Antimalarial potential and phytochemical composition of fractions of Lippia kituiensis Vatke (Verbenaceae) growing in Northern Tanzania
August 2020
Despite past decades of steady advances in the fight against Malaria, statistics show that the disease is still a threat to human health. Previous successes in the development of antimalarial drugs from medicinal plants have fuelled research in this area. However, antimalarial studies on fractionated extracts from such plants have progressed slowly. This study reports the antimalarial potential of fractions from Lippia...
Comparison of antioxidant role of methanol, acetone and water extracts of Andrographis paniculata Nees
August 2020
Antioxidant properties of plants can help thwart a plethora of conditions including cancer, bronchitis, asthma, ulcers, coronary heart diseases, scabies, insomnia, senile debility, diabetes, dysentery, etc. In this study, Andrographis paniculata (Family: Acanthaceae) was investigated for antioxidant activity. 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, 2,2'-azino-bis...
Determination of total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and nutrients in Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H. B. K.)
August 2020
Bertholletia excelsa is native to the Amazon, and it grows in the forests that border the great rivers of the Amazon. This tree brings interest in the commercialization of its fruit, which is called the urchin and almond. Bertholletia excelsa has antioxidant properties, and it is rich in phenolic compounds. In this research, the antioxidant capacity of the Brazilian nut from the city of São João da Baliza...
Effect of Aloe resin on cell migration between Scratch and Boyden chamber assays
August 2020
Effect of herbal medicine on cell migration is one of the therapeutic points. The objective of this study was to compare the Scratch assay with the Boyden chamber assay for evaluating cell migration with Aloe resin as the chemoattractant agent. Human gingival fibroblasts cells (2.5×105 cells/ml) were exposed to 0.02% (w/v) of Aloe resin in 6-well culture plates for the Scratch assay or in 24-transwell-culture...
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of dried pods of Prosopis Africana
August 2020
Evolving resistant microbial strains have posed a great challenge on antibacterial chemotherapy in recent times. Search for novel antimicrobial agents has therefore remained a highly prospective area of research, especially those of plant origin. To this end, Prosopis africana pod used in West Africa in traditional medicine was evaluated for phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Antibacterial activity...
Bioprospective potential in the traditional use of herbal medicines in an institution in Central Brazil
August 2020
Medicinal plants are important natural goods for many different peoples, especially because of their use as herbal medicines resulting from the traditional knowledge emerged from the direct contact with nature. The great experience of regional, traditional communities on the management and use of plant resources available in their regions led different populations to create and use several medicines. Even though the...
Effect of ethanol leaf extract of Gnetum africanum on testosterone and oestradiol induced benign prostatic hyperplasia
July 2020
The effect of ethanol leaf extract of Gnetum africanum was studied in albino rats induced with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The animals (36) were randomly grouped into six with six rats in each group. Testosterone and oestradiol every other day for 28 days was used to induce hyperplasia. The test groups (2 - 4) were treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of extract for another 28 days. Group 5 was given the...
Effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia and Moringa oleifera on haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters in albino rats
July 2020
Africa is a vast reservoir of medicinal plants which need substantial research to understand their therapeutic potential for safe use. Tithonia diversifolia (TD) and Moringa oleifera (MO) are two such plants commonly used in South-west Nigeria for their therapeutic properties. This study therefore evaluated the effects of single and combined aqueous leaf extracts of both plants on hematological, biochemical and...
Ethno-medicinal study of plants in Boricha district: Use, preparation and application by traditional healers, Southern Ethiopia
July 2020
Plants have been used as a source of traditional medicine in Ethiopia. However, this valuable ethnobotanical knowledge is not formally documented and thus the objective of this study was to investigate ethno-medicinal plants, their preparation and application in treating ailments in humans and livestock in the boricha district of Sidama Zone, Ethiopia. Forty two traditional healers (37 male and 5 female) of different...
Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of Citrus limonia Osbeck bark essential oil
July 2020
Aedes aegypti mosquito arouses the interest of public authorities, as it is a vector for four diseases (dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever) and one of the ways to combat it is through insecticides. In this study, the main constituent, the predominant class of essential oil extracted from the husks of Citrus limonia Osbeck was identified and evaluated to know if it has biological activity against larvae in the...
