November 2018
Vector resistance to pyrethroids and impact on the efficacy of insecticide-treated mosquito nets in Southern Benin
The use of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) to protect population from malaria is one of the main strategies which decline the malaria morbidity and mortality in several trials carried out in different countries. However, resistance to pyrethroids is one of some problems which compromise the LLINs effectiveness. This study compares the effectiveness of LLINs in two areas, low and high resistance areas. Mosquitoes...
October 2018
Effect of indoor residual spraying on malaria incidence, parasitemia and parasite density among children less than five years of age in northern Benin
The effects of indoor residual spraying (IRS) on malaria transmission have been documented. However, the impact on morbidity has not always been highlighted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of IRS on malaria incidence, parasitemia and parasite density among children less than five years of age in Benin. We conducted a cohort study in sprayed and unsprayed areas during the malaria transmission season in...
September 2018
Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection and associated factors in irrigation workers in Gamo Gofa and South Omo Zone, 2017: A Community based parasitological survey
Schistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases and an important public health problem in many developing countries. In this era of global warming and climatic changes, the epidemiology of temperature-dependent infectious diseases could be changing implying the possibility of new transmission area in the world in general and in Ethiopia in particular. This study aims to assess the prevalence of...
August 2018
Review on the epidemiological features of equine Endoparasites in Ethiopia
Equines contributed a lot to the livelihood of Ethiopian people in terms of income generation, public transport, ploughing, threshing and ambulatory service for sick humans and animals, however various health problems hamper their contributions and of which endoparasitism is the major one. A number of epidemiological studies conducted in different part of Ethiopia point out the burden and type of endoparasites...
August 2018
Evaluation of metacestode of Taenia solium antigens for detection of anti-cysticercal IgG among patients with epilepsy in three districts of Northern Uganda
Neurocysticercosis causes serious public health and socioeconomic problems in developing countries including Uganda. The aim of the study was to evaluate the metacestodes of Taenia solium (T. solium) antigens for detection of anticysticercal Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among patients with epilepsy in three districts of Northern Uganda. Three hundred (300) random samples were screened for anticysticercal IgG using...
August 2018
Prevalence of intestinal helminths among undergraduate students of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Southwestern, Nigeria
A cross section study of the prevalence and knowledge of intestinal helminths was investigated among the newly admitted undergraduate students of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria between April and June 2016. Faecal samples from 767 subjects comprising 406 males and 361 females were collected and processed using modified kato-katz method. Eggs of four helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris...
July 2018
Cytotaxonomic study of the larvae of blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from River-Ose, Ondo State, Nigeria
A study of the cytotaxonomy of the larvae of blackfly was undertaken at three sites, Imeri A, Imeri B, and Ose-oba, along River Ose in Ondo State, Nigeria. Based on the morphology of the larvae and the resultant pupae, three species of blackflies were identified. These included Simulium damnosum complex, Simulium alcocki, and one yet to be identified (YI). Investigations on the polytene chromosomes from the salivary...
July 2018
Prevalence of the major ectoparasites of poultry in extensive and intensive farms in Jimma, southwestern Ethiopia
Ectoparasites pose a serious health threat and constitute major impediments in poultry production in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. However, they are paid less attention as endoparasites and infectious diseases; the huge economic burden of the parasites need a comprehensive study encompassing both intensive and free range poultry in order to generate accurate information about the disease. The current...
June 2018
Tungiasis: An Overview
Tungiasis exists worldwide with varying degrees of incidence and prevalence. The aim of this paper was to review the existing literature concerning Tungiasis. Tungiasis has been shown to be a public health concern for resource-poor rural communities in developing countries such as Nigeria, Kenya, Cameroon, Trinidad, Tobago, and Brazil, where its prevalence has been known to reach 50%. As a literatures reviewed, poor...
June 2018
Spatial distribution of fresh water snail intermediate host in Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Field investigation to establish the density of fresh water snail intermediate host in four water bodies of Yenagoa metropolis were carried out during January to March, 2016. Snails were collected in each water body using scooping and handpicking methods. The identification of snails and the determination of physico-chemical parameter of the water body followed standard procedures. Three snail species were...
