Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira from cattle in peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
October 2023
Leptospirosis is a bacterial, zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira. Rodents are known to carry pathogenic Leptospira, but livestock are also important hosts. The disease is economically important in cattle, causing abortion, decreased fertility and decline in milk yield. Pathogenic Leptospira are shed in cattle urine and can survive in the environment. Only a few studies have been performed in Ethiopia to...
Effect of methylprednisolone on the morphology of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line in vitro model by Atomic Force Microscopy
September 2023
Despite the recent knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of corticosteroid drugs in lymphoid leukemia, information about the nanostructured surface morphology of the process of cell death is limited. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to analyze the effect of methylprednisolone on the morphology of B lymphoblast CCRF-SB cell line by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Morphological parameters such as height, cell...
Screening groundnut rhizobia for multiple plant growth promoting activities in Ethiopia
September 2023
Rhizobia could exhibit plant growth-promoting mechanisms besides nitrogen fixation. In search of efficient rhizobia with multiple PGP traits, 72 groundnut nodulating rhizobia isolates were screened in vitro for their plant growth promoting traits like phosphate solubilization, production of indole acetic acid, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, production of different hydrolytic enzymes and antifungal activity. About 72% of the...
Density and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Anacardium occidentale L. plantations in Senegal
September 2023
Cashew nut cultivation plays an important socio-economic role in Senegal. However, it suffers from several problems, including declining soil fertility which leads to low productivity. To overcome these constraints, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could be a sustainable alternative. However, the positive effects of AMFs may depend on their infectious potential, density, and diversity. So far, little...
Morphological, pathogenic and molecular characterization of fungal species associated with mango fruits in Mexico
August 2023
The characterisation of the causal agents of postharvest diseases, as well as their pathogenicity in different mango cultivars of economic importance in Mexico was evaluated. In total, 37 fungi were isolated from diseased mango (Mangifera indica L.) of the cvs Ataulfo, Hayden, Manila, Peach, Haden and creole. For the morphological characterization, the isolates were seeded in potato dextrose agar media and described by...
Beneficial microorganisms as affecting root development of upland rice
August 2023
Multifunctional microorganisms can significantly affect root and shoot development of upland rice seedling that could provide an increase in the crop grain yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of single and combined microorganism on the root and shoot development of upland rice seedlings. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with treatments consisting of the upland rice...
Phytochemical screening and antifungal activity of Cassia alata (Linn.) crude leaf extracts
August 2023
The antimycotic effect of Casia alata (Linn.) commonly used for the treatment of skin diseases by local people in Nigeria was evaluated against dermatophytes (Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum). Ten-fold serially diluted extract concentrations were subjected to phytochemical screening and the...
Prevalence of Bartonella spp. in rodent and shrew species trapped in Kigoma and Morogoro Regions, Tanzania: A public health concern
July 2023
Bartonella spp. bacteria are responsible for bartonellosis in humans and animals for which rodents are the main natural reservoirs. Common bartonellosis symptoms include fever, chills, weakness, and headache. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Bartonella spp. infection in rodents and shrews of the genus Crocidura in the Kigoma and Morogoro regions of Tanzania. Blood culture and conventional PCR targeting a...
Use of bacterial biocontrol agents for the control of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici (Fusarium wilt) in tomatoes
July 2023
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp Lycopersici (Fusarium wilt) is a serious plant pathogen that can cause yield losses >80% in tomatoes. The disease is controlled mainly by use of synthetic pesticides, which may be harmful to both humans and the environment. In this study, the potential use of antagonistic bacteria was reported for the control of fusarium wilt. First, we isolated and characterized fungi from tomato plants with...
Multiple adaptations of bacteriophages in Lagoon Ebrie: Indicators of permanence microbiological pollution in the environment, Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa
June 2023
The Lagoon Ebrié in the city of Abidjan is a typical aquatic ecosystem that can be used to predict the existence and circulation of water pathogens. Phages are viruses that infect bacteria and can be used for the detection of their bacteria host. In this study, bacteria colonies were investigated in their natural habitat within the Lagoon by using phages as indicators. Their impact on pollution was also...
