Articles
Page 4 of 1166, showing 50 records out of 58272 total, starting on record 151, ending on 200
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Physiological potential of lettuce seeds crespa
The present work aimed to evaluate the germination, emergence, vigor and initial development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars. Nine cultivars belonging to the crespa group, Cinderella, Monica SF 31, Mimosa (Salad Bowl), Veneranda, Brava, Cerbiatta (Catalonha), Itapua Super, Itaúna Prisée, Simpson and Vitória de Verão were used. The experiment was conducted to ensure the accuracy of...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Changes in livelihood strategies and animal husbandry practices of pastoralists in the sub-humid zone of West Africa
Migration to and sedentarization in the sub-humid zone of Burkina Faso has become a major adaptation measure of Sahelian pastoralists to the severe droughts and in response to a rapidly changing socio-economic environment. This study is aimed at assessing livelihoods and livestock husbandry practices as a consequence of pastoralist sedentarization. The study sites were located in the Sudano-Sahelian and Sudanian zone of...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Comparison of proximate, mineral and phytochemical composition of enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) landraces used for a different purpose
Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) is one of the oldest cultivated food security crops in Ethiopia. There are a number of enset landraces used for traditional medicine. These landraces are believed to have better minerals and phytochemical compositions, which are not proved scientifically. The objective of this study was to compare the proximate, mineral and phytochemical compositions of corms of enset...
July 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Phytochemical screening, chromatographic profile and evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of three species of the Cyperaceae Juss. Family
Some species of the family Cyperaceae have been studied extensively for presenting bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest. Thus, the present research aimed to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and chemical constituents of Kyllinga odorata Vahl, Oxycaryum cubensis Poepp. & Kunth and Rhynchospora nervosa Boeck. Hydroalcoholic extracts (1:1, v:v) of aerial and underground parts. These species were...
July 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of the ethanol extract of Momordica charantia L. and the identification of charantine by gas chromatography coupled with Mass spectrometry
The aerial parts of Momordica charantia L. are very often used in traditional Congolese medicine for their multiple virtues. Our study focused on the identification of a well-known antidiabetic molecule: the charantine and also the antidiabetic properties of the ethanol extract of M. charantia L. After being treated with MSTFA (N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide) and using gas chromatography-Mass...
July 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Phytochemical analysis and investigation of sedative-hypnotic activity of methanolic stem bark extract of Ficus abutilifolia in mice
Most of the sedative drugs cause dose-dependent depression of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to hypnosis and possibly anaesthesia, however, these agents are associated with some side effects ranging from digestive, respiratory, immune system dysfunctions, cognitive function deterioration, tolerance, and physical dependence, hence investigations of newer and safer agents is therefore imperative. The current...
July 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Aflatoxin M1 in cheese samples from the Amazon Region
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a mycotoxin that can be found in cheeses and makes the monitoring of this food of public health interesting. In Brazil, the Amazon region has a cattle herd with dairy production of cheese, and an evaluation of the food and its risk to the population is required. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of AFM1, moisture content (mc) and water activity (aw) in different cheeses types,...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Physico-chemical characterization and kinetics of drying of organic yellow bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
The bell pepper has many qualities, but it has a high water content, favoring the occurrence of deteriorating reactions and the growth of microorganisms; however, it is possible to use drying as a conservation method. The objective of this study is to perform the kinetics of organic yellow bell pepper drying at different drying air temperatures, to adjust the data obtained to the empirical models and to evaluate the...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effect of cropping system, seed treatment and planting date on Striga hermonthica infetstaion and growth and yield of sorghum
Striga hermonthica is a serious biotic constraint to sorghum production in sub-Saharan Africa but the use of cropping system, seed treatment and appropriate planting dates might help to control the weed. Two years trial was conducted at the Federal University of Technology Minna research farm. The objective was to evaluate the effect of intercropping system, seed treatment, and planting date in integrated management of...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Light effects on growth and essential oil quantity and constituents in some Apiaceae plants
The Apiaceae family known for vegetable crops rich in essential oils, includes numerous genera of high medicinal and economic value. This study investigates the effects of red and far-red light treatments through the dark period (night-break), on the growth characteristics, essential oil quantity and composition, in Coriandrum sativum L., Anethum graveolens L., and Petroselinum crispum. Treatments began 20 days after...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effects of conservation tillage on maize (Zea mays L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) chlorophyll, sugars and yields in humic nitisols soils of Embu County, Kenya
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of conservation tillage (CT) practices on leaf chlorophyll content, sugars and yields of Zea mays L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. for two consecutive cropping seasons at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization farm in Embu County, Kenya. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with 9 treatments replicated 3 times. The treatments...
