Antimicrobial effects of Rumex nepalensis and Echinop sphaerocephalus crude extracts on selected pathogenic bacteria
April 2023
In vitro anti-microbial activity of Rumex nepalensis (leaves and root) and Echinop sphaerocephalus (leaves) crude extracts was tested against some clinical isolates and standard pathogenic bacteria. The crude extracts were prepared by using water, methanol and acetone. The antimicrobial effects of extracts were explained in terms of MBC and MIC. Among the extracts tested, methanol extracts of R. nepalensis (leaves and...
Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella isolated from vegetables salads and ready to eat raw mixed vegetable salads in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
January 2022
Raw vegetables have been linked to many outbreaks of Salmonella foodborne; however there is few data on the presence of this bacteria in raw vegetables in Côte d'Ivoire. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence, diversity and antibiotic resistance level of Salmonella strains in vegetables salads and ready-to-eat raw mixed vegetable salads in Abidjan. From a total of 552 samples, Salmonella...
Prevalence and susceptibility to antibiotics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated from genital samples in Bangui, Central African Republic
January 2022
The frequency and antibiotic resistance of N. gonorrhoeae are increasing worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae in genital swabs. A collaborative cross-sectional study was conducted by a team of Microbiologist, Dermato-Venerologist and Occupational Physician in Bangui, from January 2015 to December 2018. Genital samples were stained by the Gram method, grown on blood agar and the...
In-vitro antibacterial activity of Pterolobium stellatum leaves extract against selected standard bacteria
January 2022
Traditional use of herbal medicines implies substantial historical use, and this is certainly true for many products that are available as ‘traditional herbal medicines. The experimental study was conducted between February and May, 2016 at University of Gondar on antibacterial effect of leaf extract of Pterolobium stellatum. The purpose of the present study was to test the antimicrobial effect of P. stellatum...
Goat carcass microbial investigation in Modjo Export Abattoirs, Ethiopia
September 2021
The study was conducted to investigate microbiological quality of goat carcass in the Ethiopian export abattoirs, located in Modjo from January to April, 2017. Swabbed samples of 180 were collected from three abattoirs: 144 were from 12 carcass of three anatomical sites (thorax, hind and foreleg), 24 employees' hands and apron, and 12 carcass washing water to determine coliform counts (CFU), Escherichia coli and...
Microbiological profile of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in Volta Region, Ghana
September 2021
Asymptomatic bacteriuria can lead to urinary tract infections in as many as 20% of pregnant women. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy can also lead to preterm births and low birth weights. The objective of this study was to profile uro-pathogens and describe the population-based prevalence, the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, and ascertain the risk factors for asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women...
Assessment of microbiological quality of khebab sold on the campus of a tertiary education and its environs in Ghana
September 2021
Prevalence and incidence of foodborne illness in developing countries has risen in recent times as a result of increased demand for Ready-To- Eat (RTE) foods. The current study assessed the microbiological quality of khebab sold at selected areas within the Kumasi metropolis. A total of 36 khebab samples were purchased and analyzed for Total Viable Count (TVC), Total Coliforms Count (TCC) and Thermotolerant Coliforms...
Pathogenicity, epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholera strains in some West African Countries: A Systematic Review
January 2021
Cholera is an epidemic disease and a real public health problem throughout the world, particularly in West Africa. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenicity, epidemiology and Vibrio cholerae strains’s antibiotics resistance in West Africa. A literature review was conducted online in English using the keywords “Cholera”, “Vibrio cholerae” “West Africa”,...
Prevalence of integrons in Enterobacteriaceae obtained from clinical samples
January 2021
Multi-drug resistant bacteria are a public health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. This increasing drug resistance has been linked to gene exchange between bacteria. Integrons are gene exchange systems and are known to play a significant role in the acquisition and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes especially in Gram negative bacteria. Hence, this study aims to evaluate...
Antimicrobial activity of crude extract from Millettia ferruginea leaves and barks against selected bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans
August 2020
The progressive increase in antimicrobial resistance was the major attribute among human pathogens that has given rise to the need to investigate other sources of therapy from various sources such as medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of crude extract of leaves and bark of Millettia ferruginea against human pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella boydii) and...
