Storage behaviour and functionality of a heat stabilized starter derived from an African opaque sorghum beer
November 2016
Tchoukoutou is a traditional sorghum opaque beer produced and consumed in Benin. It is obtained from an uncontrolled fermentation of sorghum wort using a traditional starter called “kpete-kpete”. The present study assessed the effects of storage duration on the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics as well as on the functional properties of the heat stabilized starter produced from...
Selection of anti-wetting agents and photoprotectants compatible with a soybean weed control bioagent
November 2016
Adjuvants incorporation at formulations can positively influence the performance of bioagent control, contributing to preservation of the inoculum until being used. Adjuvants should not be toxic to pathogen and tests that evaluate the sensitivity of biologic products are essential. The aim of this study was to analyze the compatibility of the anti-wetting agents microcrystalline cellulose, anhydrous sodium carbonate,...
Extended spectrum-β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae causing urinary tract infection
November 2016
Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae causing urinary tract infection (UTI) constitutes a significant therapeutic challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urine samples. Clinical isolates of multidrug resistant Gram negative rods (n=102) were taken from urine...
Cyclic depsipeptide producing fluorescent pseudomonads exerts antifungal activity against fungal pathogens of maize (Zea mays)
November 2016
Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) with antibiotic, biosurfactant producing fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from sugar beet-maize intercropped in sandy loam soils at Maize Research Station, Vagarai, TNAU. Approximately 20 fluorescent pseudomonads from sandy loam soils were isolated by using two different growth media. The strains were distinguished based on their growth, CFU/g, fluorescence, and pigment production....
In vitro antimicrobial activity of three medicinal plants of Ethiopia against some selected bacterial isolates
November 2016
Medicinal plants constitute natural source of antimicrobial drugs that will provide essential compounds to fight against disease. In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of Moringa stenopetala, Thymus serrulatus, and Terminalia brownii were investigated against selected pathogenic Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In vitro antibacterial activities of the ethanol extracts were tested at a...
Enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi A: An emerging health concern in Nepal
November 2016
Enteric fever is an invasive life-threatening systemic disease caused by the Salmonella enterica human-adapted serovars typhi and paratyphi. Increased incidence of infection with S. enterica serovar paratyphi A poses a significant health concern in some areas of the world. In this study, the incidence of enteric fever confirmed by isolation of Salmonella paratypi A or S. typhi from blood cultures of patients presenting...
Analysis of high levels of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli from healthy broiler chickens in Western Algeria
November 2016
One hundred and two Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy broiler chickens collected from April 2012 to November 2014 in seven geographic areas of western Algeria were studied. Susceptibility pattern to 11 antimicrobial agents was determined by disk diffusion method as recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Antibiograms revealed high levels of resistance to quinolones and...
Production of fermented sweet potato flour using indigenous starter cultures
November 2016
The present study develop various microorganisms for starter culture purpose from fermented sweet potato and used the developed starters in the fermentation of sweet potato and products for consistent quality product with improved hygiene. Sweet potato was purchased from different markets and microorganisms were isolated and developed as starters. Comparative studies on different starters for the fermentation of sweet...
Microbiological evaluation of drinking water available in schools in Cruz das Almas, Brazil
November 2016
The current study assessed the drinkability of water in 25 schools in Cruz das Almas BA Brazil. Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, mesophylls and psichrotrophic bacteria were evaluated, coupled with color, turbidity, free residual chlorine, dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demands. Water samples were collected at four sites: the first tap within the supply network or within the alternative supply...
Physiochemical evaluation and liability of dromedary camel’s milk in combating various pathogens
November 2016
Dromedary camel’s milk is a natural source of probiotics; enzymes and secondary metabolites that have the ability to combat many pathogens. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of filtered and non-filtered dromedary camel’s milk activity against various pathogens. Filtered and non-filtered (raw and boiled) dromedary milk was assessed against different pathogens by using agar well diffusion...
Sensory, microbiological and physico-chemical characterization of Klila, a traditional cheese made in the south-west of Algeria
November 2016
Klila, an Algerian cheese produced in steppe and mountainous areas, is proving increasingly popular with consumers. It is traditionally made with ewe, goat or cow milk, leading to a product with high dry matter content (> 90%). In this work, we have characterized three different Klila cheeses made with the three different milks using physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. A triangle test was also...
