April 2019
Abilities of Achyla orion and Allomyces anomalus to degrade petroleum and petroleum products as sole carbon sources
Abilities of Achyla orion and Allomyces anomalus isolated from some crude oil polluted aquatic environments in Nigeria to biodegrade petroleum and petroleum products were determined. Baiting method using hemp and sesame seeds was used to isolate the two species of aquatic phycomycetes. The species were grown in liquid broth culture made of minimal mineral salts supplemented separately with petrol, diesel and...
April 2019
Effects of inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to minimize panicle grain shattering habit for increased yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Locally isolated Bacillus subtilis (UPMB10) as nitrogen fixer and B. pumillus (GM118) as phosphate solubilizer act as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The objective of this study is to determine the response of single and co-inoculation of these PGPR on the panicle breaking strength to minimize panicle grain shattering to increase rice yield. The ability to fix nitrogen and solubilize phosphate,...
March 2019
Purification and characterisation of a novel broad spectrum anti-tumor L-glutaminase enzyme from marine Bacillus subtilis strain JK-79
L-glutaminase is a therapeutic enzyme used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, the extracellular L-glutaminase produced by Bacillus subtilis strain JK-79 was purified to homogeneity. The purified L-glutaminase has specific activity of 937 U mg−1 with KM and VMax value of 8 × 10-2 mM and 200 µM/ml min, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel...
March 2019
Hepatitis C virus infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Cotonou, Benin
Screening of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by molecular test is not routinely performed for the care of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients in most countries of Sub-Saharan Africa such as Benin. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of HCV infection in patients infected with HIV in Cotonou. This study was conducted from February to June 2017 on HIV infected patients from the National...
March 2019
The prevalence of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance among the Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
Tuberculosis (TB) has become a global health challenge; it is a serious problem in sub-Saharan Africa, where rates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection and drug resistance are high. The prevalence and rifampicin (RIF) resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) among patients attending Federal Medical Centre Makurdi, Benue State was investigated. Sputum samples collected from 200 patients were tested...
March 2019
Detection of pathogenic bacteria and fungi on biometric surface of Automated Teller Machines located in Brazilian public hospital
The Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is used by millions of people as an alternative to gain time instead of using traditional banking systems in Brazil and ATMs are frequently localized in São Paulo city around the hospitals. However, ATMs might be potential devices for microbial accumulation and transmission in the community. The objective of the present study was to evaluate forty-two ATMs, in two hospital areas...
March 2019
Effectiveness of commonly used antiseptics on bacteria causing nosocomial infections in tertiary hospital in Malaysia
The antimicrobial inhibitory effects of five common antiseptics [Chlorhexidine (CHX), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Iodine, Ethanol and Dettol] were investigated using agar well diffusion method. The organisms used included methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The undiluted concentrations of the antiseptics showed...
March 2019
In vivo safety and hypolipidemic effect of Bifidobacterium adolenscentis CH2 in female albino rats
This paper studied the safety and physiological effect of acute intake of Bifidobacterium adolescentis CH2 in albino rats using yogurt as a carrier. Thirty-six female albino rats were divided into three groups: control group received standard diet and water daily; yogurt group received standard diet, water, and 0.5 ml yogurt; B. adolenscentis-yogurt (probiotic yogurt) group received standard diet, water, and 0.5 ml B....
March 2019
Survey of bacterial contamination and antibiotic resistance pattern of Bangladeshi paper currency notes in Mymensingh city
Paper currency notes, which are transferred from one individual to another, are known to carry microorganisms on their surface. As people have to exchange currencies repeatedly to buy goods and services in their everyday life, risk of spreading infectious diseases may be enhanced. Thus, it is important to identify the bacteria associated with currency and evaluate their multidrug resistance pattern. Consequently, the...
March 2019
Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) biofilm formation on eugenol-impregnated surgical sutures
The use of bioactive compounds as anti-infective coating on biomaterial surfaces has been studied as a tool against microbial adhesion and the establishment of biofilms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of eugenol, specifically the ability to interact with cotton suture threads for preventing adhesion and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175). The minimum inhibitory...
