January 2017
Protocol optimization for in vitro shoot multiplication of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.)
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) is a cross pollinated fruit tree valued mainly for its fruit and timber wood. Although the crop has been introduced to Ethiopia and adapted well to the Jimma area, its potential for production has not been exploited due to the absence of an efficient method for large scale propagation. Micropropagation is a method for production of large number of genetically uniform planting...
January 2017
Factors affecting reproductive performance of dairy cow in Algeria: Effects of clinical mastitis
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of clinical mastitis at the beginning of lactation on reproductive performance of dairy cows in Algeria. Calving to first insemination and calving to conception intervals, number of insemination per conception and conception rate at the first artificial insemination were recorded for 432 cows from 16 dairy herds in Algeria. Cows were examined for clinical...
January 2017
Characterization and optimization of lipase activity produced by Pseudomonas monteilli 2403-KY120354 isolated from ground beef
A total of 56 Gram negative bacterial isolates were recovered from twenty ground beef samples and were screened for their potentiality to produce lipase. Forty four bacterial isolates were recorded as positive producers for lipase on tween as carbon source in solid medium. Also, the highly producer isolates were screened for lipase activity in submerged culture using olive oil as carbon and the most active isolate was...
January 2017
Molecular detection of disease resistance genes to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars
A study was conducted to detect the presence of disease resistance genes to infection of wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) in selected wheat cultivars from China using molecular markers. Genomic DNA of sixty cultivars was extracted and tested for the presence of selected prominent resistance genes to the fungal disease using molecular markers linked to Pm genes. Results showed that 17 cultivars...
January 2017
Extraction and characterisation of gelatin from the skin of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and studies on its colour improvement
Functional properties of gelatin from skin of striped catfish with and without bleaching for 48 h by 5% H2O2 (w/v)) were studied. Gelatin from skin bleached with 5% H2O2 for 48 h showed the highest yield (16.18 g). Bleaching not only improved the colour of gelatin gel by increasing the L* (lightness)-value and decreasing a*(redness/greenness)-value, but also enhanced the bloom strength and the emulsifying and foaming...
January 2017
Electrolyte ions and glutathione enzymes as stress markers in Argania spinosa subjected to drought stress and recovery
Understanding the mechanisms underlying Argania spinosa responses to drought stress is essential for its regeneration and domestication. Toward that end, an integrative study of tolerance responses to drought stress in four A. spinosa ecotypes (2 contrasting coastal ecotypes (Adm and Rab) and 2 contrasting inland ecotypes (Alz and Lks)) have been conducted. Responses to soil drying and re-watering were measured at...
January 2017
Isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant bacteria from Panteka stream, Kaduna, Nigeria and their potential for bioremediation
Panteka stream is a flowing stream polluted with wastes from the activities of mechanics. Water samples collected at different points of the stream were analysed in order to determine the level of heavy metal contamination and bacteria diversity with the view to elucidating the bioremediating potentials of the bacteria isolates. Four bacteria, tolerant to heavy metals, were isolated from Panteka stream. These were...
January 2017
Generation of bioethanol from common date by-products, “Teggaza and Lebghel” in Southern Algeria
Date by-products constitute the principal food for the oasis populations in Middle East and North Africa. Dates contents consist of 70 to 80% of reducing sugars, and do not require an intensive energy and labour for thermophysical pre-treatment. They can serve as a good feedstock for bioethanol generation through fermentation and distillation. Algeria is among the top sixth producers of dates in the world with more than...
January 2017
Comparison of growth and yield adaptability indicators of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars under planting basin technique in Zimbabwe
In eastern semi-arid Zimbabwe, planting basins are mostly used to boost maize yields, but still low yields are often obtained due to poor choices of varieties to grow. A comparative study of growth and yield of the only two locally and commonly grown Pioneer cultivars (P2859W and PHB3253) under planting basin technique (PBT) was carried out to determine a more adaptable cultivar in Guhune, eastern Zimbabwe (NR IV). The...
December 2016
Optimizing Bacillus circulans Xue-113168 for biofertilizer production and its effects on crops
In this study, Bacillus circulans Xue-113168 biofertilizer was produced through solid state fermentation processes using food waste and feldspar. Results confirmed that solid state fermentation has considerable advantages compared to complex process (solid-state and bio-bleach). The control of pH, temperature, and humidity effectively led to the formation of 2×109 cfu/g spore and dissolution of potassium at a rate...