The functional stability, bioactivity and safety profile of synthetic antimicrobial peptide SAAP-148
August 2020
The synthetic antimicrobial peptide SAAP-148 was found to be effective against a wide range of (antimicrobial-resistant) gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in vitro and in a superficial skin infection model in mice, but not a surgical wound infection model in rats. In addition, the efficacy of SAAP-148 in protein-rich environments such as blood plasma and eschar extract is considerably reduced as compared to PBS....
MALDI-TOF MS identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida strains isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis by the AST-YS08® Card with Vitek 2® in Dakar, Senegal
August 2020
The objective of this study is to determine the susceptibility profile of different Candida strains isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis and identified by MALDI-TOF MS, using the AST-YS08 Card with Vitek 2. The AST-YS08 card with Vitek 2 was used to test the antifungal susceptibility of 38 clinical isolates of Candida recovered from vulvovaginal swabs throughout the period 2017 to 2018. The study included Candida...
Biological control of black pod disease of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. in vitro and in the field
August 2020
Phytopathogenic fungi, Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora megakarya continue to be a major threat to cocoa production worldwide. To counter these drawbacks, producers rely heavily on agrochemicals leading to pathogen resistance and environmental hazards. There is also increasing demand by cocoa consumers for pesticide-free seeds. Therefore, biological control through the use of natural microbial antagonists is more...
Prevalence, susceptibility testing and multi drug resistance risk factors to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nasal carriage of hospitalized patients and medical staff in selected hospitals in Cameroon
August 2020
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major hospital acquired pathogen. In Cameroon, there is limited data on nasal carriage of MRSA and its antibiotic susceptibility testing and risk factors for multi resistance to antibiotics in hospitalized patients and medical staff . A prospective, qualitative, cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out. Anterior nasal swabs were taken from 579...
Bactericidal activities of the leaf extract of Spondias mombin L. plant used for culinary and therapeutically purposes in Ivory Coast
January 2020
The leaves of Spondias mombin L. consumed as infusion in Ivory Coast are used to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea. In this study, the leaves’ extract, after purification by the ethyl acetate method, was evaluated for its effect on growth and cell viability of two Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC25051) and four Gram negative bacteria...
Assessment of the microbial quality of seafood and effects of salt concentration and temperature on isolated microorganisms
January 2020
Seafood is part of a healthful diet, but seafood consumption is not risk-free because of sea contaminations by anthropogenic activities and environmental factors. Their microbiological quality is of major concern to the food processors, consumers and public health authorities hence the need for proper assessment of the microbial quality. This study therefore characterizes pathogenic microorganisms isolated from fresh...
Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in fresh milk and milk products in Nasarawa State, North-Central Nigeria
January 2020
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) keeps emerging as a pathogen of significant public health concern. In this study, the occurrence and antibiogram of MRSA from fresh milk and milk products sold in Nasarawa State, north-central Nigeria, were determined. A total of 180 samples comprising of fresh milk, bulk milk, nono and kindirmo were collected and examined for the presence of antibiotic-resistant...
Detection of antibiotic resistant bacteria and sterol concentration in hand dug wells cited near pit latrine in Southwestern Nigeria
July 2019
Provision of safe water and improvement in sanitation has led to a reduction in occurrence of diseases, especially water borne diseases but citing of pit latrine near these wells can be of health concern. Assessment of microbiological quality, feacal sterol concentration and antibiotic resistant pattern of isolated bacteria from hand dug well in Oko, Nigeria were carried out during dry and rainy seasons using standard...
Antimicrobial resistance pattern in Salmonella enterica from clinical and poultry sources in Calabar, Nigeria
July 2019
Limited treated options to Salmonellosis exist due to the emergence of extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs). This study determined the prevalence of common ESBL genes (blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaOXA) and profiled their antimicrobial resistance drug pattern. A descriptive cross-sectional study that involved 16 Salmonella enterica isolates from diarrhoeic children at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and 39...
