African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5233

AJMR Articles

Detection and genotyping of rhinovirus from exacerbated asthmatic patients in Baghdad, Iraq

September 2017

Asthma is a chronic disease with multiple environmental and genetic causes. Determining the role of rhinovirus in asthma incidence and exacerbation could improve the controlling measures for this disease. This study aims to detect and genotype human rhinovirus (HRV) in asthmatic patients in Iraqi population. A total of 45 patients with asthma participated in this study. Viral RNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs...

Author(s): Ayad M. Gaidan, Ahmed A. Abbas, Qasim S. Al-Mayah, Mohammed A. Hassan and Hashem M. Hashim

Challenges in diagnosis of central nervous system infections using conventional method: Need for better approach in Rwanda

September 2017

Central nervous system (CNS) infection is a common and serious disease that needs rapid and appropriate diagnosis for an appropriate treatment. However, in most recourse limited setting including Rwanda, conventional microbiological method is the only way to establish a confirmed infectious etiology. This was a 4 years retrospective review of registers and electronic laboratory records aimed to determine the causative...

Author(s): Edouard Ntagwabira, , Marianne Wanjiru Mureithi, Claude Mambo Muvunyi, Florence Masaisa, Menelas Nkeshimana, Isabelle Mukagatare, Doreen Thuo, Walter Jaoko, Jean Baptiste Mazarati and Omu Anzala

Isolation of bacteria from mobile phones before and after decontamination: Study carried out at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

September 2017

Different fomites which are in regular contact with humans can play an important role in the transmission of microorganisms. Mobile phones have become indispensable in all walks of life; nevertheless their potential role in transmission of infections is of great interest. A cross-sectional study was done (April to June, 2015) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Faculty of Medicine (female campus), in order to detect...

Author(s): Razina Mohd. Qamar Zaman and Noof Refat Mohd Helmi

Value of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in clinical microbiology and infectious diseases in Africa and tropical areas

September 2017

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a revolutionary technique with multiple applications. Its use in clinical microbiology is now becoming widespread as the method is an easy, rapid, effective, accurate, and cheap way to identify cultured bacteria and fungi. It is, therefore, an ideal tool to replace conventional methods still used in Africa and...

Author(s): Cheikh Ibrahima Lo, Bécaye Fall, Bissoume Sambe-Ba, Christophe Flaudrops, Ngor Faye, Oleg Mediannikov, Cheikh Sokhna, Boubacar Wade, Didier Raoult and Florence Fenollar

Susceptibility to fungal infection: A comparison between Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens

September 2017

Experiment was carried out to compare the susceptibility of Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens on sale to fungal infection at Sharada and Rimi markets in Kano metropolitan area. A total of four fungal species were isolated from samples of C. annuum and C. frutescens collected from the two markets. Out of the colonies isolated, the most abundant colony was A. niger (84, 39.25%). This was followed by R. stolonifer...

Author(s): Yahaya S. M., Mukhtar D., Ali M. U., Lawan M., Ibrahim A. M., Amina L. A., Tasiu A. M., Sadiya A. B., Maimuna M. D. and Musa M. J.

Halo-thermophilic bacteria and heterocyst cyanobacteria found adjacent to halophytes at Sabkhas, Qatar: Preliminary study and possible roles

September 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the halo-thermophilic bacteria and cyanobacteria adjacent to the halophytic plants, Suaeda virmiculata, Limonium axillare and Tetraena qatarense, and the microbial functionalities in Sabkhas of Qatar. These soils are alkaline and highly saline, and their moisture contents varied throughout the year. A significant presence of thermo-halophilic bacteria was found when selective...

Author(s): Roda Fahad Al-Thani and Bassam Taha Yasseen

Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae as an emerging pathogen from patients with respiratory diseases

September 2017

Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae is a mischaracterized species of Streptococci that is usually overlooked during examination of sputum samples of patients with chest infections. The association of this organism with lower respiratory tract diseases is still unclear and its isolation and description is underestimated in our locality. To our knowledge, there are no published studies on the isolation of S. pseudopneumoniae...