December 2016
Effect of solarization with fresh chicken manure on verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae Klebb) and yield in eggplant
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of reducing wilt disease through the medium of fresh chicken manure (FCM) mixed with soil before solarized and then artificial Verticillium dahliae (V.d) inoculation on yield of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under field conditions. According to the split-plot design, solarization of main plots, sub-plots with fresh chicken manure and V dahliae inoculation were...
December 2016
Nucellar embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration in monoembryonic and polyembryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars
Biotic and abiotic stress particularly fungal diseases and salinity are major challenges facing mango cultivations in Oman. Micropropagation technique for multiplying disease resistant and salinity tolerant elite cultivars could be utilized to replace dead and infected plants in mango orchards but standardize in-vitro regeneration protocol via somatic embryogenesis is prerequisite. Nucellar tissues from immature mango...
December 2016
Genetic diversity and population structure of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) germplasm of Ethiopia as revealed by microsatellite markers
The Ethiopian genetic center is considered to be one of the secondary centers of diversity for the common bean. This study was conducted to characterize the distribution of genetic diversity between and within ecological/geographical regions of Ethiopia. A germplasm sample of 116 landrace accessions was developed, which represented different common bean production ecologies and seed types common in the country. This...
December 2016
Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of the extract and powder of Operculina macrocarpa (L.) Urb. in mice
The aim of the study was to evaluate the experimental acute and sub-chronic toxicities of Operculina macrocarpa with plant extract and powder, respectively, in male and female mice. Phytochemical prospection was performed with extract and administration in single doses by intraperitoneal route to six groups and control at 1230, 970, 700, 350, 120 and 30 mg/kg doses and distilled water (0.1 ml/10 g), respectively....
December 2016
Ex vivo trypanostatic effect of stem-bark extracts of Securidaca longipedunculata (Fres. Holl) against Trypanosoma brucei brucei
Current treatment of trypanosomosis in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with widespread inefficiency. There is therefore the need to find more effective drugs against the disease from promising traditional medicinal herbs. This work is aimed at evaluating ex vivo anti-trypanosomal effect of stem-bark extracts of S. longipedunculata against T. brucei brucei. One hundred microlitre of crude methanol, ethyl acetate and...
December 2016
Performance of rapid subtyping tools used for the classification of HIV type 1 recombinants isolated from selected countries in west and central Africa
HIV-1 genetic diversity in sub-Saharan Africa is broad and the AIDS epidemic is driven predominantly by recombinants in Central and West Africa. The classification of HIV-1 strains is therefore necessary to understand diagnostic efficiency, individual treatment responses as well as options for designing vaccines and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment guidelines. More so, accurate subtyping of a partial or full genome would...
December 2016
Influence of sweeteners in the biodistribution of radiopharmaceutical and laboratory tests in rats
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of sucralose and fructose on the metabolism of adolescent rats. Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control group (GC), fructose group (GF) treated with 50 mg/kg of fructose, and sucralose group (GS) receiving 50 mg/kg of sucralose for 24 days. The weight and feed intake were measured weekly. At the end of the experiment, some biochemical...
December 2016
Postharvest physicochemical properties of cucumber fruits (Cucumber sativus L) treated with chitosan-lemon grass extracts under different storage durations
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of chitosan-based edible coatings with lemon grass extract on the physical properties and overall acceptability of cucumber fruits stored at ambient temperature (28 ± 2°C) and 85 to 90% relative humidity for 14 days. Blends of chitosan (C) and lemon grass extract (E) were formulated as 0.5% C + 0.5% E, 0.5% C + 1% E, 1% C + 0.5% E and 1% C + 1% E....
December 2016
Accelerated in vitro propagation of elite oil palm genotypes (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) by substituting cytokinin with putrescine
Clonal multiplication of oil palm enables the formation of commercial plantations with higher yield, which is possible through somatic embryogenesis. However, due to different modifications made in the existing protocols to avoid the appearance of the “mantled flower”, the success of this technique has been limited. Thus, this study aimed to apply a cloning protocol, using somatic embryogenesis, to 32 elite...
December 2016
Identification of a novel submergence response gene regulated by the Sub1A gene
Submergence is one of the major constraints to rice production in many rice growing areas in the world. The Sub1A gene has been demonstrated to dramatically improve submergence tolerance in rice. Here, we report the identification of a novel submergence response (RS1) gene that is specifically induced in the Sub1A-mediated submergence tolerance response. Under submergence, RS1 was upregulated in M202 (Sub1A) but...
