Knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities towards neurocysticercosis in the districts of Amuru and Gulu, Northern Uganda
August 2020
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the hematogenous inversion of brain by the larval stage of pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices among communities in two districts of Northern Uganda. A community based cross sectional study was conducted between February to March 2019 in two Sub-Counties of Amuru and Gulu districts. Multi-stage sampling and lottery...
Historic and current trends of human African trypanosomiasis in South Sudan
August 2020
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) due to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense remains a major public health problem in South Sudan. It causes substantial socio-economic impacts on the livelihoods of poor rural inhabitants. This article throws lights on a review of historic and current trends for evolution of HAT in South Sudan. Data of HAT cases were obtained from several relevant sources including World Health Organization...
Effect of diminazene diaceturate (Sequzene®) on serum biochemistry and associated histopathological changes of New-Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
July 2020
This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of diminazene diaceturate (Sequzene®) on serum biochemistry and associated histopathological changes of New-Zealand white rabbits experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. A total of thirty New-Zealand white rabbits weighing between 0.1 and 0.7 kg of both sexes were divided into six groups A to F of five rabbits each. Group A was infected with T....
Assessment of the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic test in acutely malnourished children under five years of age in Nanoro - Burkina Faso
March 2020
The interaction of malaria with malnutrition is complex. In areas where malnutrition among children is prevalent, management of malaria is not standardized. In Burkina Faso, malaria treatment is prescribed after positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) or thick blood smears confirmation regardless of the nutritional status of the child. The study aims to assess the performance of malaria RDT in acute malnourished...
Studies on distribution and abundance of freshwater snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis along Kwanar Areh Dam in Rimi L.G.A. of Katsina State
December 2019
Various species of freshwater snails act as intermediate hosts for Schistosoma species. The Bulinus and Biomphalaria snails serve as intermediate hosts for Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni, which are the causative agents of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in humans, respectively. This study aims to determine the distribution and abundance of these snail intermediate hosts along Kwanar Areh Dam,...
Prevalence of malaria and the associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health institutions of Damot Woyide district, Southern Ethiopia
August 2019
Malaria during pregnancy is a cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and their fetuses eventually the newborns and infants. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of malaria among pregnant women that attend antenatal clinics in health institutions found in Damote Woyide district. A health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. Socio-demographic data were...
Prevalence and intensity of urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis among primary school children in rural districts of Senegal
August 2019
Schistosomiasis is a public health problem in Senegal with unevenly distributed prevalence. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni infections among primary school children in eight districts of Senegal. A cross-sectional survey including school children aged from 7 to 13 years were included and was conducted in 3 ecological areas. Urine and...
A pilot study on isolation of Asaia and detecting its co-presence with Plasmodium falciparum in two major malaria vectors in Senegal
January 2019
The declining of malaria creates the opportunity to accelerate its elimination. However, the elimination program is threatened by the spread of insecticide resistance among Anopheles (An.) mosquitoes, stressing the urgent need for new vector control strategies. Recent evidence of stable infection of anopheles’ symbionts that could affect the development of Plasmodium parasites within mosquitoes, has paved the way...
Community's knowledge, attitude and practices toward malaria and mosquito behavior in Abeshige Woreda, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
December 2018
Community Knowledge about malaria and mosquito behavior is critical for successful malaria intervention, appropriate treatment, prevention and control measures. Thus, this study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of the community towards malaria and mosquito behavior in Abeshige Woreda, South west Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Abeshige Woreda from February to March...
Vector resistance to pyrethroids and impact on the efficacy of insecticide-treated mosquito nets in Southern Benin
November 2018
The use of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) to protect population from malaria is one of the main strategies which decline the malaria morbidity and mortality in several trials carried out in different countries. However, resistance to pyrethroids is one of some problems which compromise the LLINs effectiveness. This study compares the effectiveness of LLINs in two areas, low and high resistance areas. Mosquitoes...