Ultrasonic assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from different parts of Hancornia Speciosa Gomes
July 2020
The proper use of plants and their extracts, whether for medicine or as a food additive, requires the use of extraction and characterization methods that allow the identification and quantification of the active principles in each extract, associating them with the effect produced. With this objective, the present work was developed to study the ultrasonic extracts of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes),...
Separation and identification of phenolics and flavonoids from wild Pistacia palaestina extract and its antioxidant activity
July 2020
An in-vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activities of wild Palestinian Pistacia palaestina extracts was done. In parallel, the total phenolic content (TPC) and the total flavonoids content (TFC) were measured. The antioxidant activities were determined spectrophotometrically by DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC and the ABTS methods. The phenolic and flavonoid contents were separated and identified using LC-PDA-MS. The P. palaestina...
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity in the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees with medicinal interest
July 2020
Cinnamon is an evergreen tree belonging to the genus Cinnamomun; it is commonly founded in various tropical countries, consisting of more than 250 species of trees and shrubs in the Lauraceae family. This plant has had great medicinal importance in traditional medicine since ancient times. In this research, the chemical composition of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees was evaluated. The samples were...
Hydroethanolic stem bark extract of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) suppresses yeast-induced pyrexia and Plasmodium berghei malaria in murine models
June 2020
Vernonia amygdalina has been widely utilized in Ghana and other West African states for numerous parasitic infections, diabetes and some inflammatory conditions. In this study we evaluated the antipyretic and antimalarial properties as well as in vitro antioxidant activities of an ethanolic stem bark extract of V. amygdalina (VAE). The antipyretic effect of VAE was assessed using Baker’s yeast-induced pyrexia and...
Chemical composition and biological potentials of Lebanese Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves’ extracts
June 2020
The essential oils and defatted ethanolic extracts isolated from Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves collected from two geographically distinct regions in Lebanon; Beit El-Dein (mountain) and Jbeil (sea-side) were analysed for their chemical composition by GC/MS and qualitative phytochemical screening, respectively. These were then tested for their in-vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Fourteen and eighteen...
Biological properties and therapeutic applications of cannabidiol
June 2020
Cannabis sp. has important pharmacological activities, so it has been the focus of attention of the scientific community. Through the search for new drugs, it was found that cannabinoids present in the plant can modulate transient potential receptors (TPR). Cannabidiol (CBD), also known as “medical marijuana”, represents the second most abundant phytocannabinoid of the Cannabis plant and it is widely used in...
Control of papaya fruits anthracnose by essential oils of medicinal plants associated to different coatings
June 2020
Chemical pesticides have been commonly used for the control of various plant diseases. Although pathogens can be controlled with the application of these products, there are hazardous impacts in human health and environment. In parallel, essential oils have been shown to be effective in plant diseases management and can be safely incorporated as suitable alternatives for synthetic fungicides. Therefore, the aim of this...
Antibacterial, cytotoxic, and schistosomicidal activities of the methanolic extract from Cassia grandis L.f. (Fabaceae) stem bark and its fractions
June 2020
Cassia grandis L. (Fabaceae), a native tree from Amazon Forest, has been used in folk medicine against worms and intestinal parasites, and to treat stomach and respiratory problems, blood diseases, among others uses. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and schistosomicidal activities of the methanolic extract from C. grandis stem bark (CgME) and to elucidate the chemical profile of...
The effects of aqueous extract of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth in the immune functions of thymocytes and B-lymphocytes
June 2020
Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Fabaceae) is a tree species used in folk medicine against inflammatory disorders, and it is still unclear whether consumption of the B. virgilioides stem bark extract has any effect on immune cells. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of B. virgilioides stem bark extract (AEBv) on the functions of the thymus and B lymphocytes. The AEBv was obtained by decoction and administrated...
In vitro cytotoxic and anti-herpesvirus properties of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Moraceae) leaf extracts
May 2020
The jackfruit tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is considered one of the most versatile trees and is used from wood production to traditional medicine. In traditional medicine, leaves are used to treat asthma, wounds and abscesses, and prevent ringworm infection. Several biological activities have been documented for jackfruit extracts confirming its popular use; however, its in vitro cytotoxicity and...