July 2019
International Journal of Physical Sciences
Mineralogical and major oxide characterization of Panyam clays, North - Central Nigeria
Clay minerals are form over long periods of time, through weathering as a result of gradual chemical breakdown of rocks rich in feldspar. The extent of weathering is determined by many factors. Most common constituent mineral of clays is often one of the members of the mica mineral group. They include illite, sericite, muscovite, and biotite. Others are kaolinite, smectite, mixed-layer clays and chlorite. This...
July 2019
Scientific Research and Essays
Assessment of ecosystem services in the Wildlife Reserve of Togodo (South East of Togo, West Africa) and vulnerability-adaptation of surrounding communities to climate variability and change effects
This study aims at contributing to the vulnerability and adaptation to climate changes (CC) analysis of bordering communities of Togodo Reserve, in order to enhance their resilience. Specifically, the present study attempted to (i) identify the climatic hazards of the WRT; (ii) determine the impacts of climate variability and change on their livelihoods; (iii) assess the socio-economic vulnerability of these...
July 2019
Scientific Research and Essays
The importance of undergraduate coursework in student success at South Carolina medical institutions
The importance of undergraduate coursework in determining medical school student readiness reaches far beyond preparation to take the standardized Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT®). Since medical schools employ a rigorous and fast-paced learning system to instruct prospective medical students on (A) didactic information in the basic sciences and (B) the critical methodology of clinical practice, it is...
July 2019
Scientific Research and Essays
Diurnal variation of F2-layer critical frequency under solar activity recurrent conditions during solar cycles 21 and 22 at Ouagadougou Station: Prediction
with IRI-2012
This paper presents foF2 data recorded at Ouagadougou Ionosonde Station and compares them with IRI-2012 model results through its two subroutines, Union Radio Scientifique Internationale (URSI) and Comité Consultatif International des Radio Communications (CCIR) during recurrent solar activity. Except for the solar cycle maximum period, measured data profiles corroborate with the signatures of E×B drift....
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Enhancing agricultural research within West Africa using sensor-based technologies
The global population of the world is on an exponential increase, expected to surpass 9 billion by the year 2050. This places a huge demand on food securities and the need to address the challenges facing food security. Sensor-based techniques [e.g., Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy] have enhanced the understanding and diagnosis of several disease conditions, including cancers and are increasingly being applied...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Chemical attributes of the soil and agronomic characteristics of maize as a monocrop and intercropped with herbaceous and woody legumes in the savannah of Roraima, Brazil
Several studies seek to identify management systems that promote an increase in soil quality. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combinations of herbaceous and woody legumes on the productivity of green maize and the chemical attributes of the soil. The research was developed over two crop years (2016 and 2017). The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with three replications...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Efficiency of Cajanus cajan in different sowing densities on soil compacting
This research conducted in the District of Concepción, Concepción Department, Paraguay, involved the use of a randomized complete block design consisting of four treatments and five repetitions. The general objective was to evaluate the effect of Cajanus cajan L. species with different planting densities on soil compaction and as specific objectives; measure the compaction of the soil at the beginning and...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Assessment of pre and post-harvest management practices on coffee (Coffea arabica L.) quality determining factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
In Gedeo zone, coffee quality is declining from time to time due to several improper pre and post-harvest management practices. Therefore, this study was designed with the objective of assessing impact of pre and post-harvest management practices on Coffea arabica L. quality determining factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Totally, 90 household respondents were used from three Woredas and selected purposively....
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effect of weed management with glyphosate on growth and early yield of young cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Ghana
Weeds are a limitation to cocoa production, and herbicide use in cocoa cultivation is known to lower the cost of weed management and support better plant growth. As a result, glyphosate was recommended for use in cocoa cultivation following a two-year field trial at the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana. Recent informal debates among scientists and farmers, however, point towards a disagreement regarding the effect of...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Evaluation of the Papaya´s maturation degree by electrical impedance
The economic importance of Papaya for fruit producers reinforces the idea of alternative (non-invasive and low cost) strategies to measure fruit ripening. In this work, it has been evaluated the kinetics of ripening degree of Papaya based on alternative and non-invasive electrical impedance method that is compared with conventional techniques (mechanical assays, determination of total soluble solids and titratable...