December 2016
Investigation of Argania spinosa L. (Skeels) polyphenols growing in arid and semi-arid conditions
Argania spinosa L. Skeels, belonging to the Argania genus of the Sapotaceae family, is a species native to Morocco and Algeria. Due to its perfect adaptation to soil and climate, this tree plays an important ecological role in a constantly threatened encroached desert region. To understand the biological role of polyphenols in making the argan tree adapts to its natural habitat, we conducted a comparative study in...
December 2016
Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory properties of the hexane extract of Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. Ex Lam. leaves
This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. Ex Lam, a medicinal plant used by indigenous traditional healers to manage chronic inflammatory diseases especially rheumatism and arthritis. The hexane extract of H. bonariensis leaves was evaluated for the presence and concentration of phytochemicals. It was subjected to heat-induced albumin denaturation and human red blood cell...
December 2016
Occurrence of Escherichia coli in Brassica rapa L. chinensis irrigated with low quality water in urban areas of Morogoro, Tanzania
Low quality water has become valuable resource with restricted or unrestricted use in food production depending on its quality. This study has quantified the occurrence of Escherichia coli in Brassica rapa L. chinensis (Chinese cabbage) vegetables and low quality irrigation water. A total of 106 samples including Chinese cabbage (69) and water (37) were collected. The E. coli were cultured in petri film selective E....
December 2016
Application of polymeric nanoparticles for controlled release of ethanolic extract of guapeva leaves (Pouteria gardneriana Radlk) against Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus through in vitro studies
The study was designed to evaluate the ethanolic extract acaricide action from Pouteria gardneriana Radlk specie adsorbed in chitosan nanoparticles for controlled release against Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Leaves of P. gardneriana Radlk were collected, air-dried, ground and extracted with ethanol. Chitosan nanospheres were obtained by the phase inversion method. Conductometric titration, UV-Vis and FTIR...
December 2016
Allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of fresh leaf castor beans (Ricinus communis L.) applied to the beginning stage of soy (Glycine max L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Allelopathy defines the production of specific biomolecules (allelochemical) by a plant that can induce positive or negative impacts on another culture. The crop of castor beans (Ricinus communis L.) is being economically valued and receiving attention, mainly by the biodiesel production, castor oil and animal feeding. In this study, the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract from fresh leaves of castor beans (Ricinus...
November 2016
Thermo-chemical sequestration of naphthalene using Borassus flabellifer Shell activated carbon: Effect of influencing parameters, isotherm and kinetic study
The present research describes the removal of naphthalene from aqueous solution using one of the simplest agricultural wastes, Borassus flabellifer Shell activated carbon (BFS-AC) by adsorption. Adsorption was chosen due to its cost-effectiveness. The effect of operating parameters such as pH, time, initial concentration of naphthalene, BFS-AC dosage and temperature on the percent removal of naphthalene was determined....
November 2016
Evaluation of insulin-like growth factor-I gene polymorphism in Egyptian small ruminant breeds
The genetic improvement of production traits can be developed through marker assisted selection. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a member of the somatotrophic axis which has a remarkable variation of its biological effect including protein synthesis and skeletal growth. This study aimed to detect the genetic polymorphism of IGF-1 in different Egyptian sheep and goat breeds. The amplified fragments at 320-bp were...
November 2016
Effect of organic matter, irrigation and soil mulching on the nutritional status and productivity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in the semiarid region of Brazil
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L) is an important vegetable crop currently cultivated in many parts of the world. The adoption of management strategies to promote the nutritional status and crop productivity in semiarid regions of Brazil is still poorly studied. Thus, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of raising the level of organic matter in the soil, irrigation and soil mulching in the nutritional...
November 2016
Growth promotion mediated by endophytic fungi in cloned seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids
Eucalyptus cultivation has expanded considerably in Brazilian systems, leading to the current search for technologies to optimize growing conditions and the production of seedlings in nurseries. Based on the understanding that the development of tree species such as Eucalyptus sp. can be influenced by endophytic fungi that act directly as plant growth-promoting species, cloned seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis x...
November 2016
Primary study on the components and main physico-chemical as well as biological properties of the oil of Alpinia galanga (L.) Wild in Phu Tho-Vietnam
The oil of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd in Phu Tho was obtained by steam distillation and dried with Na2SO4. By Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method, 29 components in the oil were predicted by comparing their retention times and molecular weights with the standards’. In particular, there were 10 hydrocarbons such as monoterpenes: 29.15%, sesquiterpenes: 21.06%, and 19 oxygenated components like...
