March 2012
Chemistry, pharmacology and medicinal properties of Heracleum persicum Desf. Ex Fischer: A review
Heracleum persicum is known as Persian Hogweed. H. persicum extracts and essential oil are important areas in drug development with numerous pharmacological activities in the Middle East especially in Iran. For a long time H. persicum has been used in traditional medicines for the relief of flatulence, stomachs as well as flavoring, as a digestive and an antiseptic. H. persicum has...
March 2012
Review of the application of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Ranunculus sceleratus Linn.
Ranunculus sceleratus Linn. is a wetland plant and a widely used traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has been researched intensively. It has many pharmacological effects, such as antibiosis, antiphlogosis, and the relief of articular effusion. R. sceleratus also has water purifying effects because it can adsorb large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, decompose suspended organic particles, and...
March 2012
Ethanomedicinal trends in Indian tradition for treatment of vitiligo
Vitiligo is an acquired disorder of pigmentation, caused by decreased production of melanin as a result of dysfunction of melanocytes. The present work is collection of information regarding plants having potential in treatment in vitiligo, used in the traditional Indian system of medicine. The plants used are enlisted by their botanical name, families, parts used, chemical components, recommended doses and adverse...
March 2012
Enhancing yield and aloin concentration of Aloe vera plants by simultaneous application of N and benzyladenine
Aloe vera is extensively used as a base element in preparation of medicine, cosmetics and food supplements. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of different nitrogen (N) and Benzyladenine (BA) rates on the growth, yield and aloin concentration of A. veraplants. Treatments include four levels of N (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg pot-1) and four levels of Benzyladenine (0, 500, 1000 and...
March 2012
Thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the investigation of artemisinin production in Artemisia annua L. medicinal plant hairy roots
Artemisia annua L. is an important medicinal plant, which is used for the treatment of malaria. Artemisinin is the active secondary metabolite in this plant and it is a sesquiterpen. This plant was studied for artemisinin production in hairy root induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rolB gene confirmed the transformed hairy roots induced by A. rhizogenes. Then,...
March 2012
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity in species of a Portuguese “Montado†ecosystem against multidrug resistant pathogens
Forty polar and non polar extracts from six “Montado” species (Adenocarpus anisochilus., Erica lusitanica, Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri, Paeonia broteroi, Quercus fagineasubsp. broteroi and Rosmarinus officinalis) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a broad panel of microorganisms that include standard and resistant strains of...
March 2012
Pharmacological screening of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers., Calvatia gigantea (Batsch ex Pers.) Lloyd and Astraeus hygrometricus Pers., mushroom collected from South Waziristan (FATA.)
The mushrooms were screened for their antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity, six strains of bacteria viz. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC6633), Vibrio cholerae(ATCC6643), Escherichia coli (ATCC15224), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC618) andEnterobacter aerogenes (ATCC13048) were utilized as test organisms for determination of antibacterial activity....
March 2012
Psychostimulants activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts
We evaluate the psychostimulants activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (lamiaceae) on central nervous system. The effects of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of the stems and leaves of this plant were investigated in three behavioral models including, observation of animals in free situation, search of stereotypes movement in rats and interaction with thiopental in mouse. We observed...
March 2012
Anatomical description, alkaloid content and quality control of the bark of Pau-pereira (Geissospermum laeve, Apocynaceae)
Fifteen samples commercialized as Pau-pereira have been purchased from open-air fairs, herbal stores, newsstands, and Internet sites, and their anatomical features were compared with two reference samples of Geissospermum laeve, Apocynaceae. In addition, an analysis was carried out to track the presence of flavopereirine, an alkaloid described in G. laeve and other species of the genus, in both...
March 2012
Effect of planting date and plant density on morphological traits, yield and water use efficiency of Plantago ovate
In order to study the effect of planting date and plant density on morphological traits, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of Plantago ovata, an experiment was conducted as a split-plot based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at experimental field of Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch, Birjand, Iran in 2008. The main plot was planting dates (April 19, May 9 and May 30) and the...
March 2012
Cymbopogon citrates: A remedy to control selected Alternaria species
Alternaria species, ubiquitous post harvest pathogens, contribute to the spoilage of 20 to 40% of the agricultural output. Alternaria usually attacks aerial parts of its host and symptoms appear as small, circular, dark spots. Control of this pathogen has become an obligatory requirement. In the present study, two species of Alternaria (Alternaria alternata andAlternaria...
March 2012
Antioxidation and protection against H2O2 induced oxidative stress on normal human hepatocytes cell line (LO2) by extracts and three compounds from the root of Isatis Indigotica
The effect of Isatidis indigotica Fort (banlangen) extracts with its three typical compounds on antioxidation and oxidative stress damage induced in LO2 by hydrogen peroxide has been investigated. Their antioxidant activities were assessed by two complementary test systems, namely DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Among the tested samples, considerable...