Author(s): Samah Sabry El-Kazzaz, Noha Tharwat  Abou El-Khier and Eman Omar Arram

Salmonella Heidelberg reduces nitrergic neurons in the myenteric plexus of the duodenum of broilers

September 2017

The present study aimed to characterize the effects of Salmonella Heidelberg challenge, as well as its changes in the inhibitory neuron subpopulation in the myenteric plexus of broilers. At the age of 21 days, after euthanasia of birds, duodenum fragments were collected from 5 male chicken broilers Cobb 500 linage from the challenged group and the control group for the quantification from the subpopulation of myenteric...

Author(s): Patrícia Franco Gonçalves Previato do Amaral, Gabriela Rocha Santos, Tatiana Kaori Urano, Karen da Silva Diniz, Tatiane dos Santos Aparecido Gonçalves, Grazielli de Fátima Serenini, Luciana Kazue Otutumi and Ricardo de Melo Germano

Antioxidant modulation in response to selenium induced oxidative stress in unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942

September 2017

A unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 was exposed to various concentrations of SeO42–. A growth supportive effect was seen at 50 µM concentration of SeO42− whereas 50% growth retardation was observed at 200 µM of SeO42−. Selenium (Se) stress at 200 µM SeO42− induced the formation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radical (O2•–),...

Author(s): Priya Saraf , Akanksha Sao and Divya Bagchi

Susceptibility of locally cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) varieties to aflatoxin accumulation in Homa Bay County, Kenya

September 2017

Groundnut is one of the staple foods in many parts of the world. Due to its high nutrient content, the nuts are liable to colonization by aflatoxigenic fungi and subsequent aflatoxin accumulation. This study was aimed at determining susceptibility of locally grown groundnut varieties to Aspergillus flavus in Homa Bay County, Western Kenya. A pretested questionnaire was used to survey agronomic practices on groundnut...

Author(s): Ndisio Boaz, Peter Wachira, Victor Kagot and Sheila Okoth

Isolation and characterization of extremely halotolerant Bacillus species from Dead Sea black mud and determination of their antimicrobial and hydrolytic activities

August 2017

This is the first study that investigated the isolation of extremely halotolerant Bacillus species from Dead Sea black mud. Nine isolates obtained from black mud were considered to be extremely halotolerant Bacillus based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties. Most of their colonies were white to light yellow and circular to irregular. All isolates were Gram-positive rod-shaped endospore-forming...

Author(s): Maher Obeidat

Interaction between bacterial biocontrol-agents and strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli effects on biocontrol efficacy of common blight in beans

August 2017

The bacterial biocontrol agents (BCAs) treatments were used for seed microbiolization; the bacterial biocontrol agents (BCAs) used selected from previous study on the control of Xanthomonas-axonopodis pv. phaseoli Xap) includes: Bacillus (DFs093, DFs348 and DFs769), Pseudomonas (DFs513, DFs831 and DFs842), Rhodococcus (DFs843 and DFs912), and the combinations C01 (DFs093+DFs769+DFs831), C02 (DFs093+DFs769+DFs842) and...

Author(s): Bianca Obes Corrêa, Vanessa Nogueira Soares, Mauricio Sangiogo, José Rogério de Oliveira and Andréa Bittencourt Moura

Shelf life extension study of ogi and fufu using bacteriocin isolated from Lactobacillus acidophilus of fermented dairy products

August 2017

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides produced majorly by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which act against food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, thereby, extending the shelf life of food products. Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus (isolated from yoghurt and nono) was extracted and incorporated in samples of ogi and fufu to evaluate its bio-preservative potential. Microbiological analysis was done at the...

Author(s): L. V. Ageni, G. A. Ajibade, B. Yerima and J. Appah

Variables associated to anti-HIV, anti-rubella antibodies, syphilis reagins and enteroparasitosis in pregnant women

August 2017

The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence of anti-HIV, anti-rubella antibodies, syphilis reagins and enteroparasitosis in pregnant women during their pre-natal monitoring at the Basic Health Units in the city of Umuarama (PR) and checking possible social-economic and behavioral associations. A cross-section study was performed in 690 pregnant women who went to have pre-natal checkup in the period from June...