Cross-site comparison of coastal bacterial occurrences and diversity at selected sites along the North Atlantic Ocean in Monrovia, Liberia
June 2023
Coastal marine sites were examined for the occurrences and diversity of indigenous bacterial populations using high resolution 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing approach to further understand the ecological importance of environmental variables. Samples containing slurries of seawater and sediments were collected from nine different sites along the north Atlantic Ocean in Monrovia, Liberia and were divided into three...
Prevalence of rotavirus group A and associated genotypes detected in calves in Southern Highlands and Eastern Tanzania
May 2023
Rotavirus group A (RVA) causes neonatal calves diarrhoea, causing massive economic losses in many countries due to deaths, treatment costs, and stunted growth. However, little is known about Tanzanian cattle's RVA burden and genotypes. The prevalence and genetic diversity of rotaviruses circulating in cattle in Southern and Eastern Tanzania regions were investigated. A total of 272 faecal samples collected from...
Effect of Piper nigrum, Thymus vulgaris and Syzigiuim aromaticum essential oils on the microbiological and sensory quality of Pork sausages during preservation
May 2023
The use of essentials oils (EOs) as alternative of nitrites and nitrates in sausages will be proposed in this study. For this purpose, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of white Piper nigrum of Penja, Thymus vulgaris and Syzigiuim aromaticum EOs were determined in vitro against Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Salmonella enteritidis 155A and Staphylococcus aureus NCTC10652. It follows from this study that, T....
Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes in hospital effluents and streams in Benin
April 2023
Poor effluent management is known to release antibiotic resistance genes and heavy metal resistance genes into streams. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotics and heavy metals in hospital effluents and streams in Benin. The extraction of genomic DNA from multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from stream and hospital effluents samples was performed according to the...
Molecular characterization of heavy metal resistant Proteus species
April 2023
Heavy metals are silent killer of mankind and the cause of environmental pollution. The ability of some microorganisms to resist heavy metals makes them useful in bioremediation. The aim of this study was to molecularly characterize heavy metal-resistant Proteus species isolated from the soil of a cement factory. Proteus species were tested for resistance to lead, chromium, copper and iron at concentrations 0.00, 0.25,...
Molecular cloning and functional research in drug-resistance of transposase gene in Burkholderia pseudomallei
March 2023
Transposons are widely used in genetic engineering research and play an essential role in microbial drug resistance research. Transposase is the key to constructing efficient transposons, but no studies have reported transposons in Burkholderia pseudomallei. In this study, a new transposase gene was cloned and identified from HNBp001 isolated from Hainan province. Blast and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the...
Aflatoxins contamination in raw and roasted cashew nuts in Mtwara, Tanzania
March 2023
The aim of this work was to determine the contamination levels of raw and roasted cashew nuts sold in Masasi and Newala districts of Mtwara region in Tanzania. A total of 60 samples including 40 roasted (24 samples from Newala and 16 from Masasi) and 20 raw samples (12 from Newala and 8 from Masasi) were collected. Determination of total aflatoxins levels in raw and roasted cashew nuts samples was carried out by immune...
ICU COVID-19 patients with bacterial and fungal super-infections in Saudi Arabia
March 2023
Bacterial and fungal infections in COVID-19 patients were reported all over the world. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal superinfections in COVID-19 positive patients between April 2020 and December 2021. This research included patients admitted in a specialized medical center in Saudi Arabia. A total of 2643 patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 via reverse...
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Enterococcus species isolated from cows with clinical mastitis and from bulk milk tanks in Brazil
February 2023
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been reported as a major hazard to human and animal health, causing problems like clinical mastitis in dairy cattle and nosocomial infections in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro microbial susceptibility profile of enterococci isolated from dairy farms in São Paulo and Minas Gerais states, Brazil. A total of 310 samples of Enterococcus species...
The role of effector Ssc1 in Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea in the early infection stages
February 2023
In this experiment, the action mechanism of the gene Ssc1 was studied in the process of interaction with plants through heterologous expression, subcellular localization and fluorescent PCR technology. It was found that the gene Ssc1 could enhance the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea through heterologous expression. Fusing the promoter, SP and CTP of Ssc1 with GFP and expressing in tobacco, it was found that the...