March 2012
Antibacterial activity of clove, cinnamon, and datura extracts against Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica causative agent of black stem and soft rot on potato
This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity of clove (Eugenia caryophylata) hexane extract, cinnamon (Cinnamomum zelanicum), and datura (Datura metel) ethanol extracts against the phytopathogenic Erwinia carotovora subsp. atrosepticagrowth, causative agent of black stem and soft rot on potato, in both cultured media and on plants in pots under natural conditions. Concentrations of...
March 2012
Effect of exogenous silicon on germination and seedling establishment in Borago officinalis L.
Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is a valuable medicinal plant with a high content of gamma linolenic acid. Seed germination and early seedling growth are critical stages for plant establishment and production. One of the major problems in the field of plant cultivation and production of this plant is low and uniform seed germination. Thus in this experiment, the influences of exogenous silicon concentration during...
March 2012
Antioxidant activity of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) receptacles of eleven cultivars grown in China
Receptacles of 11 lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) cultivars [ShiLiHe 1 (L-1), Taikong 1 (L-2), GanLisn 62 (L-3), DaHongLian (L-4), Taikong 3 (L-5), JianXuan 17 (L-6), CunSanLian (L-7), JianLian (L-8), Taikong 36 (L-9), Zajiaolian 8236 (L-10) and Jianjibaihualian (L-11)] were analyzed for the contents of total phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin, and tested for antioxidant activity by some different assays....
March 2012
Fungal risk in commonly used traditional Chinese patent medicines
Fungal contamination of 27 commonly used Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines (TCPM) was investigated. Six (6) forms of prepared medicines including watered pills, honeyed pills, condensed pills, tablets, capsules and granules were chosen for fungal observation. Three (3) medicines, namely Trollius chinensis bunge capsules (TCBC), Yinqiao Jiedu watered pills (YJWP) and Fufang Danshen tablets (FDT) were contaminated, the...
March 2012
Biological activities of extract of Anthemis aetnensis Schouw: In vitro evaluation
Although Anthemis spp. are commonly used as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial agents, the exact mechanism of action is still unknown. We evaluated the antioxidant effect of Anthemis aetnensis by testing the free radical scavenging capacity and its effect on xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. In addition, the effect of the same extract on human leukocyte elastase activity was also evaluated. Flowers...
March 2012
Anticandidal effect of Syzygium aromaticum on biofilm formation, cell surface hydrophobicity, and cell cycle
Candida infections are frequently associated with biofilm formation occurring on the surfaces of host tissues and medical devices. Biofilms have been shown to display significantly increased levels of resistance to the conventional antifungal agents. Higher cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) is related with increased virulence of C. albicans due to stronger adherence to surfaces. Cloves, the aromatic dried...
March 2012
Monosaccharide compositional analysis of purified polysaccharide from Tricholoma matsutake by capillary gas chromatography
Two polysaccharide (MTS-1 and MTS-2) were isolated from the water extract of Tricholoma matsutake and purified through ethanol precipitation, deproteination, DEAE-52 cellulose anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 gel-filtration chromatography. Their molecular weight was determined using high performance liquid chromatography and gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and their monosaccharide composition was...
March 2012
Study on the application of intestinal absorption in vitro coupled with bioactivity assessment in Yuanhu Zhitong preparation
Generally, crude herbal extracts contain hundreds of components, and only the absorbed constituents among them may produce possible pharmacological effects. In previous studies, researchers directly utilized crude herbal extracts into cells or organs culture system for pharmacological test, which might easily result in false positive or false negative results. Therefore, reasonable pharmacological methods for...
March 2012
Influence of plant growth regulators on growth performance and photosynthetic pigments status of Eruca sativa Mill.
Eruca sativa Mill. (rocket) is an important plant that contains health promoting agents. The feasibility of applications of plant growth regulators (kinetin GA3, spermidine and naphthalene acetic acid) was tested for improving performance of rocket plants. Application of plant growth regulators significantly enhanced the plant growth parameters (shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry...
March 2012
Role of leaf epidermis in identification and differentiation of grasses in tribe Chlorideae (Poaceae) from Pakistan
In the present investigations, leaf epidermal studies of 5 species belonging to 3 genera of tribe Chlorideae (Poaceae) from salt range of Pakistan were carried out. The investigated species were Chloris barbata Sw, Chloris dolicostachya Lag, Cynodon dactylon Pers,Tetrapogon cenchriformis (A.Rich) Clayton and Tetrapogon villosus Desf. The size of stomatal complex, long cells,...
