January 2020
Efficacy of two diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious bursal disease viruses in chicken from different types of bursal samples
Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is an economically important irreversible immunosuppressive disease of young birds. The present study was designed to confirm the efficacy of two common diagnostic tests for the detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) from the three types of bursal samples collected from a recent outbreak in layer and broiler chickens of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. This study compared the...
January 2020
Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities
Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities of a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil, was assessed. Samples of Lactuca sativa, L., Coriandrum sativum and Solanum lycopersicum, soil, and irrigation water were analyzed between August and October, 2015. Total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli, molds and yeasts on vegetables, soil and water, heterotrophic...
January 2020
Studies on optimization of L-glutaminase production under submerged fermentation from marine Bacillus subtilis JK-79
In the current study, a marine strain Bacillus subtilis JK-79 capable of producing L-glutaminase enzyme, was analyzed for maximal L-glutaminase production. The Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was applied to determine the significant variables. Optimum conditions of the significant variables on L-glutaminase production were determined by the Central Composite Design (CCD) of response surface methodology. Maximum...
December 2019
Assessment of bacteriological quality of water sources from an agrarian settlement in South-East Nigeria
This study assessed the bacteriological quality of groundwater, rainwater and surface water sourced from an agrarian settlement in South-eastern Nigeria. Agamede, Amede, Ihenyi, Mgbuji and Umuhu communities in Eha-Amufu served as sampling locations. Samples were sourced from River Ebenyi, hand-dug wells and rooftop harvested rainwater. Bacterial isolation, identification and enumeration followed standard methods....
December 2019
Evaluation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented mustards in lowering hypercholesterol by using bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity and bile salt de-conjugation
This work evaluates lactic acid bacteria (LAB) obtained from fermented mustards for lowering cholesterol. The LAB strains’ ability to reduce cholesterol in vitro was determined using activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and deconjugation of bile salt in vitro. The LAB strains were examined for their ability to resist acid and bile salt. Strains that can reduce cholesterol adhere to Caco-2 cells and they were...
December 2019
Foodborne toxinfections caused by virus: Characteristics of the main viruses, prevention, treatment and clinical method of laboratory diagnosis by RT-qPCR
Foodborne viruses were recognized among the top-rated food safety priorities and have become a greater concern to the food industry over the past few years. Food safety experts agreed that control measures for viruses throughout the food chain are required. This manuscript provides a description of foodborne viruses (Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, and Poliovirus) and their...
December 2019
Virulence characteristics and phylogenetic background of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis from abattoir, poultry and clinical origin in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Enterococcus faecalis is a major cause of nosocomial infection in human and severe extra-intestinal infections in animals. Enterococcus spp possesses the ability to acquire and spread genes linked with antimicrobial resistance which makes them an important nosocomial pathogen. This study aims to determine the distribution of antibiotic resistance and virulence genotype of Enterococcus faecalis in animal, poultry and...
December 2019
Evaluation of three commercialized rapid point-of-care tests for detection of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in Burkina Faso
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of commercially rapid point-of-care (POC) tests used for HCV antibodies detection. This is a case-control study conducted in Ouagadougou between December 2014 and January 2015. Three POC for HCV antibodies detection (SD Bioline HCV test®, Anti-HCV dipstick® and First response® HCV card test) marketed in Burkina Faso were evaluated. Architect...
November 2019
Heat shock impact on the growth of Bacillus spp. (SUBB01) and its surveillance in minimal medium under shaking condition
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins that are produced by all living organisms in response to exposure to stressful condition. The present research aims to study the physiology of Bacillus spp. (SUBB01) under aeration in diverse culture media and temperature at 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53 and 54°C. Bacterial growth was measured through enumeration of the viable and culturable growing cells that...
November 2019
Passive surveillance of clinical poultry diseases in an Upazila Government Veterinary Hospital of Bangladesh
The present study is aimed at investigating clinical poultry diseases in an Upazila Government Veterinary Hospital of Bangladesh through passive surveillance and to know the frequency distribution of antimicrobial drugs prescription pattern. The study was conducted in Ramu Upazila Government Veterinary Hospital under Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh from February to March, 2016. A total of 180 cases including 73...
