January 2012
Structural adaptation and biocatalytic prospective of microbial cold-active α-amylase
Amylases have most widely been reported to occur in microorganisms, although they are also found in plants and animals. Microbial cold-active α-amylases confer high activities at low temperature that favours production of comparatively insubstantial compounds. Cold-active α-amylases have an advantage under extreme low temperature conditions due to their freeze tolerance mechanism, intrinsic greater membrane...
January 2012
Baculoviruses and insect pests control in China
China is rich in insect viruses. Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaSNPV), was the first commercial insecticide registered in 1993. Subsequently, 13 viral insecticides were registered and released into the market as pesticides, including nine nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), three granulovirus (GV), one densonucleosis virus (DNV), and one cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV). Industrial exploitation of...
January 2012
Carrot (Daucus carrota), garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts as bacteria selective agents in culture media
Extracts of carrot, garlic and ginger as selective agents in basal bacteriological media were carried out on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 15313, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 2522,Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 using a standard method. Ethanolic extracts, aqueous cold and hot extracts of the experimental plant products were made at the concentration of...
January 2012
Using virulence genes hrpB, egl and fliC in differentiation between virulent and avirulent isolates of Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of potato brown rot
To characterize the genetic variation between virulent and avirulent isolates of Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 (biovar II), the causal agent of potato brown rot. Nine isolates of R. solanacearum recovered from the natural habitats (potato tubers, weeds, soil and water) were used. Six virulent and three avirulent isolates were characterized in terms of pathogenicity and molecular level using PCR...
January 2012
Mycoremediation of Cu(II) and Ni(II)
In the present study, Cu(II) and Ni(II) removal capacity of two filamentous fungi namely,Aspergillus niger van. Tieghem and Rhizopus arrhizus Fischer was evaluated through batch adsorption assays. Batch sorption experiments were performed at 30°C, pH 5.0 and 150 rpm taking biomass amount of 0.2 g. Adsorption trials were carried out as function of initial metal ion concentration within range of 100 to...
January 2012
Ciprofloxacin and tetracycline susceptibility of lactobacilli isolated from indigenous children’s feces
To investigate the frequency of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline resistance lactobacilli in children feces, a total of 160 feces samples were cultured on Lactobacilli-selective Rogosa agar supplemented with 0.1 mg/ml of cycloheximide and 0.5% of CaCO3, and identified Lactobacillus species were identified by analysis of the PCR sequenced-16S rRNA gene through BLAST against the deposited GenBank...
January 2012
Effect of Astragalus mongholicus injection liquid on the immunity function in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) after undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
The effect of the administration of Astragalus mongholicus (AM) injection liquid on the immunity function in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) after undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery was examined. Sixty-two children with congenital heart disease were randomly assigned to group B (untreated control, n=21) or C (n=19) and D (n=22) (2, or 4 mg/kg daily astragalus membranac injection liquid...
January 2012
Diversity of respiratory yeast from HIV infected patients with tuberculosis, their drug resistances and biofilm formation
Although several fungal organisms are known to infect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, the diversity of yeast pathogens that infect individuals in South Africa is not known. In the present study sputum samples were collected from HIV positive patients who presented at the hospital with tuberculosis (TB). The yeasts organisms were isolated using potato dextrose...
January 2012
Improvement of lignin-degrading enzymes production from the white-rot fungus (Lentinus strigosus) and its application in synthetic dye removal
Cultivation of Lentinus strigosus, a white-rot fungus producing a ligninolytic enzyme, in a simple medium indicated the production of Lac and MnP in the secondary growth phase. The aim of this study was to optimize the nutrient composition for Lac and MnP production as well as to investigate the removal of synthetic dyes by the strain. Preliminary study showed cellobiose and L-asparagine as the suitable...
January 2012
Detection of mycobacterial skin infections by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from paraffin-embeded tissue
Atypic mycobacterial granulomatous skin infections are often caused by Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, and rarely Mycobacterium avium. The lesions appear as papules, nodules in hands, plaque blisters, wart ulcers and markers transmission (sporotrichosis) in the path of lymph glands and lesions; and display a granulomatous...