March 2012
Free radical scavenging and antibacterial activity of essential oil and solvent extracts of Iris planifolia (Mill) from Algeria
Free radical scavenging and antibacterial activity of essential oil and solvent extracts of Iris planifolia (Mill) was investigated. The essential oil was analyzed by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a total of 38 types of volatile organics were identified. The essential oil consists chiefly of alkanes (36.5%), acids (19.1%), ketones (11.7%), alcohols (9.0%), arylpropanoids (6.8%) and aldehydes...
March 2012
Quality evaluation of different products derived from Ganoderma
Quality assessment of commercial products derived from Lingzhi was performed based on both their small (triterpenes) and macro (polysaccharides) molecular bioactive components by using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPSEC-ELSD). Enzyme (α-amylase) digestion was employed for avoiding the...
March 2012
Antimicrobial activity of different Aloe barbadensis Mill. and Aloe arborescens Mill. leaf fractions
The interest on Aloe based natural products is fast growing during recent years, particularly regarding their nutraceutical and antimicrobial properties. However, the information available on this item is limited and discrepancies can be found in literature. In this work, the antimicrobial properties of Aloe barbadensis Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller dermal and inner gel leaf...
March 2012
Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic study of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits pericarp
Fruits of Phaleria macrocarpa are used in the traditional health system of the Indonesians and lower course of Malaysia, as effective remedy and management for diabetes mellitus. This study therefore investigated the hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects of P. macrocarpa extracts in normal and diabetic rats, respectively. The fruits were sequentially extracted in petroleum ether, methanol and...
March 2012
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens
Oxymatrine is one of main active compounds found in Sophora flavescens, which have been extensively used in China for the treatment of several diseases on viral hepatitis, cancer, cardiac and skin. The optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of oxymatrine from S. flavescens was investigated, and the extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Effects of several...
March 2012
cDNA cloning, sequence characterization and expression analyses of a novel gene-TPI from pepper cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)
The complete coding sequence (CDS) of the gene triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) was amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction based on the conserved sequence information of some Solanaceae plants and known highly homologous pepper ESTs. The results showed the pepper TPI gene encodes a protein of 254 amino acids that has high homology with the proteins of six other...
March 2012
Effect of Fumaria parviflora alcoholic extract on male rat’s reproductive system
This study was undertaken to study the effect of Fumaria parviflora alcoholic extract on male rat spermatogenesis. F. parviflora was administered orally at doses of 750 and 1050 mg/kg b.w. for 3 days and 250 mg/kg b.w. for 5 days through oral gavage. Experimental and control rats were sacrificed on day fifteenth after the first gavage. The testes were removed and analyzed. The weight and volume of...
March 2012
Protective effect of shikimic acid on acetic acid induced colitis in rats
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of shikimic acid (SA), an active component extracted from Chinese star anise, on acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control, AA, AA+sulfasalazine (SASP; 500 mg/kg), and AA + SA at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. Colitis was induced in all groups except the control group by AA. The AA group received...
March 2012
Impact of artemisinic acid on the growth and catharanthine production in Catharanthus roseus cultured cells
In this paper, we investigate the effects of artemisinic acid on the growth and alkaloids production of Catharanthus roseus cell cultures. For the first time, we have shown that artemisinic acid could promote the production of catharanthine in C. roseus suspension cell cultures. The highest total catharanthine yield (0.584 mg/flask) was obtained with the addition of 60 mg·L-1 artemisinic...
March 2012
Anti-platelet activity of methanolic extract of Grewia asiatica L. leaves and Terminalla chebula Retz. fruits
There is resurgent interest in exploring the anti-platelet activity of medicinal plant extracts because these are cost effective, easily available form of indigenous resources and are comparable to synthetic blood thinners in this prospective. Current investigation has been carried out to assess the anti-platelet activity of crude methanolic extracts of Grewia asiatica L. leaves and Terminalia...
March 2012
The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of green, red and white teas and their effects on the lipid profiles of rats
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities) of different teas from Camellia sinensisand their effects on the blood lipid profiles of rats. Green, red and white teas were examined. Liquid and dietary intake, body weight, peritoneal fat, lipid profiles (total cholesterol and fractions and triacylglycerols) and...
March 2012
Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used in the traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus in the North Western and South Western Algeria
In this study, the medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus were inventoried. The ethnopharmacological information was obtained from 470 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus in different areas in the North Western and South Western Algeria; 266 of them were of type 2 diabetes. The results indicated that only 28.30% of patients interviewed used medicinal plants as treatment alone or in association...
March 2012
Essential oil, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Thymus daenensis Celak. at different harvest times
Thymus daenensis Celak. is an important medicinal plant grows in different climatic regions of Iran. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the essential oil yield and oil composition of thyme as affected by harvest time during 2010. Isolate the essential oil of the plant samples were determined by hydro-distillation in Clevenger Apparatus with three hours. Composition of the essential oils was determined by...
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