Phenotypic characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Klebsiella isolates from Rattus rattus captured at university of Abuja metropolis
February 2023
The aim of this study is to phenotypically characterize Klebsiella isolates from rats. A survey was conducted on 100 swaps samples obtained from captured house rats in University of Abuja main campus from May to August 2021. Isolation and identification of the Klebsiella species was done using conventional cultural and biochemical techniques. Of the 100 samples analyzed,...
COVID-19 and pregnancy: Investigation of serological markers and associated factors
February 2023
COVID-19 is a major public health emergency that has recently shaken the world. Pregnant women have not been spared from this pandemic. Although there is no clinical difference between them and the general population, pregnant women are at increased risk of developing severe forms and pregnancy-related complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and to...
Bacterial communities associated with the surfaces of the fresh fruits sold around Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and their anti-microbial profiles
January 2023
Fresh fruits are popular sources of healthy diets with low energy density. Since they are consumed raw, it may act as a source of foodborne disease and a reservoir for antibiotic-resistant organisms. This study aimed to determine microbial prevalence among the fruits sold around hospital along with antimicrobial profiles. Thirty-five different types of fruits were bought from around Dhaka Medical College and Hospital...
Diversity and microbiological quality of fruit juices produced in southern Benin
January 2023
The fruit juice production sector is growing rapidly in Benin's major urban centers and appears to have enormous hygienic insufficiencies. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the microbiological quality of the different fruit juices produced in southern Benin. The methodological approach to the first objective consisted of a semi-structured survey coupled with direct observations of fifty enterprises produced...
Evaluation of diagnostic tests for plague in Madagascar
January 2023
Madagascar is the country that reports the most cases of plague in the world. This is an evaluation study of plague diagnosis over a 2-year period from January 2017 to December 2018. For all suspected plague cases, peripheral RDT (performed locally), central RDT (performed in the laboratory) and PCR were performed. Parameters of the diagnostic tests used, year of study, performance and study of concordance between tests...
Molecular characterization of multiple antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from selected hospital fomites and hands of health care workers in Ondo, Nigeria
January 2023
The study reported the molecular characterization, antibiotic susceptibility profile and the nature of resistance genes in the multiple antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from selected hospital fomites and hands of health care workers in Ondo, Nigeria. Various fomites and hands of health care workers were swabbed for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each sample was cultured separately on...
Characterization of tannase-producing bacteria in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.Walp)
December 2022
Bacteria populations isolated from Cowpea were screened on tannic acid agar medium and determined by zones of hydrolysis after 48 h of incubation at 35°C with three bacteria isolates with isolate codes; DVN 5, DVN 8 and DVN 17a, identified as Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. respectively observed as having the highest zones of hydrolysis and subjected to further screening. Tannase...
Molecular analysis of zoonotic pathogens observed in Thryonomys swinderianus (Marsh cane rat) in the city of Daloa in Center Western Côte d’Ivoire
December 2022
Bush meat is a source of food and income for many people in Center Western Côte d’Ivoire. However, it can have adverse effects on the health of the population when food safety practices are not respected. The assessment of the health risk associated with the consumption of bush meat was carried out on 17 faeces samples of Thryonomys swinderianus (marsh cane rat) collected in the city of Daloa in Center...
Performance of the PanbioTM COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test in a health care setting in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
November 2022
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the PanbioTM Covid-19 Ag Rapid Test (Abbott) in a medical center in Ouagadougou. The PanbioTM COVID-19 Ag test was evaluated from January 26 to March 31, 2021 in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in the medical Centre of Kossodo. A total of 268 individuals were tested by both SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, and antigen RDT. Of these 268 individuals, 52 were positive and 216 were...
Antimicrobial properties of Moringa Stenopetala seed oil
November 2022
Moringa stenopetala is a multipurpose tree with considerable economic and social potential as it has vital nutritional, industrial, and medicinal applications. The study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of M. stenopetala seed oil against pathogenic microorganisms. M. Stenopetala seeds were collected from three locations (Damba Gofa, Shelle, and Konso) and extracted using two different solvents...
