Combining ability for beta-carotene and important quantitative traits in a cassava f1 population
February 2014
Cassava is ideal for biofortification due to its popularity as a root staple among populations with high vitamin A malnutrition. The crop is vegetatively propagated and retains the enhanced trait across generations. The combining ability for beta-carotene content and important yield trait was evaluated in a cassava F1 generation. Ten high beta-carotene clones from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture...
Evaluation of various fungicides and soil solarization practices for the management of common bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and seed yield and loss in Hararghe Highlands of Ethiopia
January 2014
The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of integrated management of bean anthracnose through soil solarization and various fungicides applications on epidemics of the disease and to determine the effect of integrated management of bean anthracnose on seed yield and loss of common bean variety Mexican-142. Field experiments were conducted at Haramaya and Hirna in 2010 main cropping season of Ethiopia. Soil...
Inheritance of stem diameter and its relationship to heat and drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
January 2014
Genetic control of stem diameter and other stem attributes of wheat in relation to yield components were analyzed in a 7- parent F1 diallel cross in favorable, drought and drought combined heat environments, as well as in 12 F2 populations under heat stress. Polygenes with mainly additive effects were involved in the control of stem diameter which segregated in normal distributions in the F2. The narrow-sense...
Farmer and consumer preferences for rice in the Ashanti region of Ghana: Implications for rice breeding in West Africa
December 2013
Rice has become an important staple in Ghana in recent years but most consumption is met by imports. In this study, farmers’ preferences for rice varietal traits especially grain quality and the relationship of grain quality with consumer acceptability of locally produced rice was investigated in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Both formal and informal survey approaches were employed to collect data. The farmers...
Effect of African rice gall midge on yield and its components on inter-specific rice progenies, using correlation and principal components as analysis tools
November 2013
Inter-specific rice progeny lines (Oryza glaberrima × Oryza sativa) were evaluated for African rice gall midge resistance at two locations in 2010 cropping season. The experiment was made of 16 rice progeny lines including the two parents; FARO52 and Tog 7442 and a known susceptible check FARO 37. The experiment was conducted in the lowland experimental fields of National Cereals Research Institute at Badeggi and...
Standardization of seed dormancy breaking treatment in Senna (Cassia auriculata)
November 2013
The study conducted to standardize the seed dormancy breaking treatment in senna (Cassia auriculata) revealed that soaking the seeds in hot water (boiled to 100°C and removed from the flame) for 15 min and soaking with 100 ppm GA3 for 3 h had effectively improved the germination (98%), root length (7.2 cm), shoot length (9.5 cm), dry matter production (0.258 g per ten seedlings) and vigour index (1637) compared to...
Studies on variability and heritability for different quantitative characters in fenugreek under different environments
November 2013
Thirty diverse genotypes of fenugreek were grown in six (E1 to E6) environments during the winter seasons at the Agriculture Farm of Visva-Bharati University, India. The estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients (GCV and PCV) variation in all the environments were moderate for plant height and test weight, and high for branch number, pod number, husk weight, stem weight and seed yield indicating little...
Performance of single cross quality protein maize hybrids evaluated at Samaru-northern guinea savanna zone of Nigeria
November 2013
Diallel mating design was used to generate fifteen single cross hybrids including fifteen reciprocals. The hybrids were evaluated together with their parents and thirteen checks at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savannah, of Nigeria in the years 2005 and 2006. The experimental design used was 7 x 7 incomplete lattice designs with three replications. There were significant differences between the various genotypes for all the...
GGE biplots to analyze soybean multi-environment yield trial data in north Western Ethiopia
November 2013
The study was undertaken with the objective to examine the nature and to quantify the magnitude of genotype x environment interaction effects on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain yield and to determine the winning genotype (s) for test environments in north western Ethiopia. The experiment was executed at four different locations of Ethiopia for two consecutive years (2007 and 2008) using thirty two genotypes...