July 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Evaluation of acute toxicity and sub-acute toxicity of the methanolic extract of Aloe rabaiensis Rendle in BALB/c mice
This study was undertaken to evaluate preclinical acute and sub-acute toxicity of Aloe rabaiensis leaf methanolic extract (ARLME) on BALB/c mice following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively. In an acute oral toxicity test, ARLME was administered to the mice by oral gavage at a single dose of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight. The mice were observed for toxic signs for 14 days. In sub-acute oral...
July 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
In vitro antiproliferative potential of Annona senegalensis Pers. and Allophylus africanus P Beauv. plant extracts against selected cancer cell lines
The medicinal plants Annona senegalensis Pers. and Allophylus africanus P Beauv. are used in Tanzania traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. However, there is no scientific documentation on their therapeutic effectiveness. The present study evaluated antiproliferative potential as an indicator of anticancer activity of A. senegalensis and A. africanus plant species from Tanzania. A. senegalensis and A....
July 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya leaves using Paramphistomum cervi and Haemonchus contortus
The aim of this present study is to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of leaves extracts of Carica papaya using Paramphistomum cervi and Haemonchus contortus as the test worms. A range of concentrations (100, 50 and 25%) of ethanolic extracts of C. papaya were tested to assay the procedure. This is mainly applied for the determination of time of death (D) and time of paralysis (P) of the tested worms. After the...
July 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Rational and experiential decision-making preferences of pharmacy students in Karachi, Pakistan
This study was conducted to examine the rational (systematic and rule-based) and experiential (fast and intuitive) thinking preferences of pharmacy students. This may assist in formulating learning and teaching tactics for decision-making leading to safe and optimized patient care services. Here, a validated psychometric tool, that is, the Rational Experiential Inventory (REI-40) survey was used. It was distributed to...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Sustainable intensifications of African agriculture through legume-based cropping and Brachiaria forage systems
Legume-based cropping system and Brachiaria forage system could play a significant role in enhancing food and nutrition security and sustainable intensifications of African agriculture. To reveal this potential, a comprehensive review of literatures and assessment was performed using key indicators in relation to food and nutrition quality, agro-ecological services and socioeconomic benefits. The key indicators for...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effect of silver nitrate on shoot multiplication, rooting induction and plantlet characteristics of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in vitro culture
St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is one of the introduced medicinal plants that have medicinal uses for anti-depressant. Germplasm conservation of St. John’s wort has been conducted at the laboratory for over ten years and plantlets showed a rosette growth. Therefore, laboratory investigations are necessary to be done to have better methods for obtaining normal growth of culture. In this study, we...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Screening of rice germplasms under salt stress by phenotypic and molecular markers
The evaluation of salinity tolerance of rice germplasms based on phenotype and genotype of 100 rice germplasm was identified at the seedling stage at the High Agricultural Technology Research Institute for Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Screening of the phenotype was done with 30 day old seedlings using salinized concentrations (EC = 8 and 15 dS/m). Results show that the growth of the varieties, the higher the salt...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effects of NPK and plant tea manure (Tithonia diversifolia) on growth rate of amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) in soilless growing media
Many countries are running short of agricultural land. Even where land appears to be available, soil fertility, water availability as well as nutrient mining still remains a challenge yet at the same time the world’s demand for food is rapidly increasing. Millions of square meters of soil are mined each year for use in vegetable nurseries and in backyard gardens in addition to excessive use of inorganic...
July 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Drought tolerance assessment of melon germplasm searching for adaptation to climate change
Shortage of irrigation water at critical melon growth stages can be the most important limiting factor in the future due to climate change, especially in the Mediterranean region. Apart from the improvement of irrigation systems and crop management, the development of drought tolerant cultivars by genetic breeding is the best solution to achieve stable yields. Screening germplasm collections is a prerequisite for that....