Author(s): Graziela Vendrame Rodrigues, Karoline Franciani Cardoso Lopes, Isabel Cristina da Silva Caetano, Melissa Marchi Zaniolo, Francisco Hiroshi Matumoto, Luiz Sérgio Merlini, Fabiana Maria Ruiz Lopes-Mori, Andréia Assunção Soares, Ulisses de Pádua Pereira and Daniela Dib Gonçalves

Lipolytic activity of fungi isolated from Jatropha curcas L. (physic nut) fruit rot

August 2017

Isolation, identification and screening of lipid-degrading fungal organisms causing rot of unripe, ripe and dry fruits of Jatropha curcas L. were carried out, and determination of the fungus showing highest lipolytic activity on the substrate analysed from three different locations within Edo State, Nigeria was done using standard methods. Five fungal isolates (Curvularia geniculata, Lasiodiplodia theobromae,...

Author(s): Stephen Osaigede Aifuwa, Festus Olakunle Tawose, Franker Okungbowa and Francis Nosakhare Imade

Effect of crude toxins of Ustilaginoidea virens on rice seed germination

August 2017

The plant pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens is known to generate secondary metabolite ustiloxins, which are poisonous to humans and domestic animals and to affect plant cells during the growth process. In this study, rice false smut was collected from different locations in Sichuan province and the strains isolated. The crude toxins of U. virens were extracted from the liquid culture medium of isolated strains to determine...

Author(s): Rongtao Fu, Jian Wang, Cheng Chen, Xueshu Gong and Daihua Lu

Sero-prevalence of camel brucellosis (Camelus dromedarius) and phenotypic characteristics of Brucella melitensis biovar 3 in Shalateen City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt

August 2017

The objective of this study was to estimate the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in camels in Shalateen city, Red sea Governorate. A total of 801 Sera were collected from apparently healthy dromedary camels from 2014 to 2015 spring. Sera were consequently serologically tested and confirmed using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), buffer acidified plate antigen test (BAPAT) and complement fixation test (CFT). 103 (12.90%), 93...

Author(s): Ahmed M. El-Sayed, Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed, Mohamed M. El-Diasty, Mohamed A. El-Beskawy, Sherif M. Shoieb and Emad E. Younis

Pleurotus ostreatus, mushrooms production using quick and cheap methods and the challenges to the use of coffee husk as substrate

August 2017

Coffee husk is a residue generated in large amount in Brazil and which contains caffeine and tannins, among other compounds, resulting in disposal problem. Recently, studies have shown that coffee husk can be used as substrate for mushroom cultivation. However, the main problem seems to be a low mushroom yield. Moreover, sterilization was always performed, making difficult the mushroom cultivation dissemination in...

Author(s): Mateus D. Nunes, Marliane C. S. da Silva, João G. S. Schram, Juliana S. da Silva, Yutaka Tamai and Maria C. M. Kasuya

Intestinal parasitic infections and nutritional status of pre-school children in Hawassa Zuria District, South Ethiopia

August 2017

Though early childhood nutritional status is an important aspect of children’s health, different factors affect it. Intestinal parasitosis is common among children of developing countries. Even if studies well discuss the public health significance of intestinal parasites and nutritional deficits as a separate issue, evidences discussing their relationship are limited from Ethiopia. Therefore, this study...

Author(s): Alemneh Kabeta, Sintayehu Assefa, Dejene Hailu and Getenesh Berhanu

Evaluation of fresh culture media for mycelial growth and conidial production of Botrytis fabae, causing chocolate spot on faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

August 2017

Botrytis fabae incites chocolate spot, one of the most devastating fungal diseases infecting and constraining faba bean cultivation in Ethiopia. Culturing of B. fabae and mass production of its infective conidia has been very difficult for pathological researches on the disease caused by this fungus. Therefore, two in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate influence of culture media on mycelial growth and...

Author(s): Habtamu Terefe Yetayew

Assessment of survival Escherichia coli in rennet cheese manufactured from experimentally contaminated milk

August 2017

Being a handmade product, the rennet cheese is prepared following regional and family traditions. In some places, the milk is obtained under sanitary conditions disabled and therefore has a high number of micro-organisms such as Escherichia coli. This study aimed to verify the survival of E. coli in rennet cheese made from experimentally contaminated milk, after storage for 21 days under refrigeration, at 4.0°C....