November 2019
Assessment of bacterial contamination and milk handling practices along the raw milk market chain in the north-western region of Rwanda
This study was conducted to assess raw milk bacterial loads and micro-organisms associated with milk handling practices and raw milk chain in the North-western region of Rwanda. A multistage sampling method was used to collect sixty-seven raw milk samples that were analyzed for milk quality at four stages of the raw milk chain: dairy farmers, milk hawkers, milk collection centres (MCC) and milk kiosks. Total bacterial...
November 2019
The bacterial diversity in infected tissue pus of an East Asian finless porpoise
Two East Asian finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri) in Ningbo, East China Sea, China, were observed to be bacterially infected between the fat layer and muscle layer. The microbial communities in pus samples were identified by metagenome sequencing 16S in the PacBio platform and explored the relationship between emaciation and bacterial infection. The present paper was the first report on bacterial...
November 2019
Assessment of drugs pressure on Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. uropathogens in patients attending Abobo-Avocatier Hospital, North of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)
The problem of antibiotic resistance of uropathogens appears in Abobo municipality to be worsening because of the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. This study aims to assess the impact of drugs pressure on uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from patients attending Abobo-Avocatier Hospital. The study was conducted in patients suffering from urinary tract infection. Urine samples of...
November 2019
Antimicrobial activity of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with Datura stramonium (Jimson weed) plant leaf extracts
Functional finishes are agents that are applied to fabrics to make them suitable for specific uses and contribute a specific attribute to a fabric without altering its appearance. In this context, the present study reveals the importance of dyed fabrics with Datura stramonium plant leaf extracts to control antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which have been a threat to human health and posed noticeable challenges...
November 2019
Screening of fungal contaminants in banana tissue cultures in Jkuat, Kenya
Tissue culture is prone to high costs of production arising from losses incurred from fungal contamination. The aim of the study was to characterise fungal contaminants and elucidate the exhibited mode of resistance to most preferred sterilants. Twenty nine fungal samples were collected at the different stages of tissue culture growth, using purposive sampling technique. Morphology results were confirmed by...
November 2019
Utilization potential of quality protein maize in spiced ogi
The high incidence of protein energy malnutrition among children under 5 years in Nigeria informed this study. Quality protein maize (QPM) produces more lysine and tryptophan than most modern varieties of maize. It has been reported to be economically superior to traditional maize. This research focuses on QPM ogi fortified with indigenous food spices in order to improve its health benefits and organoleptic properties....
October 2019
Qualitative assessment of Uvaria chamae (bush banana) crude extracts against wound isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis alongside resistance and plasmid profiles determination of the isolates
Uvaria chamae is a plant used traditionally in treatment of wounds and other ailments. This work was conducted on qualitative assessment of crude extracts of U. chamae against wound isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis, determining the resistance and plasmid profiles of the isolates. Standard techniques were employed in crude extraction of roots and leaves of the plant followed by...
October 2019
Effect of abattoir wastes on stream quality in the Bolgatanga municipality, Ghana-west Africa
This research was undertaken to determine abattoir wastes effect on the stream quality along Kollaa stream in Sawaba area of Bolgatanga municipality. The study also determined the microbiological quality and some physicochemical parameters of the stream that takes delivery of untreated waste from the abattoir and the extent of pollution through discharge of waste from abattoir sites into stream water. Three water...
October 2019
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of extended spectrum beta-Lactamase-producing Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from urine samples of patients visiting private laboratories in Abakaliki Metropolis
Studies have shown that Klebsiella oxytoca is a major cause of infections in humans. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. oxytoca from urine samples of patients visiting private laboratories in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. A total of 150 mid-steam urine samples of patients visiting three main private laboratories in...
October 2019
Probiotics Lactobacillus strains: A promising alternative therapy against to biofilm-forming enteropathogenic bacteria?
Biofilms formation stands out in context of persistent intestinal infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae, which are associated with a high resistance to antimicrobial agents’ and phagocytosis by host defense cells. Hence, understanding the mechanisms involved in this process becomes major for the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies. Lactic acid bacteria, including species of the genus...