Regulation of the bE and bW genes in Sporisorium scitamineum using silver nanoparticles synthesized with Carissa spinarum extract
October 2022
Sugarcane smut is caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum. It is a disease of economic importance in the sugarcane industry because it can cause losses that can lead to total crop failure. Bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, yet they have not been explored against S. scitamineum. Optimization of the mixtures using ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed...
Antifungal activity of essential oil-based formulations used in corn preservation in Burkina Faso
October 2022
Fungi and their toxins have an impact on the hygienic standards and market value of corn (Zea Mayas L.) in Burkina Faso. Though effective, other pesticides have been shown to be harmful. This study aims to aid in the management of corn diseases by assessing the effectiveness of bio-fungicide formulations. In this study, the blotter method was used to assess the antifungal activity at doses of 0.5% (5 g/kg) and 1% (10...
The effect of organic soil amendments on stalk rot of maize caused by Fusarium verticillioides
October 2022
The effect of 3 organic soil amendments viz., cassava peel (Manihot esculenta, Cranz), sawdust (Gmelina arborea, Roxb) and leaves of (Cedrela odorata, L) on the stalk rot of maize (Zea mays L.) caused by Fusarium verticillioides was investigated. Fourteen treatments made up of single or combined treatments with pathogenic or non-pathogenic inoculation of concentrations 3:1, 2:2 and 1:3 were added to 15.8 g sterilized...
Microbiology spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogen from ready-to-eat sliced pineapple and water melon
October 2022
This study was conducted to examine microbiological quality and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogen of ready to eat sliced pineapple and water melon. Pineapples and water melon were purchased from three different vendors in Sango, University of Ibadan and Apete markets. Isolation and identification of pathogens were carried out using culture dependent method, morphological and biochemical characterization,...
Comparison of modified Ziehl Neelsen staining technique with antigen detection using ELISA in the diagnosis of Cryptosporidiosis at a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria
September 2022
Cryptosporidiosis is a diarrhoeal disease caused by Cryptosporidium species. It has become a more recognised pathogen especially in immunocompromised patients. It is an important opportunistic infection responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and AIDS patients. The main aim of this study is to compare microscopy using modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) with ELISA in the...
Fungal colonization of air-conditioning systems and indoor cultivated plants and its relation to human health
August 2022
Fungi have been implicated as quantitatively the most important bio-aerosol component of indoor air associated with contaminated air-conditioning systems and soil of indoor cultivated plants. The objectives of this study were not only to assess the level of fungal contamination in the filter dust of air conditioning systems and soil of indoor cultivated potted plants present inside homes, offices and hospitals for one...
Microbiological characterization of traditionally fermented food in southern Mozambique
August 2022
Traditionally fermented foods are source of income and improve quality of diets in rural communities. In Mozambique there are several locally fermented foods, however little is known about fermentation technology and microbial composition. This study aimed to determine physico-chemical parameters and the microbial diversity of traditionally fermented foods in Mozambique. Samples of ucanhi, maheu, massi and rhali were...
Emergence of Diarrhoeagenic Klebsiella pneumoniae Carrying astA and senB genes in Nigeria
July 2022
Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasingly being isolated from the stool of Nigerian patients. K. pneumoniae was isolated from stool samples submitted to two clinical laboratories in Nigeria from patients presenting with various symptoms of gastrointestinal tract infections, including diarrhoea. The authors characterized the virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of these K. pneumoniae strains. Sixteen pure cultures of...
Biosorption of heavy metals using bacterial isolates from e-waste soil
July 2022
The discharge of untreated wastes containing heavy metals into the environment is a challenge to living cells, and in the search for treatment method, biosorption has been an economical and easy technique for heavy metals removal. This study was carried out to determine the biosorption capacity of bacterial isolates from electronic wastes soil. The isolates from e-waste soil were screened and selected for heavy metals...
In vitro antibacterial activity of mixed Garcinia buchananii B. and Curcuma longa L. ethanolic extracts against Streptococcus pneumoniae
July 2022
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia. In children, 22% of the deaths are due to pneumonia as the single leading cause of death. The local people in Uganda use herbs like Curcuma longa Linnaeus and Garcinia buchananii Baker to manage upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). The ethanolic extracts of the C. longa rhizome and G. buchananii stem bark have individually...