Author(s): Victor Augusto Araújo Barbosa, Leniza Luiza Oliveira Nascimento, Marina Rebeca Soares Carneiro de Sousa, João Batista Lopes, Amilton Paulo Raposo Costa, Maria Marlucia Gomes Pereira, Waleska Ferreira de Albuquerque and Maria Christina Sanches Muratori

Prevalence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus in GonoShastho Nagar Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

August 2017

Antibiotics are used in the prevention of different kinds of infectious diseases, but now-a-days, multidrug resistant strain of pathogenic bacteria is increasing due to the excess or misuse of antibiotics. These antibiotic resistant bacteria have become a great problem for the big population of Bangladesh. In this study, seven clinical samples were screened from about 250 patients having upper respiratory infections at...

Author(s): Md. Ashrafudoulla, Mustafizur Rahman, Md. Furkanur Rahaman Mizan, Ms. Anwara Begum and Sang-Do Ha

Contamination of meat products by coagulase positive staphylococci in the Algiers, Algeria

August 2017

Meat is regarded as one of the main sources of food-borne diseases; its evaluation can constitute a valuable source of information that can be used in the design of collective prophylaxis programs in public health. In order to assess the level of contamination of certain meat products by coagulase-positive staphylococci and the influence of the storage temperature of these products, we conducted a study in three types...

Author(s): Mourad Hamiroune, , Mahmoud Djemal and Khelaf Saidani

Microbiological monitoring of water and Crassostrea rhizophorae in a mangrove ecosystem in Brazil

August 2017

Mangroves are considered as natural nurseries and  classified as permanent protected areas. The study area is the municipal ecological site of Ilha do Lameirão, covering 891.83 ha of mangrove forest. This area  persistently suffers from anthropic pressure. For this reason, there is the need to study and monitor the microbiological characteristics and recognition of  the main factors...

Author(s): Dandara S. Cabral,  Juliano O. Barbirato, Clarisse M. Arpini, Bárbara D. Barcellos, Katherine F. Ruas and Leonardo B. Dobbss

Production of novel antifungal compounds from actinomycetes isolated from waste dump soil in Western Uganda

August 2017

Drug resistant and opportunistic organisms are a problem to medical health due to the fact that most of the drugs that were used are now not effective. Currently, there is a need to search for new drugs that can enhance the control of these organisms. Actinomycetes and their secondary metabolites can be used as such drugs. This study was designed to isolate actinomycetes producing novel anti-fungal compounds from waste...

Author(s): Adamu Almustapha Aliero, Ibrahim Ntulume, John Odda and Matilda Angela Okech

Identification of intestinal microbiota and microbiological quality of the king weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon)

August 2017

The king weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon) has a wide geographic distribution in South America and provides a positive economic outlook for the fishing industry in Brazil. The present study aimed to identify the intestinal microbiota and bacterial strains that can increase during storage of the king weakfish. Characterization of the microbiological quality was performed on samples to identify the microflora through...

Author(s): Rafaela Cristina Barata Alves, Hamilton Mendes Figueredo, Rafaela Santos Oliveira da Silva and Lúcia de Fátima Henriques Lourenço

Midgut bacterial diversity analysis of laboratory reared and wild Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in Kenya

August 2017

Midgut symbiotic bacteria are known to play fundamental roles in the biology of mosquitoes, however knowledge of midgut bacterial communities associated with mosquitoes is scanty due to limitation of the isolation techniques based on culturing. In this study, the composition and diversity of midgut bacteria in field collected and lab reared adult female Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes was...

Author(s): Erastus Mwaringa Mwadondo, Amanuel Ghilamicael, Amos Ematiti Alakonya, and Remmy Wekesa Kasili

Effects of antifungal activity of essential oils, salts and antioxidants acids on pathogenic fungi and their application methods for controlling postharvest diseases in banana fruits

August 2017

In vitro clove essential oil (1.0%), sodium carbonate (2.0%) and sorbic, salycilic and propinic acids (0.5%) completely (100%) inhibited mycelial linear growth of Colletotrichum musae and Fusarium moniliforme, which is the cause of postharvest diseases in banana fruits. In vivo different application methods, that is, spray, soaking and dusting were tested on crown rot, neck rot, finger rot and flower end rot under...

Author(s): Zoeir H. A., El Zahaby H. M., Ziedan E. H. and Maswada H. F.