January 2012
Evaluation of MODS culture in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the gold standard for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) that is a much more sensitive test than smear examination. There is a need to use the new methods in order for fast diagnostic way. The aim of this research was to compare microscopic observation drug susceptibility culture with Ziehl-Neelsen stain and Lowenstein-Jensen culture of sputum. Therefore, a diagnostic test...
January 2012
Bacteriological and environmental characterisation of the water quality in the Danube River Basin in the Galati area of Romania
In order to contribute with date to the Danube River Basin which is a prime European waterway, this analysis was carried out on the one hand to investigate the possibilities of sanitary risks that are incurred by the riverside population as they are engaged in professional recreational activities that impose a direct contact between man and water, that is intensely developed along the aquatic system and on the other...
January 2012
Promotion and inhibition to biomass and polysaccharides production of Ganoderma Lucidum by Sophora flavescens extract
Sophora flavescens water extract of 11 g/l promoted Ganoderma lucidum biomass and extracellular polysaccharides production to increase at 14.5 and 2.4 g/l from 10.5 and 1.2 g/l respectively. However, 40 g/l of this extract stopped the fungus growing. The extract increased the pH buffer capacity and decreased the viscosity of the culture broth. Different extracts of S. flavescens obtained using...
January 2012
Molecular detection and prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women in Sudan
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies in serum samples from two groups of women in Sudan and to use molecular techniques for detection of the organism’s DNA using B1 gene. The first group (study group) composed of 94 individuals and they aborted during the study, while the second group (control group) also composed of 94 individuals who gave birth to...
January 2012
Evaluation of biological control potential of locally isolated antagonist fungi against Fusarium oxysporum under in vitro and pot conditions
Fusarium oxysporum f sp. phaseoli is responsible for wilt disease of Phaseolus vulgaris L., which results in extensive damage to the crop. Biological control of soil borne plant pathogens is a potential alternative to the use of environment harming chemical pesticides. Therefore, the study was undertaken to determine the potential of locally isolated antagonist fungi (Aspergillus niger,...
January 2012
Genetic differentiations between habitat edges and interiors of Plateau Zokor (Eospalax baileyi) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Nucleotide variations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b and control region gene sequences were used to investigate genetic differentiations between edge habitats and the interiors of Eospalax baileyi. There were 187 individuals for cytochrome b gene analysis and 155 individuals for control region from 16 populations over the total distribution range. Genetic analysis showed that the habitat edges present...
January 2012
Characterization and application of microbial antagonists for control of Fusarium head blight of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum using single and mixture strain of antagonistic bacteria on resistance and susceptible cultivars
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum leads to significant yield losses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in many provinces of Iran, especially in the northern provinces in the margin of Caspian Sea. One strategy for the control of FHB is to use antagonistic bacteria that are plant growth promoting. In order to assess the potential of phyllospheric microorganisms in biological...
January 2012
Studies on antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of maize silk
To study antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of maize silk. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus coli and Candida albicans were chosen as detected germs. Using methods of agar plated diffusions and tube continuous dilution to detect antimicrobial activity and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of ethanolic extract of maize silk. Ethanolic extract of maize...
January 2012
Isolation and characterization of acetic acid bacteria in cocoa fermentation
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) from traditional indigenous process of cocoa bean fermentation were studied at a location in Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico. High counts were detected at the beginning of the fermentation (5.7+ or - 0.26 cfu/g dry matter) and were present throughout fermentation time. Six AAB strains were isolated and characterized by morphological, biochemical and molecular methods. Morphological and...
January 2012
Mutants of the hybrid sensor kinase CstA affect cyst cell development in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7
We previously characterized a gene (originally named org35, renamed cstA) encoding aPAS/PAC sensor hybrid histidine kinase (HK) which interacts with Azospirilum brasilenseNifA in a yeast two-hybrid system. The predicted CstA is a hybrid sensor kinase, comprising two N-terminal PAS domains, a histidine kinase core domain and a response regulator receiver...