November 2016
A review of cashew (Anacardiumoccidentale L.) apple: Effects of processing techniques, properties and quality of juice
A review including the processing techniques, properties and uses of cashew apple juice is reported. Cashew apple has multi-purpose; it can be processed to obtain human food. The process of cashew apple into several by-products can affect its nutritional, microbiological, and sensorial quality attributes. Therefore, clarification methods, thermal treatment and high hydrostatic pressure modify nutritional,...
November 2016
Effect of whey storage on physicochemical properties, microstructure and texture profile of ricotta cheese
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of whey storage period (0, 24, 48 and 72 h) on the physicochemical parameters, color, texture and microstructure of fresh ricotta during storage. Sweet whey and acid whey were evaluated based on titratable acidity, pH, fat, cryoscopy, and density, while ricotta was based on yield, fat, protein, ash, acidity, pH, moisture, total solids, color, texture, and microstructure....
November 2016
Influence of vermicompost humic acid on chlorophyll content and acclimatization in banana clone, Enano Guantanamero
Vermicompost humic acids (VHA) promote plants’ growth because they have similar effects with auxins. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of VHA in some physiological indicators in the micropropagation and acclimatization phase of banana clone Enano Guantanamero. Six concentrations were used (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg L-1) to evaluate in vitro the number of leaves, total chlorophyll content and...
November 2016
Study of genetic determinism of harvest index in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) under semi-arid conditions
Out of six varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), two local varieties with a low harvest index and four others with high harvest indices and short straw imported from France were studied in a diallel cross. The experiment was done in a complete randomized block design with three replications. It was done at the Research Station of the Institute of Technical Big Cultures of Khemis Miliana, located in the...
November 2016
Comparative phylogenetic analysis of intergenic spacers and small subunit rRNA gene sequences of two microsporidian isolates from Antheraea myllita
Two microsporidian isolates extracted from infected tasar silkworms (Antheraea mylitta) collected from forest area in Deoghar district, Jharkhand, India were subjected to PCR amplification using intergenic spacer (IGS) region and small subunit rRNA (SSU-rRNA) gene specific primers followed by cloning and sequencing. The IGS and SSU-rRNA gene sequences were analysed to derive the identity of the microspoidian...
November 2016
Isolation and characterization of methanogenic bacteria from brewery wastewater in Kenya
The production of biogas from renewable resources is becoming a prominent feature of most developed and developing countries of the world. A study was undertaken to characterize methanogenic microbial community found in brewery waste water. Their performance with regards to methane production was also studied. Thirty-two isolates were obtained using brewer thyglycollate agar medium. Characterization of the isolates was...
November 2016
Production of alkaline proteases by alkalophilic Bacillus subtilis during recycling animal and plant wastes
The production of extracellular alkaline protease by Bacillus subtilis was studied with submerged fermentation. A new strain of Bacillus sp. was isolated from alkaline soil, which was able to produce extracellular alkaline protease. The production of alkaline protease involved the use of agricultural or animal wastes at pH 8 and temperatures at 37°C. Results showed that growing B. subtilis sub sp. subtilis under...
November 2016
Investigating the potential of Aucoumea klaineana Pierre sapwood and heartwood wastes to produce cellulosic ethanol
This work investigates for the first time the different reactivity exhibited by sapwood and heartwood wastes under two conditions: They were pretreated with catalyzed ethanol organosolv in the presence of sulfuric acid and their pulps underwent enzymatic hydrolysis by Trichoderma reesei which causes them to release neutral sugars for the production of cellulosic ethanol. Aucoumea klaineana Pierre (Okoumé)...
November 2016
Comparison of seed priming techniques with regards to germination and growth of watermelon seedlings in laboratory condition
Seeds of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai, cv. Crimson Sweet] were used to investigate the effects of different priming techniques on seed germination and early seedling growth. The seeds were soaked in solutions of 0.2% gibberellin (50 mg L–1 gibberellic acid), 0.2% cytokinin (90 mg L–1 kinetin), 0.2% potassium nitrate (2 g L–1 KNO3), 0.2% calcium nitrate [2 g L–1...
November 2016
Linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of drought tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm population from diverse regions of Pakistan
Drought stress is a major abiotic stress that limits crop production. Molecular association mapping techniques through linkage disequilibrium (LD) can be effectively used to tag genomic regions involved in drought stress tolerance. With the association mapping approach, 90 genotypes of cotton Gossypium hirsutum, from diverse regions of Pakistan were used. The morpho-physiological traits of all genotypes were evaluated...