In vitro evaluation of compost extracts efficiency as biocontrol agent of date palm Fusarium wilt

August 2017

Bayoud, vascular wilt of date palm caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa), is widely distributed in all date palm growing regions of Morocco. It is the most serious disease of the date palm. Compost is recognized for their ability to improve soil characteristics and to protect the crops against biotic and abiotic stress. In this experiment, in vitro effects of different concentrations of sterilized and...

Author(s): El kinany Said,, Achbani El hassan, Haggoud Abdellatif, Ibijbijen Jamal, Belmalha Saadia, Rachidi Fouad, Echchgadda Ghizlane and Bouamri Rachid

Immunological evaluation of sequential poliovirus vaccination among Saudi and non-Saudi children living in Jeddah

August 2017

Poliomyelitis is a life-threatening acute paralytic disease caused by Poliovirus (PV). In the present study, the immunostatus of polio-vaccinated children and young adults (1 to 21 years old) living in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia was investigated to ascertain their extent of protection against the virus. Children were categorized in three groups: (A) Immunocompetent: Group I: Vaccinated by IPV at first and, Group II-...

Author(s): Sana G. Alattas,

Microbiota sampled from a polluted stream in Recife-PE, Brazil and its importance to public health

July 2017

Pollution of water bodies can cause environmental and public health problems. The Cavouco stream is a tributary of the Capibaribe River, one of the main rivers in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and receives a high pollution load from residential, laboratory and hospital effluents. The aim of the present study was to perform phenotypic and molecular characterization in this stream, and evaluate the water quality using...

Author(s): Antonio Fernando da Purificação Júnior, Lívia Caroline Alexandre de Araújo, Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes, Marcela de Araújo Sobral, Gláucia Manoella de Souza Lima, Márcia Vanusa da Silva, Maria Tereza dos Santos Correia and Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira

Detection of Chikungunya and West Nile viruses in febrile patients in Ile-Ife Osun State, Nigeria using real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

July 2017

Most patients presenting with febrile conditions are often treated for malaria, especially in the developing world, whereas some of them may be of arboviral origin as they also present with similar symptoms. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been found to be the method of choice for the early detection and confirmation of virus in clinical samples, especially where there is an overlap of...

Author(s): Adesina O. A., Japhet M. O. and Omilabu S. A.

Antagonistic effect of Anabaena fertilissima CCC597 on pathogenic Vibrio cholerae propagating in association with cyanobacterial community in freshwater bodies of Eastern Madhya Pradesh

July 2017

Various biodiversity indices revealed that Microcystis aeruginosa is a major bloom forming colonial cyanobacterium dominantly present in the examined two districts of Eastern Madhya Pradesh. Microcystis viridis, Microcystis panniformis and Microcystis botrys along with filamentous cyanobacteria Anabaena spp., Arthrospira major and Oscillatoria limosa/O. laetevirens were the other species present. Amplification of VCO1...

Author(s): Trashi Singh, Prashant Chaturvedi and Suvendra Nath Bagchi

Prevalence and resistance profile of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

July 2017

Increasing bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has become an issue of concern. A major problem of the treatment of infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae using antibiotics is the emergence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. This study aims to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and describe their resistance...

Author(s): Dissinviel Stéphane Kpoda, Nathalie Guessennd, Juste Isidore Bonkoungou, Mohamed Baguy Ouattara, Fernique Konan, Abraham Ajayi, Jacques Simpore, Rasmata Ouedraogo, Koiné Maxime Drabo, Lassana Sangare, Mireille Dosso and Alfred Traore

Biological control of potential antagonistic bacteria isolates to restrict Magnaporthe grisea infection on rice

July 2017

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe grisea, frequently affects rice in the world. This research is intended to screen biological control agents for controlling M. grisea, referencing the study biological control agents testing approaches, since biological control is an environmentally friendly plant disease controlling approach. 710 bacterial isolates were discovered from rice tissues, of which hopeful biological control...

Author(s): David P. Tokpah, , Hongwei Li, John T. Newmah, Zipporah Page, Zogbo Luther, Charles F. King, Melissa S.  Smith and Victor M. Voor

Improvement of decontamination and isolation protocols for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) from raw milk samples

July 2017

Most protocols regarding sample decontamination for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) isolation are based on the MAP detection from feces and not milk. The choice of the best decontamination protocol is crucial to a successful MAP isolation. In this study, 36 combinations of variables for sample decontamination and MAP isolation from raw milk presented in the literature were carried out on milk...