May 2018
Prevalence, intensity and major species of gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Central Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, intensity and risk factors of major gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha district, Central Ethiopia. A total of 525 faecal samples were co-prologically examined for gastrointestinal parasites infections. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) parasite infestation was high (98.67%), with females more infested...
April 2018
Cross sectional study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors in Mao komo special woreda, benishahgul gumuz, Western Ethiopia
Trypanosomosis is a chronic haemo-protozoal disease, which is a barrier to livestock and agricultural production. A cross-sectional study with the aim of determining prevalence rate of bovine trypanosomosis and risk factors was carried out from April 2016 to November 2017 in the Mao Komo district in the Benishangul-gumuz, Ethiopia. Buffy coat followed by thin blood smear technique were employed to identify the species...
April 2018
Major trematodes of cattle slaughtered at Hirna municipal Abattoir: Prevalence, associated risk factors and test agreement of sedimentation technique in Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of fasciolosis and paramphistomosis in Hirna town, assess the associated risk factors and evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of fecal sedimentation technique for both flukes. On coproscopy, out of the total of 387 cattle examined, 24 (6.2%) and 21(5.43%) cattle were positive for Fasciola and Paramphistomum, respectively. Postmortem examination of...
March 2018
A survey on intestinal nematodes of dogs in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
To determine the prevalence of intestinal nematodes of dogs in Uyo, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria, faecal samples from two hundred household dogs and fifty gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) from dogs slaughtering houses were collected and analyzed using standard parasitological methods of diagnosis. Out of the two hundred and fifty dogs examined, 195 (78.0%) were infected with different species of intestinal nematodes, of which...
February 2018
Malaria-intestinal helminthes co-infection among patients in Wolkite Health Center and Attat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
To initiate the prevention and control methods for overlapping distribution of intestinal helminthes and malaria, collecting adequate, updated and reliable information is required. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Malaria-intestinal helminthes co-infection among patients attending Wolkite Health Center and Attat Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Cross sectional parasitological...
February 2018
Cockroaches as carriers of human gastrointestinal parasites in Wolkite Town, southwestern Ethiopia
Cockroaches are considered as vectors of different diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa and helminthes. The objective of this study was to examine the role of cockroaches as carriers of intestinal parasites in Wolkite town. Cockroaches were collected twice per month from five kebeles and 50 households, from March to April in 2016. A total of 209 cockroaches were collected in this study. In total, 157...
January 2018
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in non-human primates at a primate center at Franceville, Gabon
Toxoplasma gondii can cause fatal disease in both humans and non-human primates. Neospora caninum can also cause economic loss and disease to livestock. The distribution of antibodies against these parasites in non-human primates bred at the CIRMF Primate Center in Franceville, Gabon was determined. For their annual medical examination, T. gondii antibodies were identified using a modified agglutination test (MAT)....
January 2018
Prevalence of malaria and anaemia during the dry season in North Central and South Western Nigeria
Malariometric surveys provide information on epidemiological parameters used in assessing malaria burden for evidence-based decision making. This study provides information on some malariometric indices in two ecologically distinct areas in Nigeria. The study was conducted in New Bussa in Niger State (Sudan savannah) and Ijede in Lagos State (tropical rain forest). Study participants were screened for malaria, fever,...
January 2018
Low prevalence of soil transmitted helminths among children in rural areas in Senegal: A cross sectional survey
Soil transmitted helminthiasis (STH) represents a major public health problem in tropical regions. In many countries including Senegal, STH control strategies usually involve mass deworming campaigns. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and distribution of intestinal parasites among children, several years after the initiation of mass deworming campaigns with mebendazole in Senegal. A cross sectional...
December 2017
Malacological study of snail intermediate hosts of trematode parasites in Okitipupa Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria
Water bodies in specific sites were sampled for snail intermediate hosts of trematodes. Overall, a total of 949 snails were taken from the selected rivers with long handled scoop net, and in some areas with the aid of a pair of forceps. The sampled snails were placed in wide-mouthed universal bottles, loosely covered and taken to the laboratory for investigation. Examination was carried out by exposing groups of ten in...