Effect of indoor residual spraying on malaria incidence, parasitemia and parasite density among children less than five years of age in northern Benin
October 2018
The effects of indoor residual spraying (IRS) on malaria transmission have been documented. However, the impact on morbidity has not always been highlighted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of IRS on malaria incidence, parasitemia and parasite density among children less than five years of age in Benin. We conducted a cohort study in sprayed and unsprayed areas during the malaria transmission season in...
Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection and associated factors in irrigation workers in Gamo Gofa and South Omo Zone, 2017: A Community based parasitological survey
September 2018
Schistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases and an important public health problem in many developing countries. In this era of global warming and climatic changes, the epidemiology of temperature-dependent infectious diseases could be changing implying the possibility of new transmission area in the world in general and in Ethiopia in particular. This study aims to assess the prevalence of...
Review on the epidemiological features of equine Endoparasites in Ethiopia
August 2018
Equines contributed a lot to the livelihood of Ethiopian people in terms of income generation, public transport, ploughing, threshing and ambulatory service for sick humans and animals, however various health problems hamper their contributions and of which endoparasitism is the major one. A number of epidemiological studies conducted in different part of Ethiopia point out the burden and type of endoparasites...
Evaluation of metacestode of Taenia solium antigens for detection of anti-cysticercal IgG among patients with epilepsy in three districts of Northern Uganda
August 2018
Neurocysticercosis causes serious public health and socioeconomic problems in developing countries including Uganda. The aim of the study was to evaluate the metacestodes of Taenia solium (T. solium) antigens for detection of anticysticercal Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among patients with epilepsy in three districts of Northern Uganda. Three hundred (300) random samples were screened for anticysticercal IgG using...
Prevalence of intestinal helminths among undergraduate students of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Southwestern, Nigeria
August 2018
A cross section study of the prevalence and knowledge of intestinal helminths was investigated among the newly admitted undergraduate students of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria between April and June 2016. Faecal samples from 767 subjects comprising 406 males and 361 females were collected and processed using modified kato-katz method. Eggs of four helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris...
Cytotaxonomic study of the larvae of blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from River-Ose, Ondo State, Nigeria
July 2018
A study of the cytotaxonomy of the larvae of blackfly was undertaken at three sites, Imeri A, Imeri B, and Ose-oba, along River Ose in Ondo State, Nigeria. Based on the morphology of the larvae and the resultant pupae, three species of blackflies were identified. These included Simulium damnosum complex, Simulium alcocki, and one yet to be identified (YI). Investigations on the polytene chromosomes from the salivary...
Prevalence of the major ectoparasites of poultry in extensive and intensive farms in Jimma, southwestern Ethiopia
July 2018
Ectoparasites pose a serious health threat and constitute major impediments in poultry production in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. However, they are paid less attention as endoparasites and infectious diseases; the huge economic burden of the parasites need a comprehensive study encompassing both intensive and free range poultry in order to generate accurate information about the disease. The current...
Tungiasis: An Overview
June 2018
Tungiasis exists worldwide with varying degrees of incidence and prevalence. The aim of this paper was to review the existing literature concerning Tungiasis. Tungiasis has been shown to be a public health concern for resource-poor rural communities in developing countries such as Nigeria, Kenya, Cameroon, Trinidad, Tobago, and Brazil, where its prevalence has been known to reach 50%. As a literatures reviewed, poor...
Spatial distribution of fresh water snail intermediate host in Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
June 2018
Field investigation to establish the density of fresh water snail intermediate host in four water bodies of Yenagoa metropolis were carried out during January to March, 2016. Snails were collected in each water body using scooping and handpicking methods. The identification of snails and the determination of physico-chemical parameter of the water body followed standard procedures. Three snail species were...
Prevalence, intensity and major species of gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Central Ethiopia
May 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, intensity and risk factors of major gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha district, Central Ethiopia. A total of 525 faecal samples were co-prologically examined for gastrointestinal parasites infections. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) parasite infestation was high (98.67%), with females more infested...
Cross sectional study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors in Mao komo special woreda, benishahgul gumuz, Western Ethiopia
April 2018
Trypanosomosis is a chronic haemo-protozoal disease, which is a barrier to livestock and agricultural production. A cross-sectional study with the aim of determining prevalence rate of bovine trypanosomosis and risk factors was carried out from April 2016 to November 2017 in the Mao Komo district in the Benishangul-gumuz, Ethiopia. Buffy coat followed by thin blood smear technique were employed to identify the species...