March 2019
Utility of molecular diagnostic method compared with conventional methods in detection of etiologic agents of central nervous system infections in Rwanda
The incidence of meningoencephalitis in developing countries is high and its diagnosis being inadequate as it is mainly based on conventional methods with a limited diagnostic capacity for bacterial, fungal and viral detection. This results in prescription of a cocktail of antibiotics, antifungal, or anti-viral drugs, since the causative agent is often unknown. There is therefore need for timely and appropriate...
February 2019
Antibiotic resistance in Saudi Arabia and some Middle Eastern countries: Current status
Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health worldwide, especially for serious infections, leaving limited choices for antimicrobials to be used. The World Health Organization (WHO) launched several strategies to control the spread of this resistance. However, in the Middle East the problem can become worse if these strategies are not applied due to the geographical location between developed and...
February 2019
First report of the types TEM, CTX-M, SHV and OXA-48 of beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli, from Brazzaville, Congo
The objective of this study was to evaluate the emergence of beta-lactam resistance related to extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) encoding genes (TEM, SHV, CTX-M-1 and OXA-48) in Escherichia coli from Brazzaville. In the period between January 2016 and May 2017, 89 strains in E. coli were isolated from hospitalized patients, outpatients and domestic sewage. The E. coli strains were identified by the API 20E system....
February 2019
Microbial quality of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) and physico-chemical properties of salted sun-dried products sold at regional markets, Tanzania
This study was conducted to investigate the microbial and physico-chemical qualities of salted sun-dried Nile perch (Lates niloticus) products and frozen fish from various storage facilities in Mwanza, Tanzania. The bacterial flora, moisture contents (MCs), and water activity (Aw) were investigated using standard methods. A total of 120 samples were collected for microbiological analysis with 90 of the samples...
February 2019
Isolation and identification of bacteria from high-temperature compost at temperatures exceeding 90°C
Conventional composts exhibit temperatures ranging from 50 to 80°C during organic waste degradation by microorganisms. In high-temperature compost, temperatures can reach ≥90°C with appropriate bottom aeration. To elucidate specific characteristics of the bacterial activity in high-temperature compost and to regenerate a high-temperature compost from isolates, bacterial isolation and characterization were...
February 2019
Microbial contamination of cell phones of nursing department students in Technical Institute of Baqubah, Iraq
This study was aimed to investigate microbiological colonization of cell phones used by nursing students of Baqubah Technical Institute, from June to August 2018. In 150 randomly collected cell phones, 133 bacterial and 74 fungal species were isolated using sterile swabs from cell phones surface. The microbe were identified using conventional methods, bacterial species isolated were: Staphylococcus aureus (48%),...
February 2019
A comparative study on antibacterial effects of Hagenia abyssinica oil extracted from different parts of the plant using different solvents against two selected and standardized human pathogens
Hagenia abyssinica is an important medicinal plant that the traditional society relied on for generations as a traditional medicine for various types of worm infections. The tree is a multipurpose dioecious tree and can grow up to 20 m in length. This research work is designed to investigate the antibacterial activity of H. abyssinica oils extracted using three different kinds of solvent and from three...
February 2019
Biosynthesis of cadmium selenide quantum dots by Providencia vermicola
Cadmium selenide quantum dots (CdSe QDs) were synthesized by using Providencia vermicola BGRW, which has discriminatory ability to resist many metals such as Selenium, Cadmium, Silver, Zinc, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Cobalt and Bismuth metals. BGRW was able to grow in the presence of 6 mM of CdCl2. The best conditions for extra/intracellular CdSe QDs synthesis were 0.1 mM SeO2: 0.9 mM CdCl2, 37°C, pH 9 within 24 h. The...
February 2019
Influence of aqueous extracts of black angico on Pratylenchus brachyurus in cotton plants
The root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus brachyurus) is one of the main phytosanitary problems of cotton plants in Brazil. Searching for alternatives that minimize the damages in the crop, several methods are performed aiming to manage these damages. Among them, is the use of vegetal extracts. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of black angico extract (Anadenanthera macrocarpa) in the...
February 2019
Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria spp having antibacterial and antiviral effects on chronic HCV infection
Hepatitis C virus is a serious hepatic disease that could be developed into hepatocellular carcinoma. Previously, some probiotic strains showed a natural therapeutic activity against the fatty liver disorder. Therefore, it could make sense to evaluate the antiviral and antibacterial responses to probiotics as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria spp. in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus. Twenty (20)...