Elemental contents of some medicinal plants using energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF)
May 2020
The presence of some elements in ten plants with anti-microbial potency was analysed using x-ray fluorescence technique. The results showed there were nineteen elements in these plants. They all contain Pb, a toxic heavy metal, except one that contains As. K, S, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn and Se elements were identified and their anti-microbial properties were discussed. Key words: Energy dispersive x-ray...
Chemical composition and bioactivity of essential oil from Morinda citrifolia L. fruit
May 2020
Morinda citrifolia has aroused the interest of several research institutions due to its pharmacological properties. The compounds biosynthesized can be explored as an alternative for control measures of plant pathogens causing leaf lesions in maize. The study aim at evaluating the potential effects of essential oil obtained from ripe fruits of M. citrifolia on Bipolaris maydis and Exserohilum turcicum isolated from...
Healing and topical anti-inflammatory activities of the total aqueous bark extract of Combretum glutinosum Perr. (Combretaceae)
May 2020
Combretum glutinosum Perrot. Ex DCs (Combretaceae) is a plant used in Senegalese traditional medicine. Its trunk barks are used to treat burns and wounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the healing effect and topical antiinflammatory activity of the aqueous bark extract of C. glutinosum in second degree burn and croton oil induced ear edema in mice. Phytochemically, the aqueous bark extract of C. glutinosum...
DPPH radical scavenging activity of extracts from Urtica urens (Urticaceae)
May 2020
In this study, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves, stem-bark and root of Urtica urens were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves of U. urens showed scavenging activity ranging from 7.06±2.52 to 26.01±1.84, 10.86±1.81 to...
Anti-nociceptive effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Alysicarpus ovalifolius in rodents
May 2020
Alysicarpus ovalifolius commonly known as gadagi in Northern Nigeria is claimed to possess tonic effects. Substances that show stimulant properties have demonstrated analgesic effects. This study therefore aimed at investigating the anti-nociceptive effects of the hydroethanolic extract of A. ovalifolius (HEAo) in mice and rats. The activities of the extract on acetic acid induced abdominal writhing, formalin induced...
Analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative-like activities of leaves of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe in mice
April 2020
The objectives of the study were to evaluate the analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative-like activities of methanol extract of leaves of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe in mice model. Analgesic activity was investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced paw licking test. In vivo neuropharmacological effects, including anxiolytic and sedative effects were examined by open field, light-dark, elevated...
Antimycobacterial activities, cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening of extracts for three medicinal plants growing in Kenya
April 2020
Tuberculosis (TB), an airborne disease, is among the ten leading deadly diseases worldwide. Despite the efforts of WHO and its partners to eradicate it, it is still a public health issue especially with the rise of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug- resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). Commiphora species (Burseraceae family) are known in the Kenyan traditional medicine to treat respiratory...
Medicinal plants used in gynecological procedures in Uganda
April 2020
Distress and pains among other gynecological challenges mothers go through during childbirth result in mortality. This has compelled people particularly in developing countries to use traditional medicine to induce birth due to lack of more effective alternatives. In Uganda, from time immemorial most child birth and pregnancy related problems have been solved using medicinal plants as a primary alternative to...
Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of six stonebreaker species from different regions of Brazil
April 2020
Stonebreaker is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of urolithiasis among other illnesses. However, several species of the genus Phyllanthus L. are called “quebra-pedra” (stonebreaker) by the general population in Brazil, due to taxonomic similarities, although the use of a species with a low content of active compounds may lead to a less effective treatment. P. niruri and P. tenellus are...
Use of the medicinal plant Bauhinia forficata Link. by carriers of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study in the Brazilian amazon
April 2020
This study utilized a quantitative approach and obtained results from 33 questionnaires and ten (10) semi structured interviews of people with diabetes. The results obtained were as follows: Participants used hypoglycemic plant species (cow's paw, carqueja and eucalyptus) in the form of an infusion, mostly once a day; a large percentage of participants believed that some plant species have the ability to aid in...