December 2017
Use of a homeopathic complex against Haematobia irritans infestation in dairy cattle, Paraná, Brazil
Horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (Linnaeus), is an ectoparasite that feeds exclusively on the host’s blood, preferably cattle, whose biological cycle occurs in its feces. This insect is scattered throughout Brazil in areas favorable to its development and also in other South American countries. The insect remains most of the day time on the animal. The adult fly can live 3 to 7 weeks. At high infestation...
November 2017
Trypanosomosis in cattle of three selected villages of Metu district, Oromia Regional State, Southwestern Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017 in Metu district, Southwestern Ethiopia with the objectives of determining the infection rate of trypanosomosis in cattle and assessing apparent density of tsetse flies. A conventional parasitological study using concentration technique was used for the determination of prevalence of trypanosomosis, whereas baited traps were used for the vector...
October 2017
Trends in toxoplasmosis seroprevalence among pregnant women attending the Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar Senegal
Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy can lead to many complications such as abortion, cerebral calcifications, chorioretinitis, and hydrocephalus. In Senegal, toxoplasmosis primary prevention during pregnancy usually refers to prenatal screening of pregnant women, but epidemiological data are needed to help shape human toxoplasmosis prevention policy. This study assessed T. gondii seroprevalence among pregnant...
September 2017
Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Dara District Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
A cross sectional study was conducted in five selected peasant Associations of Dara Woreda of Southern Ethiopia from October, 2013 to June, 2014 to estimate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and to identify the prevalent trypanosome species, and the risk factors of the disease. Blood samples were collected from the ear vein of randomly selected 384 cattle. Thin blood smear and buffy coat techniques are employed...
September 2017
A review on epidemiological distribution, impacts and integrated control approach of tsetse fly
Tsetse flies are hematophagous insects of the genus Glossina that belong to the family Glossinidae. They are important because of their ability to spread disease among men and among domestic animals. Tsetse flies are strictly blood feeders, and in the act of piercing the skin and sucking blood, the flies transmit blood parasite trypanosomes to previously uninfected animals or man, causing the disease nagana, which is...
September 2017
Entomological study on species composition, behavior, longevity and probability of surviving sporogony of Anopheles mosquitoes in Lare District, Ethiopia
In order to develop efficient malaria vector control strategies, this study was conducted to assess species composition, relative abundance and longevity of Anopheles mosquito malaria vectors in Lare district, south western Ethiopia. For this, Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps catch and pyrethrum spray collection for five months from May to September, 2016. Four kebeles (the smallest...
August 2017
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection among slaughtered pigs, cattle and goats for human consumption in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Toxoplasmosis is a major foodborne infectious disease with substantial adverse impact on population health and economy. Human infection is usually secondary to the consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked meat. Recent studies have reported a high prevalence of the infection in slaughterhouse animals in sub-Saharan Africa but few data exist for Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of...
August 2017
The Circadian and seasonal biting patterns of Anopheles gambiae sl in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Accurate knowledge on the biting pattern of Anopheles gambiae sl is a prerequisites for mounting long lasting control intervention in malaria endemic areas. A descriptive study was undertaken to determine the hourly biting cycle of A. gambiae in some randomly selected communities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria during January, 2014 and December, 2015. The two methods used for mosquito collection were human baits (indoor and...
August 2017
A study on prevalence of canine babesiosis in and around Jimma Town, Western Ethiopia
Cross sectional study was carried out from November, 2014 to March, 2015 to investigate the prevalence of canine babesiosis, associated risk factors and the species of Babesia affecting dogs in eight peasant associations found in and around Jimma town Western Ethiopia. Blood examination conducted on 384 randomly selected dogs showed an overall prevalence of 15.9% (61/384). The prevalence of canine babesiosis in and...
July 2017
Comparative analysis of genomic DNA amplification yield for Plasmodium falciparum extracted from urine, saliva and blood
Malaria treatment and/or management remains an essential element as well as strategy controlling this pathology. Since 2005, Côte d'Ivoire has adopted Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) as first-line drugs to treat uncomplicated malaria. Malaria diagnostic mechanism involves blood sampling by using finger prick collection or venipuncture which requires very strict aseptic conditions. However, some...