Anti-biofilm activity of ibuprofen and diclofenac against some biofilm producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae uropathogens
October 2016
Ibuprofen (IBU) and Diclofenac (DIC) are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which have shown to have broad antimicrobial activity and limit biofilm formation. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of IBU and DIC against biofilm formation strong strains Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs). Additionally some virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, ESBL...
Pneumonia in Algerian Ouled Djellal sheep: Bacteriological study and macroscopic aspect of lung lesions
October 2016
Respiratory diseases in sheep are a multifactorial etiology syndrome, causing great economic losses. This study was carried out with the aim of establishing a bacteriological diagnosis of respiratory diseases in sheep, on the basis of lungs with macroscopic lesions taken from sheep slaughtered at the Blida abattoir. A total of 150 samples (swabs and lung parenchyma) from 75 Ouled Djellal sheep, aged six to twelve months...
External ocular bacterial infections among Sudanese children at Khartoum State, Sudan
October 2016
Ocular infections are widespread and they exert heavy burden on eye health. Virtually, any eye component can be infected by a diversity of bacteria. The present study was performed to determine the prevalence of external ocular bacterial infections and to find out antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates at eye care hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan. Two hundred and four corneal scrape and drained pus...
Microbiological and molecular characterization of environmental mycobacterium strains isolated from the Buruli ulcer endemic and non-endemic zones in Côte d’Ivoire
October 2016
Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU), the causative agent of Buruli ulcer (BU), skin disease, is considered to be an environmental pathogen. The pathogenic virulence of MU is being linked to the expression of toxin called Mycolactone. Genetic analyses have shown the high diversity with variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU) in M. ulcerans and in mycolactone producing...
Efficacy of biocontrol agents in the management of head rot of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
October 2016
Head rot of cabbage caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum leads to rotting of fully matured cabbage heads in the field. In the present study the antagonistic effects of twenty Bacillus isolates was tested against S. sclerotiorum in vitro. Eight effective Bacillus isolates obtained from studies in vitro, commercial formulations of Trichoderma viride isolate TV-1 and Pseudomonas fluoroscens isolate Pf-1along with a fungicide...
Effect of gamma irradiation (Co60) in the control of Campylobacter sp. in chilled chicken (Gallus gallus) heart
October 2016
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the irradiation process in the control of Campylobacter spp. in chilled chicken heart samples, since this microorganism is related to the contamination of meat and chicken giblets and is responsible for enteritis in humans. The methodology and standards recommended by RDC no. 12 (Brazil, 2001) were applied for the bacteriological analyses. The chilled chicken heart...
Soil enzyme activities and soil microbe population as influenced by long-term fertilizer management during the barley growth in Hunan Province, China
October 2016
The effects of long-term fertilizer management on soil enzyme activities and soil microbe population under double-cropping paddy fields in southern China was studied. The purpose of this study was to explore the changes of soil enzyme activities and soil microbe population as related to mineral fertilizer and manure and rice residue based on a long-term field experiment. The experiment was initiated in 1986 and...
Effectiveness of augmented consortia of Bacillus coagulans, Citrobacter koseri and Serratia ficaria in the degradation of diesel polluted soil supplemented with pig dung
October 2016
Laboratory studies were developed to compare the effectiveness of inoculated bacteria consortia and indigenous microorganisms on diesel-polluted soil for 18 days. Bacteria isolated from the unpolluted soil sample were: Pseudomonas spp. (LBI), Pseudomonas cepacia (LB5), Micrococcus luetus (LB2), Bacillus subtilis (LB3) and Bacillus cereus (LB4). Their ability to degrade different substrates were first studied by the...
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Egyptian hospitals
October 2016
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen and a leading cause of hospital- acquired infections. Characterization of the isolates from different infection sites might help to control infections caused by the pathogen. The aim of the present work is to characterize P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from different clinical specimens at two hospitals in Cairo with regard to their antibiogram,...
Bacterial association and oral biofilm formation: A bibliometric analysis
October 2016
Biofilms are complex aggregations of microorganisms formed in any situation where there is contact with superfaces solids, liquids or gases. This study aims to map the international scientific literature on the formation, bacterial adhesion, prevention and treatment of oral biofilms. There were 921 published articles in 274 different journals indexed in the Web of Science, in the 1991-2015 year period. These articles...