Determinants of antimicrobial use in diarrhoea management among under-five children in Zomba, Malawi
July 2019
Diarrhoea is one of the most common infections that under-five children suffer from across the world. Antibiotics remains one of the common measures used to treat the infection, which has led to increased usage; nevertheless, the extent to which an individual is prompted to use antibiotics in managing diarrhoea in the Malawian setting is not clearly known. This study was aimed at establishing the factors that prompt...
Plasmid curing of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolates from urine and stool samples
June 2019
The origin of bacteria resistance to antibiotics can either be chromosomal or extra-chromosomal (plasmid mediated) and one way of determining the origin of bacterial drug resistance is by plasmid elimination. In this study, the antibiotic susceptibility of seven Escherichia coli isolates (numbered 1-7) from urine and stool samples, were assessed using the disk diffusion method. The 10 antibiotics used were:...
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates on Acacia ataxacantha leaves
June 2018
Acacia ataxacanta leaves were screened for possible constituents, and the antimicrobial properties of the leaves were tested against 18 isolates of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The leaves were aseptically collected and crude extracts were prepared by cold maceration in 98% methanol. Phytochemical analysis for bioactive constituents revealed that it contained carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins,...
Antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from hatcheries and selected fish farms in the Ashanti region of Ghana
August 2017
Antibiotic resistance has become an increasingly global health problem. This has resulted in a limited number of antibiotics being effective in the treatment of various infections. Antibiotic resistant organisms have been isolated from fish ponds in various studies in different parts of the world. This study was carried out to assess some fish farming practices among catfish and tilapia farmers which may contribute to...
Elevated temperature induced resistance markers’ reduction of some selected clinical bacterial pathogens
July 2017
Axenic cultures of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus obtained from the Medical Microbiology Laboratory of the Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, were inoculated into ten-fold serial dilutions of 10-1 to 10-7 in sterile Nutrient broth and incubated in water bath at 37°C for 18 h initially. The turbid broth cultures of 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 dilutions were subcultured...
Microbiological quality and safety of street vended meat sauce in Bahir Dar Town
February 2017
Street vended foods are readily available sources of meals for many people across the world, the microbial quality and safety of such food is always uncertain. In developing countries, the major sources of food-borne illnesses are street vended foods because they provide a source of affordable nutrients to the majority of the low income groups. The aim of this study was thus to assess the microbiological quality and...
Potential pharmacological applications of enzymes associated with bacterial metabolism of aromatic compounds
January 2017
Many purple anoxygenic bacteria contribute significantly to the catabolic and anabolic processes in the oxic/anoxic zones of several ecosystems. However, these bacteria are incapable of degrading the benzenoid ring during the biotransformation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The key enzymes in the aromatic amin acids metabolism of purple bacteria include 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine minotransferase (EC 2.6.1.49),...
Antimicrobial analysis of copaiba oil extract from Passiflora cincinnata and endodontic substances
December 2016
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of copaiba oil, extracts of Passiflora cincinnata and substances commonly used against endodontic infections of bacterial strains certified by the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and against clinical isolates (CI). The methodology involved the preparation of crude extracts of the plants, the selection of...
Phytochemical and antibacterial investigations of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract on selected bacterial pathogens
July 2016
This study aimed at evaluating the health benefits of popular Moringa oleifera leaf. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of the leaf at two different concentrations (1:1 and 1:2) was used to determine the phytochemical screening and its antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphlococcus aureus were used in this study, applying agar diffusion methods. The phytochemical screening indicated...
Phytochemical screening and antifungal activities of crude ethanol extracts of red-flowered silk cotton tree (Bombax buonopozense) and Calabash nutmeg (Monodora myristica) on Candida albicans
May 2016
The study was to determine the phytochemical compounds and antifungal activity of the extracts of the leaves, root, bark and seeds of Calabash nutmeg (Monodora myristica) and red-flowered silk cotton tree (Bombax buonopozense). The phytochemicals were extracted and analyzed using standard methods and the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extracts determined with clinical isolates of Candida albicans using the well...