February 2019
Molecular characterization of silver resistant E. coli strains isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered a good alternative for antibiotics due to emerging Multidrug Resistance (MDR) crisis. Resistance to AgNPs is approximately limited among Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Low toxicity to human cells permits its safe use as a new antimicrobial with broad spectrum. Bacterial cells are used as a factory for AgNPs synthesis supplying a powerful antimicrobial with...
January 2019
Antibacterial activities of aqueous and methanol leaf extracts of Solanum incanum Linn. (Solanaceae) against multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates
It is estimated that about 80% of the world’s population use medicinal plants either in their crude unmodified form or partially in their modified semi-synthetic form for their medical care. The present study investigated the antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol leaf extracts of Solanum incanum Linn. (Solanaceae) against multiple drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates (Streptococcus pyogenes,...
January 2019
Evaluation of bacterial culture and their resistant pattern in pus containing patients of different wards of the hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
In health care delivery worldwide, infections acquired in health care setting are the most challenging factors. Infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria have increased day by day in both developed and developing countries. This study is performed to screen the bacterial pathogens present in pus samples taken from patients of different wards of hospital. Isolation of bacteria was determined by standard microbial...
January 2019
In vitro activities of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of Ocimum gratissimum on Escherichia coli ESBL, Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
The misuse of antibiotics plays a role in increasing of antimicrobial resistance. The plants, of traditional use, then become an alternative solution to deal with this public health issue. Ocimum gratissimum L. is a widely used plant in Togo for several diseases. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the hydro-ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaves of this plant, by measuring the...
January 2019
Multiplex RT-PCR identification of five viruses associated with the watermelon crops in the Brazilian Cerrado
Watermelon plants can be naturally infected by several viruses in single or mixed infections, of which the diagnosis is difficult and require specific techniques. This study aims to detect and to verify the presence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Papaya ringspot virus type W (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and the main cucurbit...
January 2019
Effects of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from the sap of palm tree Elaeis guineensis (palm wine) on cellular and innate immunity
The isolation, characterization and effects of lactobacillus spp. from fresh palm wine was undertaken in this study. The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate the in vivo effects of the isolates on innate and cellular immune system. The result of the phenotypic and genotypic characterizations showed the presence of Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. Tolerans, Lactobacillus paracasei and...
January 2019
Identification of fliC and flagella expression in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar gallinarum
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum biovar. gallinarum (S. gallinarum) is the causative agent of fowl Typhoid, a bacterial disease that affects domestic and wild birds. For many years, S. gallinarum was defined as an aflagellated bacterium, that is, non-motile. However, the closely related strain Salmonella pullorum is capable of expressing a flagellum-like filament. Since these bacteria are practically...
January 2019
Evaluation of starter culture fermented sweet potato flour using FTIR spectra and GCMS Chromatogram
Starch is the major component of cereal grains and starchy foods, and changes in its biophysical and biochemical properties (such as, amylose, amylopectin, pasting, gelatinization, viscosity) will have a direct effect on its end use properties (such as, bread, malt, polymers). Lactobacillus brevis and Debaromyces polymorphous earlier obtained from fermented sweet poatao broth were used to ferment sweet potato and...
January 2019
In vitro antibacterial activity of Rumex nervosus and Clematis simensis plants against some bacterial human pathogens
Due to quick growth of resistance and high cost of new generation antibiotics, lots of efforts were made to discover new antimicrobial agents from various sources. So, current study was assessed antibacterial activity of ethanol, methanol, acetone, diethyl ether and hexane leave extracts of Rumex nervosus and Clematis simensis by used paper disc diffusion and broth dilution procedures against six human pathogenic...
January 2019
Study on bovine mastitis with isolation of bacterial and fungal causal agents and assessing antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolated Staphylococcus species in and around Sebeta town, Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to May 2017 in and around Sebeta town with the aim of assessing the prevalence of mastitis, isolation of aerobic bacterial and fungal causal agents and assessing antimicrobial resistance pattern of isolated Staphylococcus species in dairy cows. From a total of 383 dairy cows, 220 (57.4%) were found to be positive for mastitis of which 10.4% were affected by...