Campylobacter in sheep, calves and broiler chickens in the central region of Algeria: Phenotypic and antimicrobial resistance profiles
October 2016
The study was conducted in four slaughterhouses in Bouira Province, central region of Algeria. Campylobacter in the main food animals (sheep, calves and broilers) were studied to evaluate the prevalence, phenotypic characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains. Out of 200 sheep, 200 calves and 100 broilers swab samples collected. 150 strains were isolated and identified. A study of sensitivity to 14...
Effects of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) serum against plaque bacteria
October 2016
Dental caries is an infectious disease caused by plaque bacteria, especially Streptoccus mutans. Many studies were conducted to develop methods or material for dental caries prevention. It was using passive immunization that will produce specific antibodies. Yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) is antibody in the serum and egg yolk. This study aimed to determine the effect of IgY serum against the growth of dental plaque bacterial...
Impact of land use and soil types on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in tropical soil of India
October 2016
A study was undertaken along land use gradients with different soil types in subtropical ecosystem of Northern India to evaluate the accurance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The gradients was from natural land with forest tree, farmer’s field under chemically managed, farmer’s field under organically managed and Industrial wasteland with five different plant species. We investigate the total AMF...
Development and evaluation of sundae-type “Coalhada†containing Lactobacillus paracasei and blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) preparation
October 2016
“Coalhada” is a type of fermented milk (made with Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis spp. cremoris) very popular in Brazil, which is widely consumed due to its pleasant texture and mild taste and aroma. Its acceptance is possible to increase by adding a fruit preparation. Fermented milk is the most common food matrix used for delivery probiotic bacteria, which are able to survive to the...
Modification of pathogenic microbiota and histology of gastrointestinal tract of Archachatina marginata (Swainson, 1821) by Carica papaya seed meal
October 2016
This study investigated the bactericidal efficacy of the ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seed on snail gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota and associated histological changes. The bacterial isolates were characterized based on colony morphology, culture characteristics and biochemical tests. Each portion of the gut was further subjected to histological examination to ascertain the effect of this extract on the...
Assessment of the microbial quality of some oral liquid herbal medicines marketed in Ile-Ife, South-western Nigeria
October 2016
The extensive use of herbal medicinal products in the treatment and management of disease states within communities in Ile-Ife, south western Nigeria has made it imperative to investigate the microbial quality of a sample of these products in the light of the standards prescribed by regulatory bodies. This study was therefore carried out to assess the microbial quality of locally prepared and unregistered herbal oral...
Soil bacteriological pollution in pig farm vicinity: Assessment of bacterial dynamics and detection of antimicrobial resistance gene
October 2016
Emissions of biological contaminants (microbes) from intensive pig farming may cause environmental problems due to lack of proper waste management. This work was conducted to assess bacteriological pollution of soil in pig farm and to detect the presence of antibiotic resistance gene of the prevailing bacteria. Soil samples were collected from March to August 2013. The method included bacterial enumeration (10 -1 to 10...
Bacteria associated with sugarcane in Northeastern Brazil
October 2016
Sugarcane has a high demand in nitrogen, increasing costs and causing damages to the environment. It is necessary to find alternatives to reduce nitrogen fertilizers use. Diazotrophic bacteria have capacity to promote growth in grass with potential to fix N2 and solubilize inorganic phosphate. This study aimed to evaluate bacterial community associated with different sugarcane varieties in Northeastern Brazil, select...
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella species from ready-to-eat foods from catering establishments in Jigjiga City, Ethiopia
October 2016
Food-borne pathogens are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Changes in eating habits, mass catering, unsafe food storage conditions and poor hygiene practices are major contributing factors to food associated illnesses. In Ethiopia, the widespread habit of ready-to-eat food consumption is potential cause of food borne illnesses. The present study aimed at investigating the prevalence...
Production and characteristics of bioflocculant TPT-1 from a consortium of Bacillus pumilus JX860616 and Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2
October 2016
The combination of microorganisms in consortia enhances high bioflocculant yields. The study aimed at producing and characterising bioflocculant from Bacillus pumilus JX860616 and Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2. Bioflocculant TPT-1 was obtained through ethanol extraction after optimum conditions were established. The characteristics of the bioflocculant TPT-1 were obtained by scanning electron microscope equipped with...