Extracts and gel formulations of Spondias mombin L. stem and its main compound ellagic acid reduce cutaneous inflammation in experimental models
April 2020
Spondias mombin L. is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of vomiting, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, wounds and inflammation. In this study, the topical anti-inflammatory activity of S. mombin stem and ellagic acid was investigated. From the dried stem, powdered bark and wood were separately subjected to ethanol extraction by static maceration to obtain the EESB (bark) and EESW (wood) extracts. These...
Antimicrobial activity and acetilcolinesterase inhibition of oils and Amazon fruit extracts
March 2020
The present work consists of the evaluation of antimicrobial activity and inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of fixed oils and hexane extracts of nine fruits with the following native names: abiu (Pouteria caimito), acerola (Malpighia emarginata), araçá (Psidium cattleianum), bacuparí (Rheedia gardneriana), biribá (Rollinia mucosa), camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia),...
Evaluation of the biological activities of leaf and bark extracts of Ficus platiphylla Delile, a medicinal plant used in Mali
March 2020
Leaves and barks of Ficus platiphylla are used in traditional medicine in western Africa for treating bacterial infections. The aim of this work was to screen the biological activities of extracts of the plant. Three common bacterial strains were used in this study. The antiradical and antibacterial activities were assessed respectively by spectrophotometric and agar diffusion methods. The bark and leaves are very rich...
Evaluation of the toxic effects of the bottled medicine (garrafada) containing the Echinacea purpurea, Annona muricata, Tabebuia avellanedae, Pterodon emarginatus and Uncaria tomentosa in rats
March 2020
This study evaluated if the oral administration of a bottled medicine containing Echinacea, Graviola, Purple Ipe, Sucupira and Cat’s claw could cause changes in biochemical, coagulation, hematological and histopathological parameters in rats. This study arised after a report to Ceatox of a patient who used a bottled medicine and developed hematological, renal and histopathological changes. The bottled medicine...
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts from Orthostichella rigida (Mull. Hal.) B.H Allen & Magill (Bryophyta) on pathogenic microorganisms
March 2020
1Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (Uergs), Mestrado Profissional em Ambiente e Sustentabilidade, São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. 2Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (Uergs), Unidade Litoral Norte - Osório, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. 3Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. 4Universidade Federal do Rio Grande...
Quantification of some phenolics acids and flavonoids in Cola nitida, Garcinia kola and Buchholzia coriacea using high performance liquid chromatography- diode array detection (HPLC-DAD)
February 2020
Kola seeds are highly valued in most African communities due to their medicinal benefits and socio-cultural application during ceremonies. Apart from their neuro-stimulatory effect, the other health benefits such as antioxidant activities which are closely associated with the level of phenolic constituents have also been widely reported. The main purpose of this study is to determine the quantity of quercetin, caffeic...
In vitro antiplasmodial, cytotoxicity assay and partial chemical characterization of Kenyan Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae family) extracts
February 2020
Malaria is a protozoan infection of Public health concern with several new cases yearly reported. Control of malaria infections is constrained due to the toxicity of currently available drugs and the emergence of resistant malaria strains. The current study was designed to assess the antiplasmodial activity, cytotoxicity and to partially characterize Kenyan Physalis peruviana extracts in order to determine their utility...
Systematic review: Medicinal use and scientific elucidation of the Piper genus for the treatment of symptoms and inflammatory diseases
February 2020
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review that reported the medicinal use of the genus Piper, and pharmacological elucidations for the treatment of symptoms and processes of inflammation and inflammatory diseases. The systematic review was prepared in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The databases used for this research were the Web of Science and Scopus, where associations with the terms were applied...
The effect of Thymus vulgaris L. on renal and liver toxicity in wistar rats exposed to aluminum
January 2020
The main sources of human exposure to aluminum are found in the extensive presence of the metal in the environment and its growing industrial applications. The present study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the Thymus vulgaris L. extract in alleviating aluminum chloride (AlCl3) toxicity on biochemical and antioxidant parameters. The experiment’s rats were divided into five groups: a control group;...
Dominant lethal mutations in rats fed extracts of Mucuna urens (Linn.)
January 2020
Dominant lethal mutation assay was carried out on rats after being treated with graded doses of ethanol extract of the seeds of Mucuna urens. Male albino rats (Wistar strain) were caged in three groups labeled, groups II, III and IV and treated with three different dosages of the ethanol extract of the seeds of M. urens; 70, 140 and 210 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively, for 14 days. The positive control animals...
Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activites and chemical profile of species of Miconia Ruiz & Pav., Clidemia D. Don and Tibouchina Aubl. (Melastomataceae)
January 2020
The resistance of microorganisms to current antimicrobials, and the deleterious effects caused by the excessive free radical manufacturing in the human body and their relationship with increasing global incidence of cancer, has led to a continuous search for new chemical agents that can contribute to the fight against these ills. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and...
Phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of root and stem bark of Bridelia ferruginea. Benth. (Euphorbiaceae)
January 2020
This study aimed at analysing the phytochemical content and antimicrobial activity of Bridelia ferrugine against selected bacteria. Total saponin, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and total anthraquinone contents were evaluated using spectrophotometric equivalents of the standards. The antibacterial activity of the plant extracts were determined using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal...
Advances in the research of Adenanthera pavonina: From traditional use to intellectual property
January 2020
Adenanthera pavonina, an Asian native leguminous, is a well known highly used plant in traditional medicine. Such broad herbal medicine applications motivated several researchers to study its chemical composition, mainly of its leaves, seeds, and barks, besides the pharmacological effects aiming to demonstrate scientific evidence of its empirical uses. Most studies have been conducted with plant derivatives, and more...
Community pharmacists’ knowledge and perspectives regarding the medicinal use of Nigella Sativa Seeds (Ranunculaceae),: A qualitative insight from Dubai, United Arab Emirates
December 2019
The seeds of Nigella sativa (NS) (family: Ranunculaceae), (NS) are widely used as medicine throughout the world. It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb, Ayurveda and Siddha. Seeds and oils have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food. The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge of community pharmacists in Dubai, United Arab...
In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity of Nigella sativa L. extracts
December 2019
The Arabs, Asians and, Traditional Health Practitioners in Mombasa county found in Kenya have been using Nigella sativa L. seeds to traditionally manage malaria associated symptoms that is, headache, fever, chills, loss of appetite among others. The present study investigated in vitro antiplasmodial, in vivo antimalarial activities and safety of different extracts of N. sativa. Five extracts obtained via aqueous...
Preliminary study to identify anti-sickle cell plants in Niger's traditional pharmacopoeia and their phytochemicals
December 2019
The management of sickle cell disease is a major challenge at the international level. In many African countries, sickle cell anemia is one of the major causes of mortality and is a critical public health problem in Niger. In this part of the continent, the estimated prevalence is around 18 to 22%, which is amongst the highest in Africa. Nowadays, despite the existence of some ways to improve the prognosis of sickle...
Recent advances in analytical approaches for the standardization and quality of polyphenols of propolis
December 2019
Analytical approaches utilized for the characterization of polyphenols from propolis useful for the determination of its quality is investigated in this study. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of propolis bioactive molecules is of interest in medicine and nutraceuticals. Recent powerful analytical techniques are of great utility to separate and quantify polyphenols in extracts and finished products due to their...
The insight and survey on medicinal properties and nutritive components of Shallot
November 2019
Shallot is a horticultural commodity belonging to spice vegetables. Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a perennial crop which is grown as an annual for its cluster of small cloves and bulbs. Persian shallot also is native and endemic of Iran and grows as a wild plant across Zagross mountains at high elevations. Shallot is an important source of carbohydrate, vitamin A, B, and C. Phenolic compound in Shallot consist of...
Therapeutic role of chitosan nanoparticles in murine schistosomiasis mansoni
November 2019
This research evaluates the value of loading Nigella sativa on chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection compared to praziquantel. Chitosan has efficient oral administrative capability to penetrate mucosal surface being mucoadhesive and non-toxic, as well as combination with NPs add characters of controlled release and safe serum levels. The study was done on 40 S. mansoni infected...
Antioxidant, DNA protective and antibacterial activities of Terminalia bellerica extracts
November 2019
Terminalia bellerica Roxb., commonly known as Beleric myrobalan, is a well-known large deciduous tree with various pharmaceutical properties. However, scientific information on T. bellerica, growing in India, as regards to its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties is very limited. With this in view, this study investigated the antioxidant, DNA protective and antibacterial activities of different...
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