Major trematodes of cattle slaughtered at Hirna municipal Abattoir: Prevalence, associated risk factors and test agreement of sedimentation technique in Ethiopia
April 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of fasciolosis and paramphistomosis in Hirna town, assess the associated risk factors and evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of fecal sedimentation technique for both flukes. On coproscopy, out of the total of 387 cattle examined, 24 (6.2%) and 21(5.43%) cattle were positive for Fasciola and Paramphistomum, respectively. Postmortem examination of...
Success of lymphatic filariasis control in Benin: Effects of Ivermectin and Abendazole on microfilaraemia
March 2018
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that is endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa, infecting approximately 40 million people. The aim of this study was to determine effect of Ivermectine and Albendazole on microfilaraemia in 10 communes that have completed 5 rounds of MDA in Benin. The study was both retrospective and prospective. The retrospective part consisted of collecting the information in the...
Malaria-intestinal helminthes co-infection among patients in Wolkite Health Center and Attat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
February 2018
To initiate the prevention and control methods for overlapping distribution of intestinal helminthes and malaria, collecting adequate, updated and reliable information is required. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Malaria-intestinal helminthes co-infection among patients attending Wolkite Health Center and Attat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Cross sectional parasitological...
Cockroaches as carriers of human gastrointestinal parasites in Wolkite Town, southwestern Ethiopia
February 2018
Cockroaches are considered as vectors of different diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa and helminthes. The objective of this study was to examine the role of cockroaches as carriers of intestinal parasites in Wolkite town. Cockroaches were collected twice per month from five kebeles and 50 households, from March to April in 2016. A total of 209 cockroaches were collected in this study. In total, 157...
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in non-human primates at a primate center at Franceville, Gabon
January 2018
Toxoplasma gondii can cause fatal disease in both humans and non-human primates. Neospora caninum can also cause economic loss and disease to livestock. The distribution of antibodies against these parasites in non-human primates bred at the CIRMF Primate Center in Franceville, Gabon was determined. For their annual medical examination, T. gondii antibodies were identified using a modified agglutination test (MAT)....
Prevalence of malaria and anaemia during the dry season in North Central and South Western Nigeria
January 2018
Malariometric surveys provide information on epidemiological parameters used in assessing malaria burden for evidence-based decision making. This study provides information on some malariometric indices in two ecologically distinct areas in Nigeria. The study was conducted in New Bussa in Niger State (Sudan savannah) and Ijede in Lagos State (tropical rain forest). Study participants were screened for malaria, fever,...
Low prevalence of soil transmitted helminths among children in rural areas in Senegal: A cross sectional survey
January 2018
Soil transmitted helminthiasis (STH) represents a major public health problem in tropical regions. In many countries including Senegal, STH control strategies usually involve mass deworming campaigns. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and distribution of intestinal parasites among children, several years after the initiation of mass deworming campaigns with mebendazole in Senegal. A cross sectional...
Malacological study of snail intermediate hosts of trematode parasites in Okitipupa Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria
December 2017
Water bodies in specific sites were sampled for snail intermediate hosts of trematodes. Overall, a total of 949 snails were taken from the selected rivers with long handled scoop net, and in some areas with the aid of a pair of forceps. The sampled snails were placed in wide-mouthed universal bottles, loosely covered and taken to the laboratory for investigation. Examination was carried out by exposing groups of ten in...
Use of a homeopathic complex against Haematobia irritans infestation in dairy cattle, Paraná, Brazil
December 2017
Horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (Linnaeus), is an ectoparasite that feeds exclusively on the host’s blood, preferably cattle, whose biological cycle occurs in its feces. This insect is scattered throughout Brazil in areas favorable to its development and also in other South American countries. The insect remains most of the day time on the animal. The adult fly can live 3 to 7 weeks. At high infestation...