Author(s): Isabel Azevedo Carvalho, David Germano Gonçalves Schwarz, Pricila Aparecida Grasse Pietralonga, Ana Carolina Silva Faria, Juaci Vitória Malaquias and Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira

Purification and molecular characterization of chitinases from soil actinomycetes

July 2017

Microbial extracellular chitinases are used in agriculture as effective biocontrol agents and in waste degradation, pharmaceutical and food industry. Actinomycetes are widely tapped group for production of extracellular chitinases. In the present study, approximately 260 actinomycetes were isolated from various ecological habitats was subjected to primary analyses and screened for production of chitinase by plate assay...

Author(s): Payal Das, Prateek Kumar, Munendra Kumar, Renu Solanki and Monisha Khanna Kapur

Effect of the fermentation on the microbial population occurring during the processing of zoom-koom, a traditional beverage in Burkina Faso

July 2017

Zoom-koom is a traditional fermented beverage from Burkina Faso based on cereals such as millet or sorghum. Samples were collected from two local production sites of microenterprises (Zogona and Dassasgho). Microorganisms dynamic during the production of zoom-koom were enumerated using pour plate methods. The titratable acidity, pH and temperature of fermentation were determined using respectively titrimetric and...

Author(s): Fidèle Wend-bénédo TAPSOBA, Hagrétou SAWADOGO-LINGANI, Donatien KABORE, Diarra COMPAORE-SEREME, and Mamoudou Hama DICKO

Bacteriological quality of drinking water from source to point of use among rural communities of Farta Woreda in North West, Ethiopia

July 2017

Access to safe water is a universal need. However, many of the world’s population lack access to adequate and safe water. Consumption of contaminated water with viruses, bacteria and parasites causes health risk to the public and the situation is serious in rural areas. So this study is aimed at assessing the bacteriological quality of drinking water at source and point of use among rural Communities of Farta...

Author(s): Genet Gedamu Kassie and Desta Haftu  Hayelom

Evaluation of semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mannan antigen detection compared to blood culture for diagnosis of candidemia

July 2017

Invasive Candida infections have emerged as an important pathogen in the last decade, especially in immunocompromized patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the detection of Candida species in blood samples from pediatric patients with sepsis by blood culture method versus antigen detection method by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and molecular method by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This...

Author(s): Nashwa M. Al-Kasaby, Nermein Abou El Kheir, Mohammed Mefreh and Maysaa El Sayed Zaki

Antibiofilm activity of natural substances derived from plants

July 2017

The main objective of this study was to conduct a review of bioactive substances derived from plants which show antimicrobial/antibiofilm properties. Vegetable species were widely employed as ingredients in medicine based on traditional knowledge. Various secondary metabolites have been proven to inhibit bacterial growth. Bacterial resistance mechanisms have increased over the years. Biofilms are types of bacterial...

Author(s): José Walter Araújo Nogueira, Renata Albuquerque Costa, Magda Turini da Cunha and Theodora Thays Arruda Cavalcante

In vitro efficacies and durabilities of antibiotic/vitamin C coated hemodialysis catheters

July 2017

Catheter associated bloodstream infections, exit-site infections, and tunnel infections are common complications related to hemodialysis central venous catheter use. Effective antimicrobial coating of catheters that can inhibit device colonization has the potential of preventing clinical infection. The study investigated in vitro the antimicrobial efficacies of hemodialysis catheters impregnated with an antibiofilm...

Author(s): Maria Refaat Boushra, Reham Ali Ibrahem, Gamal Fadl Gad and Hassan Mohammed Mohi El-Din

Prevalence of pathogenic and antibiotics resistant Escherichia coli from effluents of a slaughterhouse and a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Dakar

July 2017

The aim of this study was to detect and characterize pathogenic and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from slaughterhouse wastewater and the effluents of a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Dakar, Senegal. Genetic markers associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) were screened in 268 E. coli isolates from slaughterhouse and 272 E. coli...