October 2019
Prevalence of HEV markers among healthy and patients with hepatitis B and C in Upper Egypt
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has a worldwide distribution and represents an important cause of acute hepatitis. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of HEV infection, and risk factors associated with this infection in healthy individual and patients with hepatitis B and C in Upper Egypt. Samples were collected from different governorates (Luxor, Assuit, Aswan and Sohag governorates) in Upper Egypt. Serum...
October 2019
Diketopiperazine alkaloids produced by the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum and evaluation of their antileishmanial activity
Chromatographic fractionation of the antileishmanial extract obtained from fermentation of the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum, isolated from leaves of Ageratum myriadenia, yielded three diketopiperazine alkaloids; cyclo(L-Pro-L-Leu) (1), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Phe) (2) and tryprostatin B (3). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with the literature....
October 2019
Impact of vessels on sediment transport and diversity in Lake Taihu, China
In shallow lakes, waves from different sources play a major role in sediment transport and the release of associated nutrients. This study was conducted to analyze the impacts of waves generated by wind or vessels, on nutrient concentrations and microbial diversity in China’s third largest lake, Taihu. The study area is fixed at 100 m length of sailing vessel and 10 m width from where water samples were collected,...
October 2019
Characterization of bacterial pathogens associated with milk microbiota in Egypt
Milk is a substantial source of nutrients needed by all humans across lifespan development. Given its nutritional composition, milk is considered a vehicle for various microbes including beneficial and pathogenic bacteria. In this study, 270 milk samples comprising raw cow and buffalo milk and pasteurized milk with different shelf-life durations were tested along with pasteurized organic milk for the presence of...
October 2019
Isolation and characterization of potential phosphate solubilizing bacteria in two regions of Senegal
Many soils of the inter-tropical regions are P-deficient because of their high fixing power and low P content. Rock phosphate resources used to produce the phosphate fertilizers are exhausted and chemical fertilizer are causing environmental degradation. This issue raised the question of sustainability of fertilization and subsequently has enhanced the interest in the use of microorganisms as biofertilizers. The aim of...
October 2019
High frequency of Torque Teno virus (TTV) among Egyptian hemodialysis patients
Very little reports are yet available for the infection rate of Torque Teno virus (TTV) among hemodialysis patients in Upper Egypt. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the frequency and the possible genotypes of TTV in chronic renal failure patients undergoing dialysis. This cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2016 and February 2017 in three haemodialysis units in Minia, Egypt. Blood samples were...
September 2019
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from Carissa carandas
This is the first report of endophytic fungi derived from Carissa carandas producing bioactive compounds in Thailand. The aims of this research were to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from endophytic fungi, identify the potential fungal isolates by phylogenetic analysis and analyze the composition of the potential crude extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The...
September 2019
Predisposing factors and cost Implications of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients attending federal medical centre Makurdi, Nigeria
The predisposing factors and the cost implications of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in patients attending Federal Medical Centre, Benue State, Makurdi, was investigated. Information on socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the patients was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The female had a higher (56.5%) number of TB patients than the male (43.5%). Most of the TB patients were married (52%). A larger...
September 2019
Prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis infections among school children in Danane, Western Côte D’Ivoire
Intestinal schistosomiasis is very common in children and cause significant morbidity. Danané is located in the west of the Côte d’Ivoire which is an area where intestinal schistosomiasis transmission is established. The Ministry of Health of Côte d'Ivoire which have acceded to the global goal of eliminating these diseases as a public health problem, has adopted a five year strategic plan in...
September 2019
Construction of a genetically engineered strain of nattokinase and assessment of its fibrinolytic activity
A strain of Bacillus natto was isolated from natto and found to have a high yield of nattokinase. The aprN and pro-aprN gene fragments, encoding nattokinase from Bacillus natto, were amplified using two pair of primers and were expressed in Bacillus subtilis WB800N host cells using the pHT43 plasmid as a vector. In this system, the effect of leader peptides on nattokinase activity, revealing that these leader peptides...