Occurrence and susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter isolated from environmental water sources
October 2016
Environmental waters are established sources of Campylobacter infections in humans. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution and susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter species isolated from irrigation and domestic water sources in Ghana. Samples were pre-enriched with CCDA broth and isolated on mCCDA agar. Isolates were confirmed on API CAMPY kit and with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method to determine...
Fungi toxic efficiency of some plant volatile essential oils against plant pathogenic fungi
October 2016
Plant essential oils have the potential to replace the synthetic fungicides in the management of different fungal diseases. Four different essential oils of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), citronella (Cymbopogon citrate), karanj (Pongamia pinnata) and neem (Azadirachta indica) were selected because of their high inhibitory activities against ten phytopathogenic fungi. The antifungal screening for all the four Eos...
Screening endophytic actinobacteria with potential antifungal activity against Bipolaris sorokiniana and growth promotion of wheat seedlings
September 2016
Actinobacteria secrete substances that limit or inhibit the growth of plant pathogenic fungi and may be used in the biocontrol of these microorganisms. The aim of this study was to characterize physiological and enzymatic activity of endophytic actinobacteria, evaluate their antifungal activity against Bipolaris sorokiniana root colonization, and evaluate their efficiency in promoting the growth of wheat seedlings....
Effect of temperature, pH and substrate composition on production of lipopeptides by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 629
September 2016
The lipopeptides surfactin, fengycin and iturin produced by Bacillus species have diverse ecological roles, including antimicrobial activity, induced systemic resistance in plants against pathogens and plant colonization by the producing strain. The conditions that govern both lipopeptide production and plant colonization are not fully understood. The present study investigated the role of growth media, temperature and...
Isolation, screening and statistical optimizing of L-methioninase production by Chaetomium globosum
September 2016
Egyptian soil sample was screened for isolation methioninlytic fungi by a rapid plate assay procedure. Eighteen strains of different isolated fungi were screened quantitavely for their L-methioninase activity. Chaetomium globosum was the most efficacious isolate and a dematiaceous filamentous fungi, it was identified at the molecular level by ribotyping 18S rRNA along with the biochemical characterization, and...
Isolation and identification of potential probiotic bacteria on surfaces of Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus from around Kampala, Uganda
September 2016
Increased fish mortality due to infections has forced most farmers to resort the use of chemotherapeutic agents especially antibiotics. The continued use of these drugs in aquaculture is becoming limited as pathogens develop resistance and infer unpredicted long term public health effects. More research efforts are building to identify alternative disease prevention methods, among which the use of probiotics has been...
Rapid microbiological tests for prospecting new fungal strains with high potentiality for the pectinolytic enzymes production
September 2016
Prospecting of new isolates producers of pectinolitic enzymes were performed with cultivation of substrates of rice, soybean and corn bran. Pectinolitic enzymes were observed in cultures of the isolates NFC 1, NFC 2, NFC 4, NFC 5 and NFC 6 identified as belonging to the genus Aspergillus sp. Isolates NFR 1, NFR 2 and NFS1 were identified as belonging to the genus Rhizopus and NFC 3 belonging to the genus Cladosporium;...
Halophile isolation to produce halophilic protease, protease production and testing crude protease as a detergent ingredient
September 2016
Halophilic enzymes are potentially useful in many industries, particularly in food fermentation, pharmaceutical, textile, and leather for the treatment of saline and hypersaline wastewaters. In this study, a halophilic bacterium was isolated from saltpan environment, and was identified as Bacillus sp. Mk22 through biochemical test and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. During protease screening, the isolates produced 24 mm clear...
Microbial community structure and chemical composition from dark earth in a native archaeological site of the lower Amazon
September 2016
The microbial community structure from dark earth in a native archaeological site of the Lower Amazon was analyzed by PCR-DGGE, using 16S rRNA gene for prokaryote population and 18S rDNA and ITS regions (using clamp GC) for the eukaryote population. The bands were excised from gel and re-amplified for sequencing. The diversity found according to the region of amplification showed same profiles for the two primers pairs....