January 2012
Short-term effects of intensive non-surgical periodontal therapy and low-dose doxycycline on serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and lipid profile in advanced periodontitis
Adjunctive use of sub-antimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) is a mode of host modulation therapy for periodontitis. However, the potential of SDD for moderating serum inflammatory mediators has not been investigated extensively. This study evaluated the effects of intensive scaling and root planning (ITSRP) ± SDD on the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and lipid profile in...
January 2012
Self and cross incompatibility traits analysis in some diseases tolerant almond genotypes by PCR
Almond is one of the oldest nut crops in the world and has a main problem called self-incompatibility. Identification of S alleles in almond cultivars and genotypes is essential for breeders and growers. The aim of this study was to identify S alleles pattern in 30 late bloom and resistant to aphid, mite, Monilia laxa and "Polystigma occharaceum" fungus almond genotypes from different...
January 2012
Situation of Salmonella contamination in food in Hebei Province of China in 2009 - 2010
A total of 139 samples including 29 pork, 21 chicken, 19 beef, 17 mutton, 18 chicken’s egg, 10 duck’s egg, 20 fish and 5 seafood samples were collected from market in Hebei province of China in 2009-2010. These samples were examined for the presence ofSalmonellae by cultural methods and biochemical tests. The isolates were characterized using serotyping testing. As a result, nine (6.9%) of them were...
January 2012
Detection of common resistance genes of Gram-negative bacteria by DNA microarray assay
To design a DNA microarray for the detection of common resistance genes of Gram-negative bacteria, we collected 70 strains of Gram-negative bacilli (Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii), and the primers and probes were designed and synthesized according to the known resistance genes to prepare the deoxyribonucleic...
January 2012
Effect of the extracts from Gastrodia elata BL. on mycelial growth and polysaccharide biosynthesis by Grifola frondosa
Two groups of the extracts from different Gastrodia elata BL.s were separately added into the fermentation system of Grifola frondosa in submerged culture. The results showed that the two extracts could promote the biomass growth of Grifola frondosa significantly (P<0.05). However, the extracts of Gastrodia elata BL. in the group 2 would contribute more to Grifola...
January 2012
Synergistic effect of combinations of fungicides and bacterial extracts against Phomopsis azadirachtae causing die-back of neem
Phomopsis azadirachtae causes die-back of neem and this disease is presently a major devastating disease of neem in India, resulting in the reduction of life expectancy and flower production. Development of effective, eco-friendly management strategies against this disease is most important. Two systemic fungicides carbendazim and thiophanate- methyl were combined with ethyl acetate extract of antagonistic...
January 2012
Production of none germinate spore ghost from a novel marine Bacillus with thermostable laccase activity
Laccases are effective biocatalysts for various biotechnological applications. Treatment of effluents containing phenol components such as toluene using fungal laccases is usually limited to the acid to neutral pH range and moderate temperatures. In this research, severalBacilli sp., were isolated from marine environment in toluene enriched media in purpose to obtain high laccase activities in spore forming...
January 2012
Phenotypic traits and comparative detection methods of vaginal carriage of Group B streptococci and its associated micro-biota in term pregnant Saudi women
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a significant cause of serious infections in neonates and the composition of the vaginal micro-biota also affect neonatal outcome. To investigate vaginal carriage of Group B streptococcus in 217 term Saudi pregnant women, the direct antigen detection method in selective enrichment broth, Todd-Hewitt broth with 8 µg/ml gentamicin and 15 µg/ml nalidixic...
January 2012
Patterns of antibiotic sensitivity of bacterial pathogens among urinary tract infections (UTI) patients in a Pakistani population
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common and frequently encountered serious morbidity that afflicts its toll not only to all segments of human population but also results in increasing antibiotic resistance due to persistence and mis-management of the ailment. Pathogenic organisms’ isolation and determination of antibiotic resistance by bacterial uropathogens in a cross section of patients was investigated at...