Yield stability in common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Sudan
October 2013
Common bean is an important food legume crop in Sudan. Drought and heat stress are considered the main factors responsible for low productivity. Nine common bean genotypes were evaluated for yield stability under different sowing dates and watering regimes in three field experiments conducted in the River Nile State-Sudan during 2003 to 2006. 10 test- environments were thus achieved, representing the combined effect of...
Segregation analysis of cry7Aa1 gene in F1 progenies of transgenic and non-transgenic sweetpotato crosses
October 2013
Sweetpotato weevils are the most devastating pests of sweetpotato causing yield losses ranging from 60 to 100%. Their cryptic nature, where the larvae is found within plant tissues render them difficult to manage especially using chemicals control. Development of weevil resistant sweetpotato was conducted by crossing a transgenic event CIP410008.7 as a female parent with three Ugandan cultivars as male parents. Crossing...
Genotype X environment interaction of maize (Zea mays L.) across North Western Ethiopia
September 2013
A study was conducted at Northwestern Ethiopia, during 2010 main cropping season. Fifteen maize genotypes were evaluated at four locations that differ in soil type, altitude and mean annual rainfall. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Stability parameters that are useful tools for identification of genotypes with specific and wide...
Genotype x environment interaction and yield stability estimate of some sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] breeding lines in South Africa
September 2013
Genotype x environment interaction and yield stability was evaluated for root yield for 28 sweetpotato breeding lines in South Africa using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) stability parameter. Genotype x environment interactions showed the inconsistency of the performance of the breeding lines over environments and seasons. The analysis of...
Kernel quality and morphological traits of scented rice (cv. Super Basmati) in relation to irrigation and zinc application
September 2013
Two year field study was conducted at Adaptive Research Farms Sheikhupura and Sargodha with the objective to investigate the impact of irrigation water and zinc application on kernel quality and morphological traits of scented rice, and genotype Super Basmati was selected for this study. Results indicated that increasing applications of irrigation and zinc has positive...
Combining ability and mode of gene action in cassava for resistance to cassava green mite and cassava mealy bug in Malawi
September 2013
The need to develop new improved varieties resistant to cassava green mite (CGM) and cassava mealy bug (CMB) as well as high yielding varieties requires knowledge on the mode of gene action controlling the expression of resistant traits to these pests. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine combining abilities and mode of gene action for resistance to CGM and CMB by crossing cassava genotypes in a 7...
Integrated nutrient management in winter maize (Zea mays L.) sown at different dates
September 2013
A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2006 to 2007 and 2007 to 2008 to study the effect of sowing dates and integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of winter maize. The trial was laid out in split plot design with three replications, assigning total 27 treatment combinations i.e. three sowing dates (15 October, 25 October and 5 November) in main plots and three levels...
Genetic diversity of Cymbidium kanran detected by Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers
August 2013
Fifty-four Cymbidium kanran cultivars from China, Japan and South Korea were examined and analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers to determine their molecular diversity and relationships. In chloroplast (cp) PCR-RFLP analyses, genetic differences were revealed in 4 of 6 primer sets (66.67%) and 19...
Drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lamk.)improvement for semiarid and arid ecosystem: Analysis of environmental stability for yield
August 2013
Integrating yield and stability of genotypes tested in unpredictable environments is a common breeding objective. The importance of stability estimation has more values in perennial crops such as drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lamk), as it has occupied the area for many years. Drumstick is found both in annual and perennial forms, where the former type bears only edible pods...
Genetic variability and association among yield, yield related traits and oil content in Ethiopian garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) genotypes
July 2013
Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) is one of the aromatic plant species of Ethiopia containing edible oil with several medicinal implications. Grain yield and oil content of garden cress are usually low, depending on genetic variability and other important characters with these traits. Hence, the objectives of this study were to investigate genetic variability and...
Genotype by environment interactions for grain yield in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
July 2013
The combined ANOVA analysis for grain yield of ten wheat genotypes at 12 environments showed that bread wheat grain yield was significantly affected by environment, which explained 75.01% of the total treatment (genotype + environment + genotype by environment interactions) variation, whereas the G and GEI were significant and accounted for 9.48 and 15.5%, respectively. The...