June 2019
Journal of Geography and Regional Planning
Provision of down market urban housing in Kenya through strategic application of public
private partnerships
Article 43 1 (b) of the constitution of Kenya (2010), alongside other international treaties which the country is party to, obligates the state to provide housing for all Kenyans. These instruments place a greater emphasis on the slums and informal settlements upgrading and development, key among which is down market urban housing. Down market urban housing is principally housing for the low income urban households, or...
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
A 50-year review on heavy metal pollution in the environment: Bivalves as bio-monitors
There has been a steady increase in the quantity and diversity of discharges that reach aquatic environment, both organic and inorganic, either synthesized or mobilized by man as a result of high population growth and development activities. This has led to the appearance of several types of pollution. Inland and coastal waters have been the most affected, since most major cities are located near water bodies....
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Rural households’ access to water resources under climate impacts based on field evidence in Tigray Region, Ethiopia
The climatic condition in Ethiopia is semi-arid and this has implications especially for rural communities in the country that are largely dependent on surface water. In water scarce areas across four districts in the Tigray region, a survey of 595 households was carried out, and two shared dialogue workshops was held. In this study, the following issues were examined: (i) Access to water in relation to sources,...
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Impacts of soil and water conservation practices on livelihood: The case of watershed in Gambela region, Ethiopia
In this study, multistage sampling technique was used. 132 households were selected out of 2,943 households in three sampled kebeles (the lowest administrative structure in Ethiopia) of Godere Woreda (Woreda is administrative structure above Kebele). Household-based interview, key informants interview (KII) and transect walk were used in order to collect data. Practiced households have harvested an average of 44.74...
June 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Partial purification of invertase from Momordica charantia (bitter melon) by three phase partitioning (TPP) method
The single step three-phase partitioning (TPP) method was evaluated for the purification of invertase from Momordica charantia. Optimum conditions for TPP method, that is, 70% ammonium sulfate saturation, 1:0.5 t-butanol ratio and 30 min incubation time lead to 20.28% efficiency and 10.48 fold partial purification. Total protein decreased from 34.86 mg to 0.68 mg in the homogenate, and the specific activity of the...
June 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Cadmium-induced toxicity and antioxidant enzyme responses in tissues and organs of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus were exposed to different concentrations of cadmium chloride for 96 h under laboratory conditions using static bioassays with continuous aeration to determine its mean lethal concentration (LC50), biochemical alterations, bioaccumulation and histological pattern in a sub-lethal toxicity test. The median lethal concentration (LC50) at the end of the acute toxicity was 120.2 mgL-1. Also the...
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of heavy metals [As, Cu, Zn] from boreholes in the Western Region of Ghana
Ground water is the source of drinking water for many people around the world, especially in rural areas. A lot of parameters such as the concentrations of Arsenic, Copper, Zinc and other heavy metals in conjunction with other physico-chemical properties contribute to the suitability of water for drinking and for other purposes. This study was carried out in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai District of the Western region of...
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Association and variation on boll and seed morphology among hybrids between linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and Linum bienne Mill. and their parents
Linseed is the only cultivated species from the genus Linum and selection is the most frequently used method to develop varieties from the crop resulting in the reduction of the genetic diversity. Linum bienne Mill. is genetically more diverse than linseed and produces fertile hybrids with linseed. The author aimed for the development of hybrids with new combinations of genes useful for variety development programme....
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Adaptability and yield stability of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties studied using GGE-biplot analysis in the highland environments of South-western Ethiopia
The objectives of this study were to evaluate released Ethiopian bread wheat varieties for yield stability using the GGE biplot method and identify well adapted and high-yielding genotypes for the highland environments of South-western Ethiopia. Twenty five varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Dedo and Gomma during the main cropping season of 2016 and at Dedo,...
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Determination of concentration of heavy metals in ginger using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
Concentrations of four heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb) in two ginger varieties were determined using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) with wet acidic digestion methods. Results showed that the concentration of zinc is 0.86 to 1.17 mg/kg in Hargama and 0.63 to 0.87 mg/kg in Bolbo varieties. The concentration of nickel for Hargama and Bolbo are 0.15 to 0.18 and 0.17 to 0.21 mg/kg, respectively. Zinc...