September 2019
Evaluation of inactivated vaccine against fowl cholera developed from local isolates of Pasteurella multocida in Ethiopia
Fowl cholera caused by Pasteurella multocida is among the serious infectious diseases of poultry in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to develop a vaccine from local strains of P. multocida and evaluate its performance. Inactivated vaccine was prepared following the OIE standards in three adjuvant formulations (oil, alum and gel). The performance of the different formulations was evaluated at different dose rates (0.5...
September 2019
Molecular characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii from patients with prolonged hospital stays in three tertiary hospitals of Kano Metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important opportunistic bacterial pathogens that cause serious health care associated complications in hospitalized patients. This leads to prolong hospital stay which increase cost to both healthcare provider and family of the patients. The study aimed at molecular characterisation of A. baumannii from patients with prolonged hospital stays in three tertiary hospitals of Kano...
September 2019
Region of acquisition of urinary tract infection (UTI) may be an important parameter while treating UTI cases
The study recently published on urinary tract infection (UTI) cases at Najran University Hospital, Najran region of Saudi Arabia (Alshabi et al., 2019), though small, only on 19 cases, have been concluded beautifully, “regional clinical data regarding the prevalence and efficacy of antibiotics should be taken into consideration along with the treatment guidelines”. The authors reported a study on only 19...
August 2019
Prevalence of urinary tract infection and antibiotic resistance pattern in pregnant women, Najran region, Saudi Arabia
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infectious disease in pregnancy, and in pregnancy we have very limited number of antibiotics to treat the UTI. This study was conducted on 151 patients who attended the gynecology clinic during the study period. Nineteen UTI proven cases of UTI were studied for prevalence of microorganism and sensitivity pattern against different antibiotics. Among the bacteria...
August 2019
Detection of multidrug-resistant enterobacteria simultaneously producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases of the PER and GES types isolated at Saint Camille Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Resistance to a wide variety of common antibiotics is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. These produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among Gram-negative bacilli. The purpose of...
August 2019
Anti-dermatophytic activity of hexane extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Dermatophytes cause superficial fungal infections that pose public health problem to man and animals. Long term treatment with antifungal agents is required to control these infections. Various parts of Azadirachta indica are claimed to have significant medicinal value in treatment of infections especially ringworm. To determine the antifungal activity of the oil and fractions against dermatophytes isolated from...
August 2019
Optimisation of biological wastewater treatment for yeast processing effluent using cultured bacteria: Application of response surface methodology
In the present study, the interactive effects of temperature and cultured bacteria on the performance of a biological treatment system of wastewater from a local yeast producing plant were investigated. The main objective of this study was to optimize the operating parameters that reduce organic load and colour. Biological treatment was conducted using a Central Composite Design (CCD) and optimised using Response...
August 2019
Chemical analysis of the biomass of a native strain of Spirulina subsalsa Oersted ex Gomont 1892 (Spirulinaceae) cultivated in low-cost saline medium
Spirulina subsalsa, a filamentous cyanobacterium, was first described by Gomont in 1892. This microorganism has been subject to biotechnological evaluations, due to their high content of proteins and pigments. The objective of this study was to analyze the biochemical composition of the biomass of a native strain of S. subsalsa cultivated in low-cost saline medium and harvested in the exponential and stationary phases...
August 2019
Antibiotic resistant phenotypes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from fresh and fermented milk in parts of Nasarawa State, Nigeria
This work was aimed at determining the occurrence and antibiogram of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from fresh and fermented milk samples in parts of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A total of 180 samples comprising of fresh raw milk, bulk milk, nono, and kindirmo were collected over a period of 6 months (May to October, 2017). Standard microbiological procedures were employed in the isolation, identification,...
August 2019
Antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolates recovered from diarrheic patients at Selam Health Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Antimicrobials have been playing an important role in preventing illness and death associated with infections due to bacteria. However, the emergence and spread of resistance by pathogens have decreased the effectiveness of the commonly prescribed antimicrobials. Intestinal Escherichia coli are among bacterial pathogens that are endowed with such resistance traits because they are important source and reservoir of genes...