January 2012
Patterns of antibiotic sensitivity of bacterial pathogens among urinary tract infections (UTI) patients in a Pakistani population
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common and frequently encountered serious morbidity that afflicts its toll not only to all segments of human population but also results in increasing antibiotic resistance due to persistence and mis-management of the ailment. Pathogenic organisms’ isolation and determination of antibiotic resistance by bacterial uropathogens in a cross section of patients was investigated at...
January 2012
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of propolis and nanopropolis against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans
This study was carried out in order to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of propolis and nanopropolis, against Staphylocuccus aureus and Candida albicans collected from Ferula ovina (Boiss.) Taleghan, Iran. Agar well diffusion method was employed to determine the antimicrobial activity of propolis and nanopropolis. The nanopropoils was prepared by milling...
January 2012
Nano study of antioxidant activities of fermented soy whey prepared with lactic acid bacteria and kefir
This study aims were to test antioxidative activity of supernatant from fermented soy whey to find out their nutraceutical potential. Fermented soy whey was prepared usingLactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus and Kefir, fermented at room temperature (25-26°C) for 24 and 48 h. Antioxidative properties were assessed by DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity...
January 2012
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy against tuberculosis with DNA expressing ESAT6 protein
The greatest challenges in tuberculosis (TB) vaccine development include optimization of vaccines for use in humans, creation of effective single-dose vaccines, development of delivery systems that do not involve live viruses, and the identification of effective new adjuvants. In this study, we examined the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccine (pVAX1-ESAT6) expressing ESAT6 protein and its booster...
January 2012
Optimization of methyl orange decolorization by mono and mixed bacterial culture techniques using statistical designs
Acinetobacter baumannii, Corynebacterium sp., Cytophaga columnaris, Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas fluorescence and Pseudomonas luteola were locally isolated bacteria from sewage Disposal Lake at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and they can decolorize methyl orange (MO), except P. luteola. P. fluorescence was the most potent MO decolorizing and to a lesser extends A. baumannii....
January 2012
Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 isolated from coastal water of Arabian Gulf
The mechanism of pathogenic Vibrio cholerae to cause disease depends on the expression of virulence factors such as a potent cholera toxin (CT), and pilus colonization factor (toxin co-regulated pilus; TCP). The gene’s molecular characterization provides V. choleraeecology of the...
January 2012
Study of prevalence and antibiotic resistance in Aeromonas species isolated from minced meat and chicken samples in Iran
Aeromonas spp. was commonly isolated from ground meat and chicken samples at the retail level. From January to September 2009, 92 samples of chicken and 158 samples of minced meat for sale in retail outlets from regions under supervision of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS, Iran) were analyzed for the prevalence of Aeromonas species. Aeromonads were isolated from 80 (32%) of the samples...
January 2012
Prevalence and comparison of Beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp from clinical and environmental sources in Lahore, Pakistan
Beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriacea is a significant problem all over the world. There is lot of research on worldwide distribution of this enzyme. We studied the prevalence of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates from clinical and environmental sources. For selection of ESBL isolates criteria of standard clinical laboratory standard institute was followed. Result...
January 2012
In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12
Three polysaccharides namely, exopolysaccharide (EPS), water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (WPS) and sodium hydroxide-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (SPS), were prepared from the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea zingiberensis, and their in vitro antioxidant activities were investigated by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)...
January 2012
Antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum against oral microbial plaque
Some strains of lactic acid bacteria have a favorable influence on physiologic and pathological processes of the host due to their specific health-promoting probiotic characteristics that relate to modulation of the immune system. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possibility of antimicrobial substances against oral microbial plaque, extracted from Lactobacillus plantarum during its growth in...
January 2012
Investigation of reduced glycopeptid susceptibility among methicillin resistant staphylococci
Incidence of vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and vancomycin hetero-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (h-VISA) has been increasing in the world and our country. We aimed to determine whether there is any difference between the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of glycopeptide antibiotics against meticillin susceptible and resistant staphylococci and investigate...
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