Screening of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germpalsm against ascochyta blight [Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab.] correlation and combining ability analysis for various quantitative traits
June 2013
The present study was conducted to estimate correlation and combining ability analysis among quantitative traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during 2008 to 2010. Ten chickpea varieties/lines (08-AG-004, CH-70/02, CH-76/02,. Nine lines viz. AUG-27, M-98, 114, 115, 117, 781, 1049, 4025, and 5006 exhibited moderately NOOR-91, K-70005, K-70008, K-70022,...
Analysis of the resistance to Phytophthora pod rot within local selections of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) for breeding purpose in Cameroon
June 2013
The level of resistance against Phytophthora pod rot (PPR) was assessed among locally-selected accessions of cacao, the so-called selection of Nkoemvone (SNK), in Cameroon. The evaluation approaches have included four tests: Leaf disc inoculation (LDT); detached pod inoculation (DPT); artificial inoculation of pods and counting of successful infections (%SI); and...
Principal component analysis of morphological traits in thirty-nine accessions of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in a rainfed lowland ecology of Nigeria
June 2013
Field experiment was conducted at Edozhigi, National Cereal Research Institute experimental field, to assess the contribution of morphological traits to variability in some accessions of rice. The field was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty nine entries collected from farmer’s field and National Cereals Research Institute...
Intra row spacing effect on shelf life of onion varieties (Allium cepa L.) at Aksum, Northern Ethiopia
June 2013
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of intra-row spacing and, variety on yield and shelf life of onion. The study was conducted between August 2010 and April 2011 at Aksum area (Laelay Maichew District). Three different intra-row spacings (5, 7.5 and 10 cm) were evaluated using 4 varieties of onion (‘Adama’ Red,...
Floral habits and seed production characteristics in “Egusi†melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.)
June 2013
A research was carried out in the experimental farm of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka to study some aspects of floral, fruit and seed yield characteristic of accessions of “Egusi” melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.). It was observed that male flower anthesis occurred earlier than female flower anthesis. Male flowers opened between 30 to 32 days after seedling...
Seasonal incidence of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its associated natural enemies in major crucifer growing areas of Kenya
May 2013
Seasonal incidences of Plutella xylostella, diamondback moth (DBM) and its associated natural enemies were investigated in two agro-ecological zones of the major crucifer growing areas of Kenya in 2005 and 2006. DBM larvae and pupae were collected from the cabbage and kale crops grown in farmers’ field and maintained in the laboratory for the emergence of...
Nature of gene action for yield and yield components in exotic genotypes of Italian millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv]
May 2013
The present investigation was carried out with the objective to find out the extent of genetic variation, heritability and genetic advance for 13 characters in 34 exotic genotypes of Italian millet during Autumn 2008 and Spring 2009. High phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) coupled with high genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) were observed for grain yield per...
Genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis for yield and its components in lentil
May 2013
The objective of this investigation is to determine the performance and stability of 24 lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes under a wide range of variable environments. The regression model and ecovalence (Wi) were used to analyze the response of the lentil genotypes to variable environmental conditions for yield and some of its components in six experiments in three...
Agronomical evaluation of six soybean cultivars using correlation and regression analysis under different irrigation regime conditions
May 2013
Two field experiments were conducted during summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 to study the effect of irrigation regimes at different growth stages on seed, oil and protein yields of soybean cultivars. The interrelationships among seed yield ha-1 and its attributes through simple correlation and stepwise regression analysis were evaluated. The results indicated that the...
Selection of pepper parent from a collection of Capsicum annuum landraces based on genetic diversity
May 2013
Phenotypic divergence among eleven landraces belonging to a collection of Capsicum annuum species and maintained at the Faculty of Science, University of Tunis, was quantiï¬ed by multivariate analysis for seven morphological traits. The multivariate data set was analyzed by canonical discriminant analysis in combination with a clustering procedure using generalized...