December 2018
Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungus, Penicillium griseofulvum MPR1 isolated from medicinal plant, Mentha pulegium L.
In the present study, an endophytic fungus with a considerable antimicrobial activity was isolated from the medicinal plant Mentha Pulegium L. The morphological and molecular identification revealed that this fungus is a Penicillium griseofulvum. A preliminary screening was done to choose the suitable culture medium for a maximum production of the bioactive compounds using the dual-culture agar diffusion assay. The malt...
December 2018
Health and nutritional quality assessment of salmonella-contaminated poultry products in sub-Saharan Africa; A case of cote d'ivoire
The poultry sector is developing rapidly in sub-Saharan Africa but it remains informal in many countries, including Côte d'Ivoire. This situation, which is favourable to the health and nutritional insecurity of food of avian origin, deserves special attention, because of Salmonella, which has poultry as its outbreak. The aim of this study was to help reduce the risk of food poisoning linked to the consumption...
December 2018
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of MRSA strains isolated from patients of a hospital in Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are on the rise leading to severe morbidity and mortality in ICU patients worldwide including Saudi Arabia. In the present study, the prevalence, gender distribution and antimicrobial resistance pattern of this gram-positive nosocomial bacterial pathogen were explored. The strains were isolated from 6840 sampled patients at King Fahd...
December 2018
An evaluation of the effect of graphene oxide on Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Graphene oxide (GO) has a wide range of applications. It has been identified to have significant potential for important biomedical and biochemical uses. Graphene and its derivatives are known to elicit toxic effects. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a versatile yeast of importance with several uses, one of which is its application as a human probiotic. The interaction of GO with living systems is of interest and relevance....
December 2018
Isolation and characterization of phenol degrading Bacillus species from a Southeast Brazilian mangrove sediment
Phenolic compounds are common pollutants in industrial effluents and pose a significant risk to the environment. The microbial capacity to degrade these molecules makes the prospection of bacteria with this ability very strategic for bioremediation processes in contaminated areas. This study was carried out to isolate bacteria with phenol degrading capacity from Brazilian mangrove soil. Microorganisms were evaluated for...
December 2018
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogenic microorganisms associated with vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) patients in Abakaliki, South eastern Nigeria
The objective of this study was to review the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogenic microorganisms associated with VVF patients in Abakaliki, South eastern Nigeria. Out of the 117 bacterial isolates obtained from 108 mid-stream urine samples of VVF patients, 72 isolates [15 (20.8%) Staphylococcus aureus, 8 (11.1%) Enterococcus faecalis, 12 (16.7%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 11 (15.3%) Proteus mirabilis, and...
December 2018
Diversity and Symbiotic Effectiveness of Rhizobium Isolates Collected from Different Faba bean (Vicia faba) Growing Areas of North and South Gondar, Ethiopia
Fifty seven Rhizobium isolates were retrieved based on infection method from different faba bean growing areas of North and South Gondar, Ethiopia. In sand culture, only 35.5% of isolates showed nodulation. Analyses of variance indicated that inoculation of isolates improved tested traits significantly (p< 0.05) at all measured investigated parameters such as shoot length, shoot dry weight, and plant total nitrogen...
December 2018
Agronomic performance of soybean treated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
The development of practices that maintain or increases soybean yield can increase the profitability of this crop. In this context, the use of microorganism-based products in crops has been extensively studied. Among the species, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has shown significant potential for agronomic use due to its ability to control phytoparasitic microorganisms and its effects in promoting plant growth. The aim of...
December 2018
Seroprevalence of Chikungunya during outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh in 2017
Chikungunya (CHIK) infection is re-emergence public health problem globally including Bangladesh. It is an arthropod-borne disease, which is transmitted by mosquitoes bite. The virus was first isolated in Newala district of Tanzania in 1953. In 2017, an outbreak of Chikungunya, has struck Bangladesh’s capital, Dhaka. This study was conducted to know the seroprevalence, clinical presentations and seasonal trends of...