Antimicrobial compounds produced by Enterococcus spp. isolates from fecal samples of wild South American fur seals
April 2016
The aims of this study were to identify bacteriocinogenic activity in 13 enterococci isolated from fecal samples of wild South American (Arctocephalus australis) and Subantarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus tropicalis); to determine the physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial spectrum of antimicrobial compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; and to evaluate the presence of bacteriocin...
Antimicrobial activity of Bacillus cereus: Isolation, identification and the effect of carbon and nitrogen source on its antagonistic activity
February 2016
The present study is concerned with the taxonomy and influences of some cultural conditions on growth and antimicrobial metabolite production of a strain of Bacillus cereus, isolated from Alba’qa, Jordan, and designated NBS1, which is a highly active against a variety of Gram positive bacteria, and less activity was noted against filamentous fungi and yeasts, whereas no activity was detected against tested Gram...
Bacterial load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates in operating rooms at Hawassa University Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia
January 2016
Microbial contamination of air in the operating theatre (OT) is considered to be a risk factor for surgical site infections (SSI) and quality of air can be considered as a mirror of the hygienic condition of these rooms. This study intended to determine the bacterial load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates in OT indoor air of Hawassa University Referral Hospital. A cross sectional study was conducted to...
Probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented sap of palm tree (Elaeis guineensis)
November 2015
The commonly used probiotics bacteria are lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from gastro intestinal tract. However, other LAB from exogenous origin having similar functional properties may also confer health benefit to the host. Palm wine has been described as a rich source of LAB. But very few studies have investigated their probiotic potential. Twenty LAB were isolated from palm wine collected in the South West Region of...
Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of the fruit pulp of Dialium guineense (Velvet Tamarind) on some microbial isolates
August 2015
The antimicrobial activities of the aqueous, ethanol and n-hexane fruit pulp extracts of Dialium guineense were evaluated against clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans using the agar well diffusion technique. The results reveal that the crude aqueous and ethanol extracts possess antimicrobial activities on the...
In vitro evaluation of virulence factors of Candida species isolated from oral cavity
March 2015
The yeast Candida is a normal flora of the skin and the mucous membrane and it then becomes pathogen in immunocompromised people. Various virulence factors are contributing to establishment of the infection in the host. Adherence of the pathogen to host tissues, yeast-hyphal transition and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes secretion are important virulence factors of Candida species. These hydrolytic enzymes play...
Identification and genotypic analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from pharyngitis and tonsillitis infected children in IBB city in Yemen
March 2015
Streptococcus pyogenes is beta-hemolytic bacterium that belongs to Lancefield serogroup A, also known as group A streptococci (GAS). GAS causes a wide variety of life threatening diseases including pharyngitis and tonsillitis disease. A total of 93 throat swab and 93 blood specimens were collected from pharyngitis and tonsillitis infected children in different schools in Almashana, IBB city in Yemen. All isolates were...
Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated and identified from salt marsh plant in Vellar Estuary
February 2015
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves and stems of Suaeda maritima and Suaeda monoica. Many endophytes were isolated by using potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. All the endophytic isolates were identified by using standard taxonomic keys and monographs. From a total of 16 isolates, nine potent strains were taken for further study. The fungal culture...
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens in patients reporting to a tertiary care facility in Peshawar, Pakistan
January 2015
This study was conducted to assess the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria in urinary isolates. The study was carried out in the clinical microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. The duration of study was 12 months, from July 2012 to June 2013. Mid-stream urine samples were collected in sterile containers. All samples for urine culture were examined. Samples...
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates from apparently healthy slaughtered goats at Dire Dawa municipal abattoir, Eastern Ethiopia
January 2015
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2014 on 249 apparently healthy slaughtered goats at the municipal abattoir of Dire Dawa to estimate the prevalence Salmonella spp. and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates. A total of 249 goat carcass swab samples were collected using a systematic random sampling technique and examined for the presence of Salmonella spp. Out of the...
Role of integrons in multi drug resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae
December 2014
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacterial pathogens has become a major public health concern. Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) production in the members of the family Enterobacteriaceae can confer resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins such as azetronam and penicillins. Integrons are genetic structures capable of capturing and excising gene cassettes, which usually encode...