November 2016
Inbreeding depression in crosses of coerulea clones of Walker’s Cattleya (Cattleya walkeriana Gardner)
Orchids are among the most beautiful flowers and endangered due to habitat destruction and over-collection. Cattleya walkeriana is one of the most beautiful flowers joining the small sized plant with medium large and heavily scented flowers. It is widely known and appreciated by its beautiful clones and it has much to offer to breeders because their plants have besides other attributes as small habit and big flowers,...
November 2016
The protective role of honey against cytotoxicity of cadmium chloride in mice
The present study aimed to investigate the honey (HY) protective role in opposition to cadmium (Cd) induced chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow and sperm abnormalities. Forty five (45) adult male albino mice were caged into six groups. Mice were injected, i.p, 300 mg HY/kg and/or 0.67 mg CdCl2/kg b.w for 96 h, separately and alternated. The alternated trials were continued for consecutive eight days. Results show...
November 2016
Shelf life improvement of sorghum beer (pito) through the addition of Moringa oleifera and pasteurization
Pito is a traditional alcoholic beverage that is mostly brewed in the three northern regions of Ghana. Although widely consumed and used in many festivities, poor storability limits its economic potential as an income-generating venture for most women. This study was carried out to improve the shelf-life of pito through the addition of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and pasteurization (75 to 80°C). Microbial...
November 2016
Characterization of mutant cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] lines using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers
Phylogenetic relationship and polymorphism was detected in 10 cowpea lines comprising of leaf, flower and stem mutants, their putative parents and an exotic accession using 10 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and three primer combinations of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. These mutants were earlier obtained through the probable activities of transposable elements. The RAPD and AFLP...
November 2016
Pan-genome analysis of Senegalese and Gambian strains of Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, and it is classified as “category A” biological weapon. There were six available complete genomes (A0248, Ames, Ames Ancestor, CDC684, H0491 and Sterne). Here, one Gambian and two Senegalese strains (Gmb1, Sen2Col2 and Sen3) were added. In this work, the pan-genome of B. anthracis was studied based on nine strains and using bioinformatics tools as Cluster...
November 2016
RNAi-based silencing of genes encoding the vacuolar-ATPase subunits a and c in pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella)
RNA interference is a post- transcriptional gene regulation mechanism that is predominantly found in eukaryotic organisms. RNAi demonstrated a successful gene silencing in insects that led to the development of novel approaches for insect pest management. In the current study, genes encoding vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) subunits a and c from the midgut of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, were cloned and sequenced....
November 2016
Genetic analysis of body weight of Takifugu rubripes at different developmental stages
To elucidate the genetic mechanism of growth trait in Takifugu rubripes during ontogeny, developmental genetic analysis of body weight was conducted by mixed genetic model with additive-dominance effects, using complete diallel cross with three different strains of T. rubripes from Laizhou Shandong, Tangshan Hebei and Dalian Liaoning. Unconditional genetic analysis revealed that the unconditional dominance effects with...
November 2016
Diversity of growth hormone gene and its relation with average daily gain in Simmental cattle in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia
This study was aimed to analyse the genetic polymorphism of Growth Hormone (GH) polymorphism of Simmental cattle using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and its relation to average daily gain. The research was conducted in the Padang Mangatas Breeding Centre, Limapuluh Kota district, West Sumatera Province and Biotechnology Laboratory of Faculty of Animal Husbandry,...
November 2016
Hesperidin effects on behavior and locomotor activity of diabetic Wistar rat
Today, there are sufficient validated scientific data that support the existence of relations between diabetes and certain neuropsychiatric disorders, such as behavioral disorders, anxiety, cognitive decline and depression. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of a natural bioflavonoid, the antioxidant hesperidin on the neuro behavioral alterations and locomotor function in streptozotocine diabetic...
November 2016
Optimization of humidifying procedure in controlled environment for indoor cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius
This study investigated mushroom cultivation in controlled indoor environment. For this, the environmental factors including humidity and temperature were controlled by humidifier and ventilation. Four ventilations were installed on tops to bring the air from inside to outside and four small ventilations were installed on side wall along with black filter to bring the air from outside to inside. Four humidifiers...
Page 12 of 245, showing 50 records out of 12227 total, starting on record 551, ending on 600
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