November 2018
Epidemiology, prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in farm animals and farm workers in the Central Region of Ghana
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important microorganisms which has increasingly become resistant to most commonly used antimicrobials. This research investigated the epidemiology, nasal carriage prevalence and the antibiotic susceptibility profile of MRSA among farm animals and farm workers in the Central Region of Ghana. A total of 396 nasal swabs were collected from farm animals...
November 2018
Root symbioses in two legume-grass consortia inoculated with soils obtained from degraded coal mining areas in reclamation
The intense exploitation of coal deposits in Southern Brazil has caused severe degradation problems in extensive areas. In order to recover such areas, the use of revegetation with species adapted to disturbed environments and with the capacity to establish mutual relationships with microorganisms have been of great value. The objective of this study is to characterize plant-root symbioses in two grass-legume...
November 2018
Epidemiology of bloodstream infection in Saudi Arabia
Bloodstream infections are a challenge to clinicians due to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, rational antimicrobial therapy, if promptly started, can improve the prognosis of sepsis. The gold-standard blood culture has some limitations and it takes time to complete (about 2-5 days). This leaves the clinicians to start immediately broad-range antimicrobial therapy until microbiology culture’s...
November 2018
Diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among women at Institut Pasteur of Côte d’Ivoire
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a mobile flagellate pathogenic protist protozoan of the urogenital tract, Trichomonas vaginalis. No data is available in Côte d’Ivoire about its diagnosis by molecular methods. This study aims to identify T. vaginalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among women at Institut Pasteur of Côte d’Ivoire. Vaginal swabs were obtained from each...
November 2018
Diversity of culturable endophytic fungi of Hevea guianensis: A latex producer native tree from the Brazilian Amazon
Hevea guianensis is a species of rubber tree native to the Amazon rainforest. This tree is highly exploited for latex extraction but is not cultivated. Therefore, few studies have investigated its microbiota. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of endophytic fungi in the leaves, stems and roots of H. guianensis trees from the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 92 fungi were isolated from different tissues of...
November 2018
Impact of faecal bacteria contamination on drinking water supply in Aghien Lagoon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
In developing countries, urban surface waters are particularly affected by faecal pollution from domestic wastewaters due to the lack of sanitation and wastewater treatment plants. The presence of pathogenic microorganisms limits the uses of these waters for recreation and economic activities. In Ivory Coast, due to the important gap between water demand and water supply in urban areas, use of surface waters for the...
November 2018
Antibiotics resistance patterns of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated from clinical samples in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Methicillin-resistant staphylococci have emerged as significant pathogens which cause various infections and its multidrug resistance is a major concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene and antibiotic resistance patterns of staphylococci isolated from clinical infections in Abidjan. A total of 35 staphylococci strains was obtained from 35 clinical samples (pus,...
November 2018
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of inducible clindamycin resistance among Staphylococcal strains isolated from cancer patients with febrile neutropenia
This work aimed at the phenotypic and molecular characterization of inducible clindamycin resistance among strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Out of 231clinical specimens Staphylococci were isolated from 179 (77.48%) cases. Isolates were identified by conventional microbiological methods. Antimicrobial sensitivity to all isolates was done using disc diffusion...
October 2018
Antibacterial activity of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) on some pathogenic gastrointestinal bacteria
The emergence of antibiotic resistance as well as the recent undesirable side effect of some of the commercially available antibiotics has led to the screening of plant extract in order to discover new drug that could serve as alternative therapy for the treatment of various infections and diseases. Fresh leaf of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) sample was collected, air-dried at room temperature and blended to powder...
October 2018
In vitro study on the anti-microbial efficacy of Aloe vera against Candida albicans
Oral Candida infections are common among the people who are immunocompromised, with poor oral hygiene, diabetics and advanced age. Even though several effective antifungal agents are available for treating oral Candida infections, on prolonged and frequent treatment with these drugs, they may result in development of drug resistant organisms. This leads to looking for an effective, inexpensive and simple alternative....
October 2018
Bio-preservative potential of lactic acid bacteria metabolites against fungal pathogens
Bio-preservative potential of the secondary metabolites produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented cassava was assessed against fungal pathogens associated with spoilage of fresh fruits and vegetables. Twenty LAB isolates were identified according to standard morphological and biochemical methods and ten were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic identifications. The metabolites produced were tested...
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