of different organic manures viz., T1-control, T2-Farm Yard Manure (FYM) at 12.5 t ha-1, T3- Enriched Farm Yard Manure (EFYM) at 750 kg...
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