Performance of nine cassava (Manihot esculanta Crantz) clones across three environments
April 2013
The study was carried out to quantify the genotype × environment interaction (G × E) and to estimate the phenotypic stability by genotype genotype × environment (GGE) biplot of nine cassava clones comprising 5 hybrids, 3 parent checks and 1 improved variety. The study was planted across three different environments; Fumesua, Pokuase and Ejura...
Yield parameters and stabilty of soybean [Glycine max. (L.) merril] as influenced by phosphorus fertilizer rates in two ultisols
April 2013
A field study was conducted for two years to assess the spatial and temporal effect of Phosphorus fertilizer on the yield, yield components and yield stability of five soybean genotypes in Umudike and Amakama in eastern Nigeria. The study was laid out as a split-plot in a randomized complete block with three replications. P rates of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg P/ha...
WAB-450: A valuable donor of earliness and productivity traits for rice breeding programme under rainfed upland ecosystem
April 2013
This study focused on evaluation of introgressed population for earliness in flowering and productivity under rainfed upland rice ecosystem. The population was derived from inter-varietal cross between early maturing Africa upland land rice WAB-450, an inter-specific derivative as donor and Swarna, a mega rice variety from India, as recurrent parent. One hundred and...
Heterosis and nature of gene action for yield and its components in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)
March 2013
Five Egyptian parental genotypes of Faba bean were used for carrying out half diallel design to study heterosis and nature of gene action for earliness, vegetative, yield and yield components traits. Mean squares of genotypes were found to be highly significant for all studied traits. The results showed that the majority of crosses exhibited significant heterosis estimates for better parent for all studied...
Combining abilities of maize inbred lines for grey leaf spot (GLS), grain yield and selected agronomic traits in Kenya
March 2013
The genetics of resistance to grey leaf spot (GLS) disease, grain yield and selected agronomic traits was studied in 42 F1 progenies from a full diallel cross among seven maize inbred lines. These 42 F1 progenies and seven parents were evaluated at three locations; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Kiboko, KARI Kakamega and University of Nairobi (Field station) during the period June...
Allelic data revealing interrelatedness in rice species (Oryza sativa, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza barthii) and the interspecific hybrids (NERICA)
February 2013
The current level of genome coverage provided by microsatellite markers in rice is sufficient for DNA fingerprinting, providing Information on diversity and population structure which is expected to assist plant breeders by providing a more rational basis for expanding the gene pool and for identifying material that harbours alleles of value for plant improvement. Allelic data from the species studied...
Salinity effect on plant growth at the seedling stage of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
February 2013
Soil salinity is a serious threat in many parts of the world in general and of Tunisia in particular, which negatively affects plant production. In this experiment, response of durum wheat to salinity in seven genotypes namely; four local cultivars (Azizi, Jenah Khotifa, Hmira and Swebâa Eljia), two improved varieties (Karim and Om Rabia) and an algerian cultivar (Oued Zeneti)] to salinity (0 and 100 mM...
Rapid and high-precision marker assisted backcrossing to introgress the SUB1 QTL into the Vietnamese elite rice variety
February 2013
Submergence stress regularly influences about 15 million hectares of rice growing areas in South and Southeast Asia. Vietnam is one of the most vulnerable countries affected by submergence stress in Asia. Submergence caused by typhoons and floods is one of the major reasons for rice production losses in this country. A majorquantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome...
Effect of different NaCl levels in nutrient solution on the Pennisetum spp. genotypes
January 2013
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of three NaCl levels in nutrient solution on initial development and regrowth of nine Pennisetum spp. genotypes. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions, using a completely randomized design, distributed in a 9 × 3 factorial arrangement [nine Pennisetum spp. genotypes (Cameroon,...
Combining ability and heterosis for aluminium stress tolerance of soybean roots and shoots grown in acid sand culture
January 2013
A six parent F2 diallel of soybeans was evaluated in potted acid sand culture with the objective of estimating combining ability and heterosis for aluminium stress tolerance. Highly significant differences were observed among the genotypes, crosses (F2/R), Parents, F2, Reciprocals (R) and Parents Vs (F2/R) for the root dry weight, shoot dry weight and relative root surface area. Both general combining...