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Genetic diversity, variability and characterization of the agro-morphological traits of Northern Ghana Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima) accessions
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima), a bast fibre crop adapted to the warm climate of Northern Ghana, offers a great economic potential not yet explored for lack of information on its distribution, collection, and genetic diversity. Little variability is reported in exotic genotypes to merit trait improvement. The objective of this study is to investigate distribution and diversity in roselle of Northern Ghana....
June 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Farmers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of strategies for managing wildlife crop depredation in Ghana
Wildlife crop depredation represents a serious human-wildlife conflict around protected areas globally. It undermines farming livelihoods and local support for long-term conservation. Though studies have focused on different aspects such as the economics, spatiotemporal and vulnerability of farms to crop depredation, little attention has been given to the farmers’ evaluation of the effectiveness of the strategies...
June 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Species’ composition and relative abundance of Lakeshore bird species around Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia
Ecological investigation of species diversity and relative abundance of birds was conducted from January to September 2017 at the shoreline of Lake Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Three habitats namely-Tikurwuha wetland, Human settlement and Farmland were identified for the study. A total of 60 bird species under 14 orders and 37 families were identified. In general, 2720 individuals of 81 species of birds were recorded...
June 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Revisiting the status of pastoral women’s access to and control over livelihood assets; evidences from Fafan zone, Somali region, Ethiopia
This paper focuses on assessing the status of pastoral women’s access to and control over livelihood assets in Fafan zone of Somali region, Ethiopia. In this study, the emphasis was given to the study populations’ level of access to and control over livelihood assets, factors affecting pastoral women’s asset ownership and the effects of pastoral women’s access to and control over livelihood...
June 2019
Journal of Engineering and Technology Research
Predicting tractor fuel consumption during ridging on a sandy loam soil in a humid tropical climate
A predictive model for the determination of optimum fuel consumption of a tractor during ridging operation has been developed. The model development involved field experimentations to determine the various parameters affecting tractor fuel consumption, like draught, speed, depth of cut, soil moisture content, cone index and width of cut. The field investigations were carried out at the farm of Rivers State Agricultural...
June 2019
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Evaluation of midwives services scheme in a southwest Nigerian state: Policy implication for maternal and child health care programs
Midwives services scheme was implemented as an intervention program to mitigate maternal and child health care related challenges especially in the rural areas of Nigeria. This study was carried out to explore stakeholders’ perception of the scheme with a focus on perceived facilitators and barriers to its objective. Interviews conducted among health care workers were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded,...
June 2019
Journal of Entomology and Nematology
Seasonal pattern of Bancroftian Filariasis transmission in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Bancroftian filariasis in Nigeria is endemic with 22.1% of the population thought to be infected. The main mosquito genera implicated with Wuchereria bancrofti transmission are Anopheles and Culex. The study was carried out to compare the infectivity rates of the vectors between the high transmission (rainy) and the low transmission (dry) seasons. Mosquitoes were sampled from houses and compared from six sentinel...
June 2019
Journal of Entomology and Nematology
Effects of neem leaf extracts on Lepidopteran pest species attacking Solanum macrocarpon L. (Solanaceae) in southern Togo
Lepidopteran pests cause considerable damage to Solanum macrocarpon Linnaeus (Solanaceae). Their control by the use of botanical extracts is a promising alternative to improper use of chemical insecticides. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three doses of leaf extract of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (Meliaceae) against Lepidopteran pest species that attack S....
June 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Cost effectiveness of feeding cattle genotypes fed rice straw with graded levels of concentrate supplements
Cattle genotypes and adoption of new feeding technology are necessary for improving beef cattle production and managing efficiently beef production costs. A study was conducted to determine the effects of cattle genotypes and levels of concentrate supplements on cost effectiveness of feedlot beef production in a Complete Randomized Block Design in 3×4 factorial arrangements with 4 replications. Feeds were...
June 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Production practices of local pig farmers in Ghana
Local pig production is of economic, nutritional and socio-cultural importance to livelihoods in Ghana. Data was collected from 176 local pig farmers in four regions of Ghana using pretested structured questionnaire. Majority of the farmers interviewed were males over 30 years and kept crossbred pigs (64%) with income (95%) as their main motivation. In terms of housing of pigs, most farmers use sheds (39%), about a...
Page 4 of 1166, showing 50 records out of 58272 total, starting on record 151, ending on 200