Author(s): Alpha Amadou Diallo, Delphine Bibbal, Fatou Tall Lô, Mbaye Mbengue, Mohamed Moustapha Sarr, Moussa Diouf, Yacine Sambe, Monique Kérourédan, Rianatou Alambédji, Yaya Thiongane, Eric Oswald and Hubert Brugère

Community knowledge and attitudes on antibiotic use in Moshi Urban, Northern Tanzania: Findings from a cross sectional study

July 2017

There is increasing and spread of antibacterial resistance to antibiotics worldwide. The level of knowledge and attitudes of the community regarding the use of antibiotics in Tanzania is unknown. The present study identified determinants of knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotics use in Moshi Urban district, Northern Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2016 among community members...

Author(s): Goodluck Mbwambo, Basiliana Emidi, Maseke R. Mgabo, Geofrey Nimrod Sigalla, and Debora C. Kajeguka

Development of the fly ‘crop vessel’ bioassay for fly/microbial studies

July 2017

The dipteran crop has been implicated in many fly/microbe associations. In most cases, reports merely identify that the microbe(s) in question is(are) found inside the crop, but very few studies have focused on their long-term presence within the crop. Possibly, one of the main reasons for this is that flies usually regurgitate their crop contents, which makes it difficult to do long-term studies. Because of this, an in...

Author(s): Lufan Wang, John G. Stoffolano Jr. and Lynne Mclandsborough

Biosorption of fireworks pollutants by indigenous soil fungi from Sivakasi, India

June 2017

Sivakasi a notable industrial town, which is known for its fireworks industries that accounts 70% of the country's yield. Besides largest production, release of the wide range of deleterious chemicals increases the concern about environmental conservation. Fungi are the eukaryotic organism which has enormous metabolite profile. These distinct features of fungi made excessive attention towards the mycoremediation....

Author(s): Neethimohan Malaieswari, Subramanian Mugesh, Ponnan Arumugam, Maruthamuthu Murugan

Microbial degradation of pesticide: A review

June 2017

Excessive use of pesticides has been known to be hazardous to the environment, affect soil fertility as well may impart toxicity in living beings. Presently there have been physical, chemical, biological and enzymatic approaches implicated to reduce pesticides. Although aimed to eradicate, physical and chemical methods are inefficient. Curiously, microbial pesticide remediation has been cost effective and...

Author(s): Satish G. Parte, Ashokrao D. Mohekar and Arun S. Kharat

Promising biosurfactant produced by a new Candida tropicalis UCP 1613 strain using substrates from renewable-resources

June 2017

The current work aimed to use agro-industrial wastes as a strategy to obtain biosurfactant from a new Candida tropicalis UCP 1613 isolated from mangrove sediments of Rio Formoso, Pernambuco State, Brazil. The yeast was identified based on 18S rRNA sequencing method and blast homology search. The promising strain showed the ability to use an optimal composition of a cheap medium containing whey (3%), cassava wastewater...

Author(s): Daylin Rubio-Ribeaux, Rosileide Fontenele da Silva Andrade, Goretti Sônia da Silva, Rodrigo Assunção de Holanda, Milagre Americo Pele, Patricia Nunes, José Carlos Vilar Junior, Maria Aparecida de Resende-Stoianoff and G. M. Campos-Takaki

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Klebsiella isolates from clinical samples in a Saudi hospital

June 2017

Klebsiella infection is often the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Resistance pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility to commonly prescribed drugs were studied in Klebsiella isolates from a hospital in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Clinical samples were collected from 6840 patients and screened for Klebsiella species over a period of 14 months. The strains were identified using microbiological and biochemical tests...

Author(s): Samah Ghanem, , Hatem M. El Shafey, , El Kelani A. Tamer and Nikhat Manzoor,

Effectiveness of Pseudomonas species in the management of tomato early blight pathogen Alternaria solani

June 2017

Management of tomato early blight pathogen (Alternaria solani) has relied principally on application of synthetic fungicides. The use of biological control agents has been recognized as a viable option to synthetic chemicals in plant disease control. The present study evaluated the effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, P. putida, and P. cepacia on tomato early blight pathogen and investigated their efficacy...

Author(s): Abiodun Joseph, Osaretin Best Igbinosa, Elizabeth Tope Alori, Benson Oluwafemi Ademiluyi and Ajibola Patrick Aluko

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