June 2017
Prevalence of small ruminant gastrointestinal parasites infections and associated risk factors in selected districts of Bale zone, south eastern Ethiopia
Parasitic infections pose a serious health threat and remain one of the major impediments to small ruminant production in many part of the world including Ethiopia. Given the huge economic burden of the disease, a comprehensive study covering a wider study area is of paramount importance to generate accurate information about the disease. The current study was therefore, designed with the objectives to determine the...
June 2017
Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis infection among children under 5- years in Cotonou, Benin
Cryptosporidiosis is recognized as one of the leading causes of childhood diarrhea in developing countries, but no data has been published, so far, on the prevalence among children with diarrhea in Benin. The aim of the present study was to assess, for the first time, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in Cotonou, Benin. A prospective study involving children younger than 5 years of age (n = 104)...
May 2017
The prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factors in Mareka Woreda of Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, to identify predominant trypanosome species and some associated risk factors,in purposively selected areas of Mareka district of Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia from November 2015 to April 2016. For this purpose, a total of 384 blood samples were collected from cattle using systematic random sampling methodconsidering different...
May 2017
Seroprevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis among epileptic patients in three rural districts of Northern Uganda
Taenia solium pork tapeworm is one of the parasites that causes serious public health and socioeconomic problems in developing countries. In Northern Uganda, extreme level of poverty, lack of sanitation infrastructure and communities’ practice of free range pig farming provide suitable condition for survival of T. solium in the area. Additionally, increased cases of epilepsy are of serious concern. The aim of the...
May 2017
Experimental studies on the reproductive biology of Hyalomma truncatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Maiduguri, Nigeria
Experimental studies were conducted between July and September, 2014 on the reproductive biology of Hyalomma truncatum in Maiduguri. Engorged adult female ticks were collected from the body of slaughtered cattle and morphologically identified to the species level. For further study, they were incubated in desiccators at 28°C and 85% relative humidity (RH) to determine their pre-oviposition and oviposition periods....
May 2017
Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes in minced beef, calves and humans in Bishoftu and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial profile of Salmonella in 102 beef, 384 stool and 107 calf faecal samples. The beef samples were collected from 34 randomly selected supermarkets in Addis Ababa, stool samples were collected from Bishoftu General Hospital and calf faecal samples were from randomly selected dairy farms in Bishoftu. Of the total 102 minced beef, 384 stool and 107 faecal...
May 2017
Studies on the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis in Ambo municipality abattoir, Western Shoa, Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted on cattle slaughtered in Ambo municipal abattoir with the aim of determining the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis. Of the 600 carcasses inspected, 93 (15.5%) were infected with cysticerci. A total of 122 cysts were collected of which 95 (77.87%) were viable while others 27 (22.13%) were degenerated. The anatomical...
April 2017
Study on prevalence and identification of ixodid ticks in cattle in Gursum district, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
The current study on prevalence and identification of ixodid ticks in cattle was carried out in Gursum district, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia regional state, from November 2015 to April 2016. A total of 1447 ticks were collected from nine body parts of 384 cattle kept under extensive management system. Out of 384 cattle examined, 232 were found harbor one or more tick species. The identified tick species were Amblyomma...
April 2017
Study on cattle tick species frequency distribution in and around Jimma province of Ethiopia
The prevalence and abundance of tick species of cattle were studied in and around Jimma town of South Western Ethiopia from November, 2015 to March, 2016. The overall prevalence of tick in cattle was about 88.8%. A total of 4579 adult ticks were collected from 384 cattle. Of the total tick collected, Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus constitute 76.7 and 23.3%, respectively. Three species belonged to the genus Amblyomma and...
March 2017
Success of lymphatic filariasis control in Benin: Effects of Ivermectin and Abendazole on microfilaraemia
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that is endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa, infecting approximately 40 million people. The aim of this study was to determine effect of Ivermectine and Albendazole on microfilaraemia in 10 communes that have completed 5 rounds of MDA in Benin. The study was both retrospective and prospective. The retrospective part consisted of collecting the information in the...