July 2019
Detection of tetracycline resistant E. coli and Salmonella spp. in sewage, river, pond and swimming pool in Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistance genes in the environment are major health problem globally. The present study was undertaken to detect antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in sewage, river, pond and swimming pool. Emphasis was given on tetracycline resistant phenotype and genotype, since, tetracycline is a widely used antibiotics. Isolation and identification of antibiotic resistant E....
July 2019
Detection of mutations in ampC promoter/attenuator gene in Escherichia coli from dairy cows in Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso, Brazil
Escherichia coli present the ampC naturally, and the observation of phenotypical resistance to cefoxitin is related to this gene deregulation. Mutations in the regulatory region in ampC cause exaggerated expression. The most frequent alterations in the E. coli AmpC promoter/attenuator leading to this overexpression is described at the positions: -88, -82, -42, -18, -1 and +58. Mastitis studies were carried in Rio de...
July 2019
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. in the nasal cavity of dental surgeon’s professors
The aim of the study is to investigate the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. nasal colonization among dental surgeon professors. Dental surgeon professors of a Higher Education Institution (HEI) responded to a questionnaire covering sociodemographic, employment and behavioral data, and were subjected to clinical specimen collection by nasal swab. Identification and susceptibility testing of bacteria were...
July 2019
Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance among lactose non-fermenting nterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry sources in Calabar, Nigeria
This study investigated the co-carriage of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing lactose non-fermenting (LNF) Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry birds. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between September, 2016 and March, 2017. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns....
June 2019
Microbial community structure in confluence region of Huang, Wei and Luo rivers in Guanzhong plain in central China
To investigating microbial abundance and community in confluence region of Huang, Wei and Luo rivers in Guanzhong plain in central China, plates culture were used to visualize quantity of soil microorganism colony, polymerase chain reaction and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to detect microorganism abundance and community. The results show that microorganism reduce in winter with the...
June 2019
Shiga toxigenic, enteroinvasive and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in fish from experimental fish farm (Layo), Côte d’Ivoire
The objective of this study was to know the sanitary quality of fish coming from Layo farm. Twenty fishes (Oreochromis niloticus), were selected in four ponds and Escherichia coli were isolated in gills and viscera according to microbiological methods. One hundred and twenty strains of E. coli were isolated, and their virulence was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Eleven (11) strains...
June 2019
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial effect of Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) E. A. Bruce leaves and roots on foodborne pathogens
Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) E. A. Bruce is a plant used traditionally to treat a wide range of infectious diseases, including foodborne ones. This study aimed to compare its roots and leaves extract antibacterial effects in vitro. Thus, these organs were collected, dried and powdered for the extractions and phytochemical screening. Four extracts (water, ethyl-acetate, methanol and ethanol) were tested on ten...
June 2019
Airborne bacterial diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns in operating theatre and paediatric wards in Botswana hospitals
There is presently no information on the occurrence, abundance and diversity of airborne bacteria in Botswana hospitals. There is also growing concern in the global spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria that continue to emerge and pose serious challenge to human health. This study was aimed at determining the occurrence, relative abundance and diversity of airborne bacterial species and their antibiotic resistance...
June 2019
Antibacterial, muscle relaxant, and hypnotic effects of seeds of Peganum harmala on mice
Peganum harmala seed extract has been frequently reported to possess antibacterial potential through in vivo studies. P. harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) is one of the most famous medicinal plants used in traditional medicine of Iraq. The harmaline, harmalol and harmine exerted many pharmacodynemic effects on the central nervous system: stimulation and depression depending on the dose. P. harmala indicates a great variety of...
May 2019
Antifungal susceptibility pattern and identification of Candida species in women of child-bearing age suffering from malaria, typhoid and diabetes in Nsukka, Nigeria
Candidiasis in women of child-bearing age is a major problem in most hospitals in Nigeria. High vaginal swabs were analyzed for Candida presence in women of child bearing age using Chromogenic agar. Isolated Candida spp. were analyzed phylogenetically to trace their evolutionary relatedness. Growth rate assay was done using Sabouruand and Dextrose medium supplemented with NaCl and glucose. The resistance pattern of the...
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