Antibiogram and multidrug resistant pattern of Escherichia coli from environmental sources in Port Harcourt
June 2022
Antibiotics are the most successful form of therapeutics developed for the treatment of disease caused by bacteria. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of Escherichia coli and multidrug resistant pattern from environmental sources in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Forty samples were collected from environmental sources including poultry litter, soil, waste water and cloaca. All samples were inoculated onto...
Assessment of handwashing knowledge, attitude and practices among healthcare workers at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania
June 2022
The World Health Organization (WHO) ranks healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) as one of the top ten causes of hospital death worldwide. Hand hygiene is arguably the simplest and most effective way to prevent the transmission of HCAI between one patient to another or from patients to healthcare workers. The practical implementation of hand hygiene depends on the attitude and knowledge of health practitioners regarding...
Antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolates from ward environment of a hospital in Tema, Ghana
June 2022
Community and hospital-acquired antimicrobial resistance is on the increase worldwide and threatens the ability to treat patients effectively. This can result in high levels of morbidity and mortality from microbial infections. Susceptibility patterns help track microbial resistance potentials in order to enhance antibiotic prescription and use. The susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi...
Biodegradability of polystyrene plastics by bacterial isolates from plastic composted waste soil and molecular characterization of plastic degrading bacterial isolates
June 2022
This study examined the biodegradability of polystyrene (PS) plastics. Soil samples were collected from Oluku Community in Egor Local Government Area, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Heterotrophic bacteria were enumerated and screened for PS degradation potential. Plastics degrading potential of the isolates was determined by Shake Flask method, degradation of PS plastics was determined by analyzing the formulated PS...
Aflatoxins B1 contamination levels in maize and awareness of aflatoxins among main maize stakeholders in Chemba and Kondoa Districts, Tanzania
June 2022
Maize (Zea mays) is the staple food for the majority of people in Tanzania which plays a key role in subsistence and a cash crop among actors of the maize value chain. Environmental factors such as soil contamination by fungi, water stress, warm and humid conditions are among several factors contributing to fungal growth and aflatoxins contamination in maize, leading to significant economic loss, reduced household...
Resistance profile of Staphylococcus strains and detection of the Mec A, Van A and Van B genes in private hospitals in Benin
May 2022
The present study aims to identify the emergence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus resistant to vancomycin and to investigate the presence of Mec A, Van A and Van B genes among Staphylococcus strains isolated from hospital environment. For each type of sample, surface of beds, recyclable material, boxes of rodar, floor and door slats, 53 samples were taken. So, a...
Bacterial contamination and risk factors associated with naira notes circulating in Polytechnic Campus, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria
May 2022
The abused Nigerian currency became an issue of concern recently, when the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) launched a nationwide enlightenment campaign aimed at educating the public on the proper handling of Naira notes. The study investigated the current bacterial contamination of Nigerian currency notes as well as the risk factors associated with it in Polytechnic Community Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria. A total of 32 samples of...
Comparative study of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa
May 2022
A comparative study was carried out to determine the phytochemical components and Euphorbia heterophylla antibacterial activity as well as Vitellaria paradoxaleaf crude extracts on four enteric organisms, namely: Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella Typhi, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli. The clinical isolates of the enteric organisms were subjected to test of antimicrobial susceptibility using technique of agar...
Identification of Basidiobolus species from the common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus) and their association with isolates from human basidiobolomycosis
May 2022
The genus Basidiobolus contains large groups of terrestrial fungi including the etiological agents of human gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB). This study aimed to identify Basidiobolus species from the common house gecko and to compare them with human GIB isolates. Gecko and human GIB samples were collected from Muhayil Aseer area, south Saudi Arabia (2017-2019). Isolation of fungi from the gut contents of...
Prevalence and multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli in urinary tract infection cases of HIV patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
May 2022
The study determined the frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-PEc) in HIV-infected individuals with urinary tract infections (UTIs) attending Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA II), and the responses of these bacterial pathogens to colistin, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and ertapenem. Exactly 200 urine samples (mid-stream) were collected from...
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