An in vitro evaluation of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.) and Siwak (Salvadora persica) extracts for controlling the foulbrood pathogens of honeybee
September 2016
Instead of the synthetic antibiotics, the antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of both Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.) and Siwak (Salvadora persica) plants was evaluated against the foulbrood bacteria under the laboratory conditions. To the study knowledge, it is the first time to evaluate Siwak plant against the foulbrood diseases. The major antimicrobial constituents (total phenolics, flavonoids and...
Histamine and microbiological changes during storage of semi-preserved anchovies
September 2016
During the various stages of manufacture of semi-preserved anchovies, histamine shows a significant increase favored by the fragility of anchovies and wealth histidine, an amino acid precursor of histamine. The decarboxylation of histidine is present as a major problem in the industry of semi-preserved anchovies, especially during the ripening step. The objective of this work is to monitor the levels of alteration in a...
Prevalence and molecular typing of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii isolates from Laghouat Hospital, Algeria
September 2016
The antibiotic resistance of enterobacteriacae knows a worldwide worrying evolution with an increase of the extended-spectrum β-lactamases. The present study was to determine the prevalence and molecular typing of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter freundii, isolated between January 2010 and December 2012, at the Laghouat...
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus from lactating cow’s milk in Bahir Dar dairy farms
September 2016
Staphylococcus aureus is competitive in milk and dairy environments; pathogenic strains have been found to cause disease in their host throughout the world. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and determine their antibiotic susceptibility from lactating cow milk. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar dairy farms from October 2012 to March 2013. A total of 218...
Molecular genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating in Dakar, Senegal
September 2016
Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease, in which epidemiologic monitoring by molecular approaches is a critical element of prevention and control. The population structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) in Senegal was last described in the 1970’s using biochemical methods. In this present study, we applied molecular approaches to genotype M. tuberculosis isolates from active pulmonary...
Performance of dried blood spot (DBS) PUNCHER and dried blood spots to measure HIV-1 viral load
September 2016
The use of plasma is an obstacle to realize HIV-1 viral load in sub-Saharan Africa. In this context, the dried blood spot (DBS) is an interesting tool for sample collections. This approach was tested using a DBS hole-punch device (PUNCHER). Plasma and DBS samples were obtained from 102 patients, comprising 17 HIV-1 negative patients and 85 HIV-1 infected patients. The PUNCHER’s performance used to cut DBS was...
Clinico-mycological profiles of dermatophytosis in Jaipur, India
September 2016
Dermatophytosis poses a serious crisis to the socio-economically backward population. The infections are caused by three anamorphic genera; Epidermophyton, Trichophyton and Microsporum which are distributed around the world. The objective of this study was to find out the occurrence, distribution and prevalence of dermatophytes causing human dermatomycosis in various categories of patients in Jaipur (Rajasthan), India....
Some parasitic copepods of selected Teleost and Chondrichthyan fishes from the Tunisian gulfs
September 2016
The examination of 415 specimen belonging to twelve species of Teleostean fish and 339 specimen belonging to seven species of Chondrichthyan fish collected from the Tunisian coasts, it enabled us to identify 10 species of parasitic copepods: Lernaeopoda galei, Lernaeocera lusci, Neobrachiella merluccii, Hatschekia mulli, Caligus elongatus, Caligus pageti, Neobrachiella mugilis, Clavellotis fallax, Clavelissa pagri and...
Importance of biofilm in medical sciences: With special reference to uropathogens
September 2016
Biofilm formation is a well organised, genetically-driven process, well characterized for numerous bacterial species which plays important role in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Adherence is a key event initiating each step in UTI pathogenesis. Such UTIs are difficult to treat owing to increased drug resistance within the biofilm cells. The review is mainly focused on biofilm-growing microorganisms because this form...
Characterization of antifungal Paenibacillus illinoisensis strain UKCH21 and its chitinolytic properties
September 2016
Paenibacillus strain, UKCH21, isolated from Uttarakhand State, north western Indian Himalayas was found to produce high levels of extracellular chitinases. The 16s rRNA gene sequence showed 100% homology with P. illinoisensis (Accession No. KR856190) available in the public domain and further phylogenetic study also verified the species identity. The culture supernatants have a maximum chitinase activity of 110.8...
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