Mathematical representation for effect of temperature on mycelial growth of Calocybe indicia
December 2014
Mushroom is characterized by having white sporophore, large sized fruiting bodies and delicious flavor. The temperature tolerance has been found to be high, with moderate protein content and good biological efficiency with long shelf life. There is mathematical model to describe mycelia growth on effect of temperature. The maximum mycelial growth rate (1.12 cm/day) at 30°C was observed in the strain Cl-7 at 8.0 pH...
Recent trend of aminoglycoside resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates in tertiary care hospital
August 2014
Aminoglycosides still play an important role in antistaphylococcal therapies, although emerging resistance amongst staphylococci is widespread. The objective of the present study was to know the percentage of aminoglycoside resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates. A total of 250 isolates of S. aureus were studied from different clinical specimens like blood, pus, wound swabs, sputum, ear swabs and body fluids....
Control of Fusarium wilt using biological agent Streptomyces sp.CPP-53 isolated from compost with plant growth promoting effect on tomato under greenhouse condition
August 2014
In the present investigation, four different composts were obtained from Supa Biotech (P) Ltd., Muketshwar and LRC, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, India. The highest actinomycetes community was obtained from CPP compost (67.18%), LRC (15.62%), CM (12.5 %) and VE (4.6%). A total of 48 actinomycetes isolated and examined, exhibited ability to degrade starch, solubilize phosphate, produce catalase and siderophores. Isolated...
Evaluation of antibacterial effects and phytochemical screening of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of Hibiscus diversifolius
July 2014
Hibiscus diversifolius which is widely distributed in Kenya was investigated for its antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. The leaves stem and root of the plant was extracted using aqueous and methanol as solvents. Phytochemical screening was also carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents present in the various parts of the...
Purification and characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis PD6.9
July 2014
In this study, a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis PD6.9 was purified, characterized and identified. The bacteriocin was purified to homogeneity from culture supernatant by cation exchange and reversed-phase liquid chromatography, and its molecular weight was determined by mass spectrometry. The presence of the nisin gene was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. The...
Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phone and hands of Health care workers in the Hawassa referral Hospital, South Ethiopia
June 2014
A swab of mobile phone and hands of health care workers (HCWs) were examined to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA), different antibiotic resistant pattern were determined in a cross-sectional study design. The objective of this study was to isolate S. aureus from samples of mobile phone and hands of HCWs from Hawassa Referral Hospital and to determine their antibiotic resistant patterns. A...
Yeasts in the mammary environment of the cattle in the region of Sidi M’hammed Ben Ali, Wilaya of Relizane, Algeria
June 2014
Mastitis is one of the principal pathologies in the dairy bovine exploitation. Most of the cases are caused by bacteria, but some are caused by fungi. The objective of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of these fungi in mammary glands of 39 cows (mastitic and clinically healthy cows) belonging to two farms (four exploitations using manual milking and three exploitations using milking...
Characterization of antifungal compounds produced by Pseudomonas stutzeri (EGB3) isolated from gut of earthworm (Eisenia foetida)
March 2014
Strain EGB3 was isolated from the gut of earthworm fed with sterile soil and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri on the basis of biochemical tests and by comparison of 16S rDNA sequences. This bacterium exhibits a broad-spectrum antifungal activity towards soil borne phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium moniliformae, Fusarium udum, Macrophomena phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani,...
Antibacterial activity of honey: A review of honey around the world
March 2014
Nectar is a natural product collected by bees from which honey is produced. Honey possesses antibacterial activity and is classified as peroxide and non-peroxide components. The contribution of these components is discussed briefly to ascertain their contribution to the antibacterial activity. Data of origin and floral sources of honey and antimicrobial activity against different bacteria species are summarized. It was...
Assessment of bacteriological contaminants of some vegetables irrigated with Awash River water in selected farms around Adama town, Ethiopia
February 2014
Food safety issues are of growing concern to consumers globally because of the risk associated with consumption of foods contaminated with pathogens in irrigated vegetables. The study was conducted to assess the extent of bacterial contamination of vegetables due to irrigation with polluted Awash River water. Three leafy vegetable samples, namely, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L....
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