DNA fingerprinting and estimation of genetic diversity among hybrid rice parental lines (Oryza sativa L.) using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers
December 2012
Molecular fingerprinting and genetic distance analysis of twelve commercial hybrid rice parental lines were carried out using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Out of hundred SSR markers screened, sixty two were found to be polymorphic. A total of 203 alleles were recorded as 0 to 1 data set (presence-1 and absence-0) with an average of 3.2 alleles per loci. Most of the primer sets generated fingerprint...
Molecular characterization of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) accessions from a gene pool: Application of gamma ray radiations
December 2012
Cultivated peanut or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) native to South America is an important source of oil and protein. Knowledge of genetic diversity within and among varieties in a crop is prerequisite to its improvement. In the present study, the level of genetic variability among groundnut accessions from a gene pool was analyzed using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The effect of...
High temperature combined with drought affect rainfed spring wheat and barley in south-eastern Russia: Yield, relative performance and heat susceptibility index
December 2012
Among all abiotic stresses, drought is undoubtedly the major factor, which, individually or combined with heat stress, limits crop productivity worldwide. Considering these facts, four spring barley and two spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under two stress (early and late) conditions in a southern arid region of Russia in order to identify suitable spring wheat and barley genotypes for that region and to...
Genetic variability and correlation studies in the fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.)
November 2012
Thirty-five genotypes of the fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) collected from seven states in Southern Nigeria were evaluated for ten agronomic characters. The results obtained showed considerable variation among the genotypes for all characters studied. Low level of environmental influence was observed in the expression of all the characters studied except number of branches per plant and internode...
Combining ability of maize inbred lines resistant to Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in the mid-altitude environment of Kenya
November 2012
Gene action conditioning important traits in maize is useful to breeders in order to design appropriate breeding methods. A study was conducted to determine the combining ability of 10 maize inbred lines adapted to Kenya’s mid-altitude environment and being resistant to spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus. The inbred lines were crossed in a diallel scheme and the resulting 45 single crosses...
Forage potentials of interspecific hybrids between elephant grass selections and cultivated pearl millet genotypes of Nigerian origin
June 2012
This study was conducted to highlight the forage potentials of related Pennisetumspecies through interspecific hybridization. Non-reciprocal crosses were made involving two selections of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) (♂), S.13 and S.15, and five cultivated pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) (♀) genotypes in...
Variation in carbon isotope ratio and its relation to other traits in peanut breeding lines and cultivars from U.S. trials
June 2012
Water availability across U.S. peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) producing areas is becoming threatened due to years of drought and competing urban demands. High water-use efficiency (WUE) has now become a priority in many peanut breeding programs. To support this effort, the variation in WUE, as measured by carbon isotope composition (d13C), of up to 19 cultivars was evaluated in Alabama, Georgia, Florida,...
Ethyle methane sulphonate (EMS) induced mutagenic attempts to create genetic variability in Basmati rice
April 2012
Chemical mutagens have long been used to create genetic variability in crop plants for breeding research and genetic studies. In rice, more than 500 varieties have been released through induced mutations. Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) is the most commonly used chemical mutagen in plants. EMS normally induces Gas chromatography GC to AT transitions in the genome and thus resulting protein in the...
Morphological and molecular characterization of six of the most frequently cultivated hard wheat varieties in Tunisia
April 2012
To effectively differentiate and characterize six of the most cultivated hard wheat (Triticum durum Desf) varieties in Tunisia, morphological and molecular markers were used. In the former approach, 10 qualitative characters were employed, as recommended by UPOV descriptors. Twelve of the 17 screened simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers showed clear polymorphic patterns following agarose and...
Scope for utilization of native specialty landraces, cultivars and basmati types in rice heterosis breeding
April 2012
Traditional landraces and basmati lines are useful pool of important traits and need to be analyzed for hybrid breeding utilization in rice. Furthermore, released cultivars have good agronomic characters which can be used directly in the hybrid breeding program. A study was conducted on 80 landraces, 5 basmati lines and 36 cultivars to characterize them, for fertility restoration traits and identification of...
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