February 2017
An investigation on Glossina species and the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle in Meatu district, Tanzania
A cross-sectional study which sought to identify Glossina species and the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle of Meatu district where sleeping sickness cases have been reported in villages that border protected wildlife parks, was carried out. Four phenols and acetone baited tsetse traps (NGU, NZI, S3 and Biconical) were used in the study and showed that three Glossina species occurs in the area namely Glossina...
January 2017
Prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparium and Plasmodium vivax malaria carriage among school children of malaria endemic areas of Mirab Abaya district, Southern Ethiopia
Asymptomatic malaria parasitemia has been reported in areas with high malaria transmission. Asymptomatic malaria carriers may play a significant role as an infection reservoir. Malaria elimination program have also faced challenges due to these parasite carriers and they should be considered in malaria-control programs in endemic areas for successful transmission interruption. The aim of the current study was to...
January 2017
Hydatidosis: Prevalence and financial loss of bovine hydatidosis from cattle slaughtered at Adama Municipal Abattoir, South Eastern Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was carried out from November, 2013 to April, 2014 at Adama municipal abattoir to determine the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis and assess its direct financial loss due to organs condemnation. Postmortem examination, hydatid cyst characterization and direct financial loss estimations were conducted on slaughtered animals by systematic random sampling technique. Out of 450 local zebu cattle...
December 2016
Prevalence of intestinal parasites from fingernails of primary school going children of district Lahore
Intestinal parasitic infections are widely distributed throughout the world and children are the most affected population. In primary schools environments children have proven to be more susceptible for acquiring Intestinal parasites (IP) through fingernails. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children of primary schools of district Lahore. 300 nail samples were...
November 2016
Development and evaluation of a novel slide flocculation test using rat liver tissue homogenate as antibody binding surface for onchocerciasis screening
The need to have a screening tool for onchocerciasis control to compliment parasitological and molecular diagnosis has remained an important goal. A novel Onchocerca volvulus slide flocculation test (Ov-SFT) was developed using tissue homogenates from rat organs (kidney, liver, heart, spleen, muscle, brain, lungs and testes). Liver followed by spleen and then kidney tissue homogenates performed better than others....
October 2016
Epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and knowledge of health personnel in rural communities of South-Western Nigeria
Human schistosomiasis is a major water-borne parasitic disease in Nigeria with limited control programme. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis, and knowledge of local health personnel in rural communities of the south-western states of Osun and Kwara, Nigeria, by using a filtration technique and a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Of the 620 individuals...
October 2016
A study on prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis of sheep and goats in and around Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia
A cross sectional study on gastrointestinal parasite of small ruminants was conducted from November, 2011 to April, 2012 in Dire Dawa with the objective to determine the prevalence of infestation, and to identify the gastrointestinal helminth parasite in sheep and goats. A total of 768 coprological examinations were performed on 384 fecal sample each from sheep and goats. Taking the overall parasitic infestation into...
September 2016
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in the human population of the city Santa Luzia – State of Paraíba, Brazil
The parasites are classified as one of the greatest evils of collective physical being problems, which can cause a state of high fragility, influencing the number of world inhabitants, as a no standard framework for a healthy quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the major intestinal parasites found in result of parasitological tests, from the Municipality of Santa Luzia,...
September 2016
Parasitism of Cuterebra (Diptera: Oestridae) on rodents of islands of the Gulf of California, Mexico
The genus, Cuterebra is an obligate dermal parasite of New World mammals that can cause problems with rodent reproduction. 2812 rodents of nine species from nine Gulf of California Islands were sampled for the presence of Cuterebra sp. Only two species of rodents were parasitized by Cuterebra sp. on two islands (Montserrat and Danzante): the canyon mouse, Peromyscus caniceps (n = 261) with a prevalence of 17.97% and the...
August 2016
Altitudinal variation in the parasitological and entomological indices of malaria around Mount Cameroon, South West Region of Cameroon
This study aimed to define the heterogeneity in the parasitological and entomologic indices of malaria transmission from sites of contrasting altitudes in the Mt. Cameroon region. Blood samples were collected by pricking the finger. Thick and thin blood films were prepared and Giemsa-stained. Slides were examined under x100 objective for the identification of asexual and sexual stages of malaria parasites....
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