Trypanosomosis in cattle of three selected villages of Metu district, Oromia Regional State, Southwestern Ethiopia
November 2017
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017 in Metu district, Southwestern Ethiopia with the objectives of determining the infection rate of trypanosomosis in cattle and assessing apparent density of tsetse flies. A conventional parasitological study using concentration technique was used for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis, whereas baited traps were used for the vector...
Trends in toxoplasmosis seroprevalence among pregnant women attending the Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar Senegal
October 2017
Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy can lead to many complications such as abortion, cerebral calcifications, chorioretinitis, and hydrocephalus. In Senegal, toxoplasmosis primary prevention during pregnancy usually refers to prenatal screening of pregnant women, but epidemiological data are needed to help shape human toxoplasmosis prevention policy. This study assessed T. gondii seroprevalence among pregnant...
Entomological study on species composition, behavior, longevity and probability of surviving sporogony of Anopheles mosquitoes in Lare District, Ethiopia
September 2017
In order to develop efficient malaria vector control strategies, this study was conducted to assess species composition, relative abundance and longevity of Anopheles mosquito malaria vectors in Lare district, south western Ethiopia. For this, Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps catch and pyrethrum spray collection for five months from May to September, 2016. Four kebeles (the smallest...
A review on epidemiological distribution, impacts and integrated control approach of tsetse fly
September 2017
Tsetse flies are hematophagous insects of the genus Glossina that belong to the family Glossinidae. They are important because of their ability to spread disease among men and among domestic animals. Tsetse flies are strictly blood feeders, and in the act of piercing the skin and sucking blood, the flies transmit blood parasite trypanosomes to previously uninfected animals or man, causing the disease nagana, which is...
Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Dara District Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
September 2017
A cross sectional study was conducted in five selected peasant Associations of Dara Woreda of Southern Ethiopia from October, 2013 to June, 2014 to estimate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and to identify the prevalent trypanosome species, and the risk factors of the disease. Blood samples were collected from the ear vein of randomly selected 384 cattle. Thin blood smear and buffy coat techniques are employed...
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection among slaughtered pigs, cattle and goats for human consumption in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
August 2017
Toxoplasmosis is a major foodborne infectious disease with substantial adverse impact on population health and economy. Human infection is usually secondary to the consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked meat. Recent studies have reported a high prevalence of the infection in slaughterhouse animals in sub-Saharan Africa but few data exist for Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of...
A study on prevalence of canine babesiosis in and around Jimma Town, Western Ethiopia
August 2017
Cross sectional study was carried out from November, 2014 to March, 2015 to investigate the prevalence of canine babesiosis, associated risk factors and the species of Babesia affecting dogs in eight peasant associations found in and around Jimma town Western Ethiopia. Blood examination conducted on 384 randomly selected dogs showed an overall prevalence of 15.9% (61/384). The prevalence of canine babesiosis in and...
The Circadian and seasonal biting patterns of Anopheles gambiae sl in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
August 2017
Accurate knowledge on the biting pattern of Anopheles gambiae sl is a prerequisites for mounting long lasting control intervention in malaria endemic areas. A descriptive study was undertaken to determine the hourly biting cycle of A. gambiae in some randomly selected communities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria during January, 2014 and December, 2015. The two methods used for mosquito collection were human baits (indoor and...
Comparative analysis of genomic DNA amplification yield for Plasmodium falciparum extracted from urine, saliva and blood
July 2017
Malaria treatment and/or management remains an essential element as well as strategy controlling this pathology. Since 2005, Côte d'Ivoire has adopted Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) as first-line drugs to treat uncomplicated malaria. Malaria diagnostic mechanism involves blood sampling by using finger prick collection or venipuncture which requires very strict aseptic conditions. However, some...
Prevalence of small ruminant gastrointestinal parasites infections and associated risk factors in selected districts of Bale zone, south eastern Ethiopia
June 2017
Parasitic infections pose a serious health threat and remain one of the major impediments to small ruminant production in many part of the world including Ethiopia. Given the huge economic burden of the disease, a comprehensive study covering a wider study area is of paramount importance to generate accurate information about the disease. The current study was therefore, designed with the objectives to determine the...
Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis infection among children under 5- years in Cotonou, Benin
June 2017
Cryptosporidiosis is recognized as one of the leading causes of childhood diarrhea in developing countries, but no data has been published, so far, on the prevalence among children with diarrhea in Benin. The aim of the present study was to assess, for the first time, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in Cotonou, Benin. A prospective study involving children younger than 5 years of age (n = 104)...
The prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors in Mareka Woreda of Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
May 2017
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, to identify predominant trypanosome species and some associated risk factors,in purposively selected areas of Mareka district of Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia from November 2015 to April 2016. For this purpose, a total of 384 blood samples were collected from cattle using systematic random sampling methodconsidering different...
Experimental studies on the reproductive biology of Hyalomma truncatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Maiduguri, Nigeria
May 2017
Experimental studies were conducted between July and September, 2014 on the reproductive biology of Hyalomma truncatum in Maiduguri. Engorged adult female ticks were collected from the body of slaughtered cattle and morphologically identified to the species level. For further study, they were incubated in desiccators at 28°C and 85% relative humidity (RH) to determine their pre-oviposition and oviposition periods....
Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes in minced beef, calves and humans in Bishoftu and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
May 2017
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial profile of Salmonella in 102 beef, 384 stool and 107 calf faecal samples. The beef samples were collected from 34 randomly selected supermarkets in Addis Ababa, stool samples were collected from Bishoftu General Hospital and calf faecal samples were from randomly selected dairy farms in Bishoftu. Of the total 102 minced beef, 384 stool and 107 faecal...
Studies on the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis in Ambo municipality abattoir, Western Shoa, Ethiopia
May 2017
A cross-sectional study was conducted on cattle slaughtered in Ambo municipal abattoir with the aim of determining the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis. Of the 600 carcasses inspected, 93 (15.5%) were infected with cysticerci. A total of 122 cysts were collected of which 95 (77.87%) were viable while others 27 (22.13%) were degenerated. The anatomical...
Seroprevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis among people with epilepsy epileptic patients in three rural districts of Northern Uganda
May 2017
Taenia solium pork tapeworm is one of the parasites that causes serious public health and socioeconomic problems in developing countries. In Northern Uganda, extreme level of poverty, lack of sanitation infrastructure and communities’ practice of free range pig farming provide suitable condition for survival of T. solium in the area. Additionally, increased cases of epilepsy are of serious concern. The aim of the...
Study on prevalence and identification of ixodid ticks in cattle in Gursum district, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
April 2017
The current study on prevalence and identification of ixodid ticks in cattle was carried out in Gursum district, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia regional state, from November 2015 to April 2016. A total of 1447 ticks were collected from nine body parts of 384 cattle kept under extensive management system. Out of 384 cattle examined, 232 were found harbor one or more tick species. The identified tick species were Amblyomma...
Study on cattle tick species frequency distribution in and around Jimma province of Ethiopia
April 2017
The prevalence and abundance of tick species of cattle were studied in and around Jimma town of South Western Ethiopia from November, 2015 to March, 2016. The overall prevalence of tick in cattle was about 88.8%. A total of 4579 adult ticks were collected from 384 cattle. Of the total tick collected, Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus constitute 76.7 and 23.3%, respectively. Three species belonged to the genus Amblyomma and...
Success of lymphatic filariasis control in Benin: Effects of Ivermectin and Abendazole on microfilaraemia
March 2017
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that is endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa, infecting approximately 40 million people. The aim of this study was to determine effect of Ivermectine and Albendazole on microfilaraemia in 10 communes that have completed 5 rounds of MDA in Benin. The study was both retrospective and prospective. The retrospective part consisted of collecting the information in the...
An investigation on Glossina species and the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle in Meatu district, Tanzania
February 2017
A cross-sectional study which sought to identify Glossina species and the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle of Meatu district where sleeping sickness cases have been reported in villages that border protected wildlife parks, was carried out. Four phenols and acetone baited tsetse traps (NGU, NZI, S3 and Biconical) were used in the study and showed that three Glossina species occurs